manuzhang commented on code in PR #14948:
URL: https://github.com/apache/iceberg/pull/14948#discussion_r3245931645


##########
spark/v4.1/spark/src/main/java/org/apache/iceberg/spark/source/MergingSortedRowDataReader.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,299 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.iceberg.spark.source;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.UncheckedIOException;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.Comparator;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+import org.apache.iceberg.BaseScanTaskGroup;
+import org.apache.iceberg.FileScanTask;
+import org.apache.iceberg.ScanTaskGroup;
+import org.apache.iceberg.Schema;
+import org.apache.iceberg.SortField;
+import org.apache.iceberg.SortOrder;
+import org.apache.iceberg.SortOrderComparators;
+import org.apache.iceberg.StructLike;
+import org.apache.iceberg.Table;
+import org.apache.iceberg.io.CloseableGroup;
+import org.apache.iceberg.io.CloseableIterable;
+import org.apache.iceberg.io.CloseableIterator;
+import org.apache.iceberg.relocated.com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
+import org.apache.iceberg.relocated.com.google.common.collect.Lists;
+import org.apache.iceberg.spark.SparkSchemaUtil;
+import org.apache.iceberg.spark.source.metrics.TaskNumDeletes;
+import org.apache.iceberg.spark.source.metrics.TaskNumSplits;
+import org.apache.iceberg.types.TypeUtil;
+import org.apache.iceberg.types.Types;
+import org.apache.iceberg.util.SortedMerge;
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.InternalRow;
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.expressions.GenericInternalRow;
+import org.apache.spark.sql.connector.metric.CustomTaskMetric;
+import org.apache.spark.sql.connector.read.PartitionReader;
+import org.apache.spark.sql.types.DataType;
+import org.apache.spark.sql.types.StructType;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+/**
+ * A {@link PartitionReader} that reads multiple sorted files and merges them 
into a single sorted
+ * stream using a k-way heap merge ({@link SortedMerge}).
+ *
+ * <p>This reader is used when {@code preserve-data-ordering} is enabled and 
the task group contains
+ * multiple files that all have the same sort order.
+ *
+ * <p>Sort key columns absent from the requested projection are temporarily 
added to the read schema
+ * so that {@link SortOrderComparators} can access them during the merge. The 
extra columns are
+ * stripped from each row before it is returned to Spark.
+ */
+class MergingSortedRowDataReader implements PartitionReader<InternalRow> {
+  private static final Logger LOG = 
LoggerFactory.getLogger(MergingSortedRowDataReader.class);
+
+  private final CloseableGroup resources;
+  private final CloseableIterator<InternalRow> mergedIterator;
+  private final List<RowDataReader> fileReaders;
+  // non-null only when sort key columns were added to the read schema beyond 
what Spark projected
+  private final int[] outputPositions;
+  private final DataType[] outputDataTypes;
+  private final Object[] outputValues; // reused per row to avoid per-row 
allocation
+  private InternalRow current;
+
+  MergingSortedRowDataReader(SparkInputPartition partition) {
+    Table table = partition.table();
+    ScanTaskGroup<FileScanTask> taskGroup = partition.taskGroup();
+    Schema projection = partition.projection();
+    SortOrder sortOrder = table.sortOrder();
+
+    Preconditions.checkState(
+        sortOrder.isSorted(), "Cannot create merging reader for unsorted table 
%s", table.name());
+    Preconditions.checkState(
+        taskGroup.tasks().size() > 1,
+        "Merging reader requires multiple files, got %s",
+        taskGroup.tasks().size());
+
+    LOG.info(
+        "Creating merging reader for {} files with sort order {} in table {}",
+        taskGroup.tasks().size(),
+        sortOrder.orderId(),
+        table.name());
+
+    // Augment the projected schema with any sort key columns Spark did not 
request so that
+    // SortOrderComparators can access every sort key field during the merge.
+    Schema mergeReadSchema = mergeReadSchema(projection, sortOrder, table);
+    this.outputPositions = buildOutputPositions(projection, mergeReadSchema);
+    this.outputDataTypes = buildOutputDataTypes(projection, outputPositions);
+    this.outputValues = outputPositions != null ? new 
Object[outputPositions.length] : null;
+
+    this.resources = new CloseableGroup();
+    this.fileReaders =
+        taskGroup.tasks().stream()
+            .map(
+                task ->
+                    new RowDataReader(
+                        table,
+                        partition.io(),
+                        new 
BaseScanTaskGroup<>(Collections.singletonList(task)),
+                        mergeReadSchema,
+                        partition.isCaseSensitive(),
+                        partition.cacheDeleteFilesOnExecutors()))
+            .collect(Collectors.toList());

Review Comment:
   nit: `toList` is more concise.



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