Zakelly commented on code in PR #24748:
URL: https://github.com/apache/flink/pull/24748#discussion_r1593310127


##########
flink-runtime/src/main/java/org/apache/flink/runtime/asyncprocessing/ParallelEpochManager.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.flink.runtime.asyncprocessing;
+
+/** An implementation of {@link AbstractEpochManager} for parallel epoch 
execution. */
+public class ParallelEpochManager extends AbstractEpochManager {
+
+    public ParallelEpochManager() {
+        super();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void onNonRecord(Runnable action) {
+        Epoch lastEpoch = outputQueue.get(outputQueue.size() - 1);
+        lastEpoch.action = action;
+        lastEpoch.close();
+        if (outputQueue.size() == 1) { // which means the first epoch
+            if (lastEpoch.tryFinish()) {
+                outputQueue.remove(0);
+            }
+        }
+        Epoch epoch = new Epoch(0, action);

Review Comment:
   This action should not be passed into the new epoch.



##########
flink-runtime/src/main/java/org/apache/flink/runtime/asyncprocessing/AbstractEpochManager.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.flink.runtime.asyncprocessing;
+
+import javax.annotation.Nonnull;
+
+import java.util.LinkedList;
+
+/**
+ * Epoch manager segments inputs into distinct epochs, marked by the arrival 
of non-records(e.g.
+ * watermark, record attributes). Records are assigned to a unique epoch based 
on their arrival,
+ * records within an epoch are allowed to be parallelized, while the 
non-record of an epoch can only
+ * be executed when all records in this epoch have finished.
+ *
+ * <p>For more details please refer to FLIP-425.
+ */
+public abstract class AbstractEpochManager {
+
+    /**
+     * This enum defines whether parallel execution between epochs is allowed. 
We should keep this
+     * internal and away from API module for now, until we could see the 
concrete need for {@link
+     * #PARALLEL_BETWEEN_EPOCH} from average users.
+     */
+    public enum ParallelMode {
+        /**
+         * Subsequent epochs must wait until the previous epoch is completed 
before they can start.
+         */
+        SERIAL_BETWEEN_EPOCH,
+        /**
+         * Subsequent epochs can begin execution even if the previous epoch 
has not yet completed.
+         * Usually performs better than {@link #SERIAL_BETWEEN_EPOCH}.
+         */
+        PARALLEL_BETWEEN_EPOCH
+    }
+
+    /** The output queue to hold ongoing epochs. */
+    protected LinkedList<Epoch> outputQueue;
+
+    public AbstractEpochManager() {
+        this.outputQueue = new LinkedList<>();
+        // preset an empty epoch, the epoch action will be updated when 
non-record is received.
+        this.outputQueue.add(new Epoch(0, () -> {}));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Add a record to the current epoch and return the current open epoch, 
the epoch will be
+     * associated with the {@link RecordContext} of this record. Must be 
invoked within task thread.
+     *
+     * @return the current open epoch.
+     */
+    public Epoch onRecord() {
+        Epoch lastEpoch = outputQueue.get(outputQueue.size() - 1);

Review Comment:
   How about hold a reference of `Epoch activeEpoch` instead of get the last 
one from queue?



##########
flink-runtime/src/main/java/org/apache/flink/runtime/asyncprocessing/AbstractEpochManager.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.flink.runtime.asyncprocessing;
+
+import javax.annotation.Nonnull;
+
+import java.util.LinkedList;
+
+/**
+ * Epoch manager segments inputs into distinct epochs, marked by the arrival 
of non-records(e.g.
+ * watermark, record attributes). Records are assigned to a unique epoch based 
on their arrival,
+ * records within an epoch are allowed to be parallelized, while the 
non-record of an epoch can only
+ * be executed when all records in this epoch have finished.
+ *
+ * <p>For more details please refer to FLIP-425.
+ */
+public abstract class AbstractEpochManager {
+
+    /**
+     * This enum defines whether parallel execution between epochs is allowed. 
We should keep this
+     * internal and away from API module for now, until we could see the 
concrete need for {@link
+     * #PARALLEL_BETWEEN_EPOCH} from average users.
+     */
+    public enum ParallelMode {

Review Comment:
   Should this be a property of `Epoch`? Or should the draining logic be in the 
`close()` of some specific epochs?



