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https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/HBASE-13430?page=com.atlassian.jira.plugin.system.issuetabpanels:comment-tabpanel&focusedCommentId=14488005#comment-14488005
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Tobi Vollebregt commented on HBASE-13430:
-----------------------------------------

I ran it another 20 times;

One time it failed exactly as above in one of my new tests.

One time it failed in one of the pre existing tests 
({{testOnlineSnapshotRegionOperationsIndependent}}):

{code}
java.lang.Exception: Split did not increase the number of regions
        at 
org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.TestSnapshotCloneIndependence.waitOnSplit(TestSnapshotCloneIndependence.java:206)
        at 
org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.TestSnapshotCloneIndependence.runTestRegionOperationsIndependent(TestSnapshotCloneIndependence.java:321)
        at 
org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.TestSnapshotCloneIndependence.testOnlineSnapshotRegionOperationsIndependent(TestSnapshotCloneIndependence.java:181)
{code}

And one time it failed in one of the pre existing tests 
({{testOnlineSnapshotAppendIndenpendent}}), with the same {{AssertionError}} as 
I posted above:

{code}
java.lang.AssertionError: The line counts of original and cloned tables do not 
match after clone.  
Expected :17576
Actual   :14046
        at 
org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.TestSnapshotCloneIndependence.runTestSnapshotAppendIndependent(TestSnapshotCloneIndependence.java:243)
        at 
org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.TestSnapshotCloneIndependence.testOnlineSnapshotAppendIndependent(TestSnapshotCloneIndependence.java:136)
{code}

This makes me think that either these tests have always been somewhat flaky, or 
the changed configuration settings (faster cleaning) are surfacing an unrelated 
issue.

> HFiles that are in use by a table cloned from a snapshot may be deleted when 
> that snapshot is deleted
> -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>                 Key: HBASE-13430
>                 URL: https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/HBASE-13430
>             Project: HBase
>          Issue Type: Bug
>          Components: hbase
>            Reporter: Tobi Vollebregt
>            Priority: Critical
>              Labels: data-integrity, master
>             Fix For: 2.0.0, 1.0.1, 1.1.0, 0.98.13
>
>         Attachments: HBASE-13430-master-v1.patch, 
> hbase-13430-attempted-fix.patch, hbase-13430-test.patch
>
>
> We recently had a production issue in which HFiles that were still in use by 
> a table were deleted. This appears to have been caused by race conditions in 
> the order in which HFileLinks are created, combined with the fact that only 
> files younger than {{hbase.master.hfilecleaner.ttl}} are kept alive.
> This is how to reproduce:
>  * Clone a large snapshot into a new table. The clone operation must take 
> more than {{hbase.master.hfilecleaner.ttl}} time to guarantee data loss.
>  * Ensure that no other table or snapshot is referencing the HFiles used by 
> the new table.
>  * Delete the snapshot. This breaks the table.
> The main cause is this:
>  * Cloning a snapshot creates the table in the {{HBASE_TEMP_DIRECTORY}}.
>  * However, it immediately creates back references to the HFileLinks that it 
> creates for the table in the archive directory.
>  * HFileLinkCleaner does not check the {{HBASE_TEMP_DIRECTORY}}, so it 
> considers all those back references deletable.
>  * The only thing that keeps them alive is the TimeToLiveHFileCleaner, but 
> only for 5 minutes.
>  * So if cloning the snapshot takes more than 5 minutes, and the HFiles 
> aren't referenced by anything else, data loss is guaranteed.
> I have a unit test reproducing the issue and I tried to fix this, but didn't 
> completely succeed. I will attach the patch shortly.
> Workarounds:
>  * Don't delete any snapshots that you cloned into a table (we used this 
> successfully-- we actually restored the deleted snapshot from backup using 
> ExportSnapshot after the data loss happened, which successfully reversed the 
> data loss).
>  * Manually check the back references and create any missing ones after 
> cloning a snapshot.
>  * Increase {{hbase.master.hfilecleaner.ttl}}. (untested)



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