adutra commented on code in PR #18756:
URL: https://github.com/apache/iceberg/pull/18756#discussion_r4492781126


##########
core/src/main/java/org/apache/iceberg/rest/auth/oauth2/OAuth2Manager.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,185 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.iceberg.rest.auth.oauth2;
+
+import com.github.benmanes.caffeine.cache.Cache;
+import com.github.benmanes.caffeine.cache.Caffeine;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.util.Map;
+import org.apache.iceberg.CatalogProperties;
+import org.apache.iceberg.catalog.SessionCatalog.SessionContext;
+import org.apache.iceberg.catalog.TableIdentifier;
+import 
org.apache.iceberg.relocated.com.google.common.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+import org.apache.iceberg.rest.RESTClient;
+import org.apache.iceberg.rest.RESTUtil;
+import org.apache.iceberg.rest.auth.AuthManager;
+import org.apache.iceberg.rest.auth.AuthSession;
+import org.apache.iceberg.util.PropertyUtil;
+import org.apache.iceberg.util.ThreadPools;
+
+/**
+ * An {@link AuthManager} that authenticates with an OAuth2 authorization 
server using the client
+ * credentials grant, and renews access tokens before they expire.
+ *
+ * <p>Callers must stop using this manager before closing it.
+ */
+public class OAuth2Manager implements AuthManager {
+
+  private final LegacyConfigAdapter legacyConfigAdapter = new 
LegacyConfigAdapter();
+
+  // The client used by the init, catalog and contextual sessions. The init 
client is closed once
+  // the catalog is initialized, so sessions must always resolve the current 
client lazily.
+  private volatile RESTClient restClient;
+  private volatile String catalogUri;
+
+  private OAuth2Session initSession;
+  private OAuth2Session catalogSession;
+
+  private volatile Cache<String, OAuth2Session> cacheById;
+  private volatile Cache<OAuth2Config, OAuth2Session> cacheByConfig;
+
+  public OAuth2Manager(String ignoredManagerName) {}
+
+  @Override
+  public AuthSession initSession(RESTClient initClient, Map<String, String> 
initProperties) {
+    this.restClient = initClient;
+    this.catalogUri = initProperties.get(CatalogProperties.URI);
+    OAuth2Config initConfig = createConfig(initProperties, catalogUri);
+    this.initSession = new OAuth2Session(initConfig, () -> restClient);
+    return initSession;
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public AuthSession catalogSession(RESTClient sharedClient, Map<String, 
String> catalogProps) {
+    this.restClient = sharedClient;
+    this.catalogUri = catalogProps.get(CatalogProperties.URI);
+    this.cacheById = newCache(sessionTimeout(catalogProps));
+    OAuth2Config catalogConfig = createConfig(catalogProps, catalogUri);
+    this.catalogSession = new OAuth2Session(catalogConfig, () -> restClient);
+    return catalogSession;
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public AuthSession contextualSession(SessionContext context, AuthSession 
parent) {
+    Map<String, String> contextProperties =
+        RESTUtil.merge(
+            context.properties() != null ? context.properties() : Map.of(),
+            context.credentials() != null ? context.credentials() : Map.of());
+    Map<String, String> migrated = 
legacyConfigAdapter.migrate(contextProperties);
+    if (migrated.isEmpty()) {
+      return parent;
+    }
+
+    // the contextual configuration is self-contained: nothing is inherited 
from the parent config
+    OAuth2Config contextConfig =
+        
OAuth2Config.fromProperties(legacyConfigAdapter.resolveTokenEndpoint(migrated, 
catalogUri));

Review Comment:
   Indeed we don't carry over any defaults from the catalog properties, so if 
the `SessionContext` does not contain a token endpoint, but contains other 
OAuth2 properties, the default catalog internal token endpoint would be used.
   
   Why I think it's generally not a good idea to merge catalog properties with 
context properties: consider the following setup:
   
   * Catalog properties:
     ```properties
     rest.auth.oauth2.issuer-url=issuer1
     rest.auth.oauth2.client-id=client1
     rest.auth.oauth2.client-secret=secret1
     rest.auth.oauth2.resource=resource1
     ```
   
   * Context properties (note no client secret, maybe hinting at a public 
client):
     ```properties
     rest.auth.oauth2.issuer-url=issuer2
     rest.auth.oauth2.client-id=client2
     rest.auth.oauth2.audience=audience2
     ```
   
   If we blindly merge the two, we'd get:
   
   ```properties
   rest.auth.oauth2.token-endpoint=issuer2
   rest.auth.oauth2.client-id=client2
   rest.auth.oauth2.client-secret=secret1
   rest.auth.oauth2.resource=resource1
   rest.auth.oauth2.audience=audience2
   ```
   
   Which is almost certainly a wrong setup.



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