##########
flink-runtime/src/main/java/org/apache/flink/runtime/asyncprocessing/AbstractEpochManager.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.flink.runtime.asyncprocessing;
+
+import javax.annotation.Nonnull;
+
+import java.util.LinkedList;
+
+/**
+ * Epoch manager segments inputs into distinct epochs, marked by the arrival 
of non-records(e.g.
+ * watermark, record attributes). Records are assigned to a unique epoch based 
on their arrival,
+ * records within an epoch are allowed to be parallelized, while the 
non-record of an epoch can only
+ * be executed when all records in this epoch have finished.
+ *
+ * <p>For more details please refer to FLIP-425.
+ */
+public abstract class AbstractEpochManager {
+
+    /**
+     * This enum defines whether parallel execution between epochs is allowed. 
We should keep this
+     * internal and away from API module for now, until we could see the 
concrete need for {@link
+     * #PARALLEL_BETWEEN_EPOCH} from average users.
+     */
+    public enum ParallelMode {
+        /**
+         * Subsequent epochs must wait until the previous epoch is completed 
before they can start.
+         */
+        SERIAL_BETWEEN_EPOCH,
+        /**
+         * Subsequent epochs can begin execution even if the previous epoch 
has not yet completed.
+         * Usually performs better than {@link #SERIAL_BETWEEN_EPOCH}.
+         */
+        PARALLEL_BETWEEN_EPOCH
+    }
+
+    /** The output queue to hold ongoing epochs. */
+    protected LinkedList<Epoch> outputQueue;
+
+    public AbstractEpochManager() {
+        this.outputQueue = new LinkedList<>();
+        // preset an empty epoch, the epoch action will be updated when 
non-record is received.
+        this.outputQueue.add(new Epoch(0, () -> {}));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Add a record to the current epoch and return the current open epoch, 
the epoch will be
+     * associated with the {@link RecordContext} of this record. Must be 
invoked within task thread.
+     *
+     * @return the current open epoch.
+     */
+    public Epoch onRecord() {
+        Epoch lastEpoch = outputQueue.get(outputQueue.size() - 1);
+        lastEpoch.ongoingRecordCount++;
+        return lastEpoch;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Add a non-record to the current epoch, close current epoch and open a 
new epoch. Must be
+     * invoked within task thread.
+     *
+     * @param action the action associated with this non-record.
+     */
+    public abstract void onNonRecord(Runnable action);
+
+    /**
+     * Complete one record in the specific epoch. Must be invoked within task 
thread.
+     *
+     * @param epoch the specific epoch
+     */
+    public void completeOneRecord(Epoch epoch) {
+        epoch.ongoingRecordCount--;
+        // If this epoch has been closed before and all records in
+        //  is epoch have finished, the epoch will be removed from the output 
queue.
+        if (epoch.tryFinish() && outputQueue.size() > 0) {
+            if (epoch == outputQueue.getFirst()) {
+                outputQueue.remove(0);

Review Comment:
   My suggestion: use `outputQueue.pop();` here. And there should be a
   ```
   while (outputQueue.peek().isFinished()) {
       outputQueue.pop();
   }
   ```
   Right?



##########
flink-runtime/src/main/java/org/apache/flink/runtime/asyncprocessing/AbstractEpochManager.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.flink.runtime.asyncprocessing;
+
+import javax.annotation.Nonnull;
+
+import java.util.LinkedList;
+
+/**
+ * Epoch manager segments inputs into distinct epochs, marked by the arrival 
of non-records(e.g.
+ * watermark, record attributes). Records are assigned to a unique epoch based 
on their arrival,
+ * records within an epoch are allowed to be parallelized, while the 
non-record of an epoch can only
+ * be executed when all records in this epoch have finished.
+ *
+ * <p>For more details please refer to FLIP-425.
+ */
+public abstract class AbstractEpochManager {
+
+    /**
+     * This enum defines whether parallel execution between epochs is allowed. 
We should keep this
+     * internal and away from API module for now, until we could see the 
concrete need for {@link
+     * #PARALLEL_BETWEEN_EPOCH} from average users.
+     */
+    public enum ParallelMode {
+        /**
+         * Subsequent epochs must wait until the previous epoch is completed 
before they can start.
+         */
+        SERIAL_BETWEEN_EPOCH,
+        /**
+         * Subsequent epochs can begin execution even if the previous epoch 
has not yet completed.
+         * Usually performs better than {@link #SERIAL_BETWEEN_EPOCH}.
+         */
+        PARALLEL_BETWEEN_EPOCH
+    }
+
+    /** The output queue to hold ongoing epochs. */
+    protected LinkedList<Epoch> outputQueue;
+
+    public AbstractEpochManager() {
+        this.outputQueue = new LinkedList<>();
+        // preset an empty epoch, the epoch action will be updated when 
non-record is received.
+        this.outputQueue.add(new Epoch(0, () -> {}));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Add a record to the current epoch and return the current open epoch, 
the epoch will be
+     * associated with the {@link RecordContext} of this record. Must be 
invoked within task thread.
+     *
+     * @return the current open epoch.
+     */
+    public Epoch onRecord() {
+        Epoch lastEpoch = outputQueue.get(outputQueue.size() - 1);
+        lastEpoch.ongoingRecordCount++;
+        return lastEpoch;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Add a non-record to the current epoch, close current epoch and open a 
new epoch. Must be
+     * invoked within task thread.
+     *
+     * @param action the action associated with this non-record.
+     */
+    public abstract void onNonRecord(Runnable action);
+
+    /**
+     * Complete one record in the specific epoch. Must be invoked within task 
thread.
+     *
+     * @param epoch the specific epoch
+     */
+    public void completeOneRecord(Epoch epoch) {
+        epoch.ongoingRecordCount--;
+        // If this epoch has been closed before and all records in
+        //  is epoch have finished, the epoch will be removed from the output 
queue.
+        if (epoch.tryFinish() && outputQueue.size() > 0) {
+            if (epoch == outputQueue.getFirst()) {
+                outputQueue.remove(0);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    enum EpochStatus {
+        /**
+         * The subsequent non-record input has not arrived. So arriving 
records will be collected
+         * into current epoch.
+         */
+        Open,
+        /**
+         * The records belong to this epoch is settled since the following 
non-record input has
+         * arrived, the newly arriving records would be collected into the 
next epoch.
+         */
+        Closed,
+        /** The records of this epoch have finished execution after the epoch 
is closed. */
+        Finished
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * All inputs are segment into distinct epochs, marked by the arrival of 
non-record inputs.
+     * Records are assigned to a unique epoch based on their arrival.
+     */
+    public static class Epoch {
+        /** The number of records that are still ongoing in this epoch. */
+        int ongoingRecordCount;
+
+        /** The action associated with non-record of this epoch(e.g. advance 
watermark). */
+        @Nonnull Runnable action;

