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https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/HIVE-26184?page=com.atlassian.jira.plugin.system.issuetabpanels:comment-tabpanel&focusedCommentId=17529368#comment-17529368
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Zoltan Haindrich commented on HIVE-26184:
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because the value will be the same - I think collecting any number of them into
a SET will not make the key for it overload - unless the hashCode of that UUID
value is always the same constant...but in that case we should fix that -
because it will make slow all the other operations; including `contains`
> COLLECT_SET with GROUP BY is very slow when some keys are highly skewed
> -----------------------------------------------------------------------
>
> Key: HIVE-26184
> URL: https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/HIVE-26184
> Project: Hive
> Issue Type: Bug
> Components: Hive
> Affects Versions: 2.3.8, 3.1.3
> Reporter: okumin
> Assignee: okumin
> Priority: Major
> Labels: pull-request-available
> Time Spent: 20m
> Remaining Estimate: 0h
>
> I observed some reducers spend 98% of CPU time in invoking
> `java.util.HashMap#clear`.
> Looking the detail, I found COLLECT_SET reuses a LinkedHashSet and its
> `clear` can be quite heavy when a relation has a small number of highly
> skewed keys.
>
> To reproduce the issue, first, we will create rows with a skewed key.
> {code:java}
> INSERT INTO test_collect_set
> SELECT '00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000' AS key, CAST(UUID() AS VARCHAR)
> AS value
> FROM table_with_many_rows
> LIMIT 100000;{code}
> Then, we will create many non-skewed rows.
> {code:java}
> INSERT INTO test_collect_set
> SELECT UUID() AS key, UUID() AS value
> FROM sample_datasets.nasdaq
> LIMIT 5000000;{code}
> We can observe the issue when we aggregate values by `key`.
> {code:java}
> SELECT key, COLLECT_SET(value) FROM group_by_skew GROUP BY key{code}
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