rajat315315 commented on PR #16320:
URL: https://github.com/apache/lucene/pull/16320#issuecomment-4882102773

   ### Benchmark Results
   
   I ran `luceneutil`'s `KnnGraphTester` to measure the impact of the 
`NeighborArray.sort()` optimization. The benchmark was executed on the SIFT1M 
dataset (128 dimensions) using the Java Vector API. 
   
   **Test Parameters:**
   * `maxDoc`: 1,000,000
   * `maxConn`: 16
   * `beamWidthIndex`: 100
   * `numQueries`: 10,000
   
   **Hardware/Environment:**
   * JDK Vector Incubator: Enabled (`preferredBitSize=256; FMA enabled`)
   
   | Metric | `main` (Baseline) | PR Branch | Difference |
   | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
   | **Index Time (CPU)** | 177.03s | 172.71s | **-2.4%** |
   | **Index Time (Merge Wait)** | 91.72s | 81.34s | **-11.3%** |
   | **Search Time (1k queries)** | 1,832 ms | 1,660 ms | **-9.3%** |
   | **Search QPS** | 545 | 602 | **+10.4%** |
   
   **Conclusion:**
   Replacing the $O(N^2)$ insertion sort yields a measurable reduction in graph 
construction time and background merge overhead. We also see a ~10% throughput 
increase during the search phase.


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