Review Comment:
   How about make this `Nullable`? And provide one action for the `Epoch` on 
`close()`.



##########
flink-runtime/src/main/java/org/apache/flink/runtime/asyncprocessing/AbstractEpochManager.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.flink.runtime.asyncprocessing;
+
+import javax.annotation.Nonnull;
+
+import java.util.LinkedList;
+
+/**
+ * Epoch manager segments inputs into distinct epochs, marked by the arrival 
of non-records(e.g.
+ * watermark, record attributes). Records are assigned to a unique epoch based 
on their arrival,
+ * records within an epoch are allowed to be parallelized, while the 
non-record of an epoch can only
+ * be executed when all records in this epoch have finished.
+ *
+ * <p>For more details please refer to FLIP-425.
+ */
+public abstract class AbstractEpochManager {
+
+    /**
+     * This enum defines whether parallel execution between epochs is allowed. 
We should keep this
+     * internal and away from API module for now, until we could see the 
concrete need for {@link
+     * #PARALLEL_BETWEEN_EPOCH} from average users.
+     */
+    public enum ParallelMode {
+        /**
+         * Subsequent epochs must wait until the previous epoch is completed 
before they can start.
+         */
+        SERIAL_BETWEEN_EPOCH,
+        /**
+         * Subsequent epochs can begin execution even if the previous epoch 
has not yet completed.
+         * Usually performs better than {@link #SERIAL_BETWEEN_EPOCH}.
+         */
+        PARALLEL_BETWEEN_EPOCH
+    }
+
+    /** The output queue to hold ongoing epochs. */
+    protected LinkedList<Epoch> outputQueue;
+
+    public AbstractEpochManager() {
+        this.outputQueue = new LinkedList<>();
+        // preset an empty epoch, the epoch action will be updated when 
non-record is received.
+        this.outputQueue.add(new Epoch(0, () -> {}));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Add a record to the current epoch and return the current open epoch, 
the epoch will be
+     * associated with the {@link RecordContext} of this record. Must be 
invoked within task thread.
+     *
+     * @return the current open epoch.
+     */
+    public Epoch onRecord() {
+        Epoch lastEpoch = outputQueue.get(outputQueue.size() - 1);
+        lastEpoch.ongoingRecordCount++;
+        return lastEpoch;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Add a non-record to the current epoch, close current epoch and open a 
new epoch. Must be
+     * invoked within task thread.
+     *
+     * @param action the action associated with this non-record.
+     */
+    public abstract void onNonRecord(Runnable action);
+
+    /**
+     * Complete one record in the specific epoch. Must be invoked within task 
thread.
+     *
+     * @param epoch the specific epoch
+     */
+    public void completeOneRecord(Epoch epoch) {
+        epoch.ongoingRecordCount--;
+        // If this epoch has been closed before and all records in
+        //  is epoch have finished, the epoch will be removed from the output 
queue.
+        if (epoch.tryFinish() && outputQueue.size() > 0) {
+            if (epoch == outputQueue.getFirst()) {
+                outputQueue.remove(0);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    enum EpochStatus {
+        /**
+         * The subsequent non-record input has not arrived. So arriving 
records will be collected
+         * into current epoch.
+         */
+        Open,
+        /**
+         * The records belong to this epoch is settled since the following 
non-record input has
+         * arrived, the newly arriving records would be collected into the 
next epoch.
+         */
+        Closed,
+        /** The records of this epoch have finished execution after the epoch 
is closed. */
+        Finished
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * All inputs are segment into distinct epochs, marked by the arrival of 
non-record inputs.
+     * Records are assigned to a unique epoch based on their arrival.
+     */
+    public static class Epoch {

Review Comment:
   I suggest provide an auto-increment id for epoch, which is useful for 
debugging.



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