aokolnychyi commented on a change in pull request #2892:
URL: https://github.com/apache/iceberg/pull/2892#discussion_r680262290



##########
File path: core/src/test/java/org/apache/iceberg/TestRewriteFiles.java
##########
@@ -641,4 +641,115 @@ public void testNewDeleteFile() {
         .rewriteFiles(Sets.newSet(FILE_A), Sets.newSet(FILE_A2))
         .apply();
   }
+
+  @Test
+  public void testRewriteReferencedDataFile() {
+    Assume.assumeTrue("Delete files are only supported in v2", formatVersion > 
1);
+
+    table.newAppend()
+        .appendFile(FILE_A)
+        .commit();
+
+    table.newRowDelta()
+        .addDeletes(FILE_A_DELETES)
+        .commit();
+
+    long snapshotBeforeDeleteRewrite = table.currentSnapshot().snapshotId();
+
+    // simulate rewrite deletes in FILE_A_DELETES to FILE_B_DELETES
+    table.newRewrite()
+        .validateFromSnapshot(snapshotBeforeDeleteRewrite)
+        .validateDataFilesNotRewritten(Sets.newSet(FILE_A.path()))
+        .rewriteFiles(Sets.newSet(), Sets.newSet(FILE_A_DELETES), 
Sets.newSet(), Sets.newSet(FILE_B_DELETES))
+        .commit();
+
+    long snapshotBeforeRewriteFileA = table.currentSnapshot().snapshotId();
+
+    // rewrite FILE_A as FILE_A2
+    table.newRewrite()
+        .validateFromSnapshot(table.currentSnapshot().snapshotId())
+        .rewriteFiles(Sets.newSet(FILE_A), Sets.newSet(FILE_A2))
+        .commit();
+
+    AssertHelpers.assertThrows("Should fail because a referenced file was 
rewritten",
+        ValidationException.class, "Cannot commit, missing data files",
+        () -> table.newRewrite()
+            .validateFromSnapshot(snapshotBeforeRewriteFileA)
+            .validateDataFilesNotRewritten(Sets.newSet(FILE_A.path()))
+            .rewriteFiles(Sets.newSet(), Sets.newSet(FILE_B_DELETES), 
Sets.newSet(), Sets.newSet(FILE_A_DELETES))
+            .apply());
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void testOverwriteReferencedDataFile() {
+    Assume.assumeTrue("Delete files are only supported in v2", formatVersion > 
1);
+
+    table.newAppend()
+        .appendFile(FILE_A)
+        .commit();
+
+    table.newRowDelta()
+        .addDeletes(FILE_A_DELETES)
+        .commit();
+
+    long snapshotBeforeDeleteRewrite = table.currentSnapshot().snapshotId();
+
+    // simulate rewrite deletes in FILE_A_DELETES to FILE_B_DELETES
+    table.newRewrite()
+        .validateFromSnapshot(snapshotBeforeDeleteRewrite)
+        .validateDataFilesNotRewritten(Sets.newSet(FILE_A.path()))
+        .rewriteFiles(Sets.newSet(), Sets.newSet(FILE_A_DELETES), 
Sets.newSet(), Sets.newSet(FILE_B_DELETES))
+        .commit();
+
+    long snapshotBeforeOverwriteFileA = table.currentSnapshot().snapshotId();
+
+    // overwrite FILE_A with FILE_A2
+    table.newOverwrite()
+        .deleteFile(FILE_A)
+        .addFile(FILE_A2)
+        .commit();
+
+    // the rewrite succeeds because the overwrite is required to read FILE_A 
correctly
+    table.newRewrite()
+        .validateFromSnapshot(snapshotBeforeOverwriteFileA)
+        .validateDataFilesNotRewritten(Sets.newSet(FILE_A.path()))
+        .rewriteFiles(Sets.newSet(), Sets.newSet(FILE_B_DELETES), 
Sets.newSet(), Sets.newSet(FILE_A_DELETES))

Review comment:
       One of the assumptions we made while implementing the new data 
compaction is that we will always apply deletes while compacting data and will 
use a new sequence number for compacted files to make sure no deletes apply to 
them. Is there a good use case not to do that?
   
    > But assuming that you wanted to, this may not even be possible if the 
files that are rewritten are from different sequence numbers, with different 
sets of equality delete files that must be applied.
   
   Well, if we wanted to compact data files without applying deletes, the 
implementation would have to be really complicated to address the point above.
   
   If there is a use case (even though there is no implementation yet), I think 
we should add this validation. If not, I'd probably skip it. I don't have a use 
case in mind right now.
   
   




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