swamirishi commented on code in PR #8477:
URL: https://github.com/apache/ozone/pull/8477#discussion_r2131952464


##########
hadoop-hdds/framework/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdds/utils/Archiver.java:
##########
@@ -115,6 +119,29 @@ public static long includeFile(File file, String entryName,
     return bytes;
   }
 
+  public static void linkAndIncludeFile(File file, String entryName,
+      ArchiveOutputStream<TarArchiveEntry> archiveOutput, Path tmpDir) throws 
IOException {
+    File link = null;
+    try {
+      Files.createLink(tmpDir.resolve(file.getName()), file.toPath());
+      link = tmpDir.resolve(file.getName()).toFile();
+      TarArchiveEntry entry = archiveOutput.createArchiveEntry(link, 
entryName);
+      archiveOutput.putArchiveEntry(entry);
+      try (InputStream input = Files.newInputStream(link.toPath())) {
+        IOUtils.copyLarge(input, archiveOutput);
+      }
+      archiveOutput.closeArchiveEntry();
+    } catch (IOException ioe) {
+      LOG.error("Couldn't create hardlink for file {} while including it in 
tarball.",
+          file.getAbsolutePath(), ioe);
+    } finally {
+      if (link != null) {
+        Files.deleteIfExists(link.toPath());

Review Comment:
   This file might not get deleted in case of a jvm crash. We should delete all 
the files in this directory on startup. Just putting a note here if we are 
already not doing it.



##########
hadoop-ozone/ozone-manager/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/ozone/om/OMDBCheckpointServletInodeBasedXfer.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,237 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om;
+
+import static org.apache.hadoop.hdds.utils.Archiver.*;
+import static 
org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.OMConfigKeys.OZONE_OM_RATIS_SNAPSHOT_MAX_TOTAL_SST_SIZE_DEFAULT;
+import static 
org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.OMConfigKeys.OZONE_OM_RATIS_SNAPSHOT_MAX_TOTAL_SST_SIZE_KEY;
+import static org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.snapshot.OmSnapshotUtils.DATA_PREFIX;
+import static org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.snapshot.OmSnapshotUtils.DATA_SUFFIX;
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.OutputStream;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.Paths;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.Iterator;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
+import org.apache.commons.compress.archivers.ArchiveOutputStream;
+import org.apache.commons.compress.archivers.tar.TarArchiveEntry;
+import org.apache.hadoop.hdds.conf.OzoneConfiguration;
+import org.apache.hadoop.hdds.utils.db.DBCheckpoint;
+import org.apache.hadoop.ozone.OzoneConsts;
+import org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.helpers.SnapshotInfo;
+import org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.snapshot.OmSnapshotUtils;
+import org.apache.ozone.rocksdiff.RocksDBCheckpointDiffer;
+
+/**
+ * Specialized OMDBCheckpointServlet implementation that transfers Ozone 
Manager
+ * database checkpoints using inode-based deduplication.
+ * <p>
+ * This servlet constructs checkpoint archives by examining file inodes,
+ * ensuring that files with the same inode (i.e., hardlinks or duplicates)
+ * are only transferred once. It maintains mappings from inode IDs to file
+ * paths, manages hardlink information, and enforces snapshot and SST file
+ * size constraints as needed.
+ * <p>
+ * This approach optimizes checkpoint streaming by reducing redundant data
+ * transfer, especially in environments where RocksDB and snapshotting result
+ * in multiple hardlinks to the same physical data.
+ */
+public class OMDBCheckpointServletInodeBasedXfer extends OMDBCheckpointServlet 
{
+
+  @Override
+  public void writeDbDataToStream(DBCheckpoint checkpoint, HttpServletRequest 
request, OutputStream destination,
+      Set<String> sstFilesToExclude, Path tmpdir) throws IOException, 
InterruptedException {
+    // Key is the InodeID and the first encountered file path with this inodeID
+    Map<String, Path> copyFiles = new HashMap<>();
+    OzoneManager om = (OzoneManager) 
getServletContext().getAttribute(OzoneConsts.OM_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE);
+    OMMetadataManager omMetadataManager = om.getMetadataManager();
+    boolean includeSnapshotData = includeSnapshotData(request);
+    long maxTotalSstSize = 
getConf().getLong(OZONE_OM_RATIS_SNAPSHOT_MAX_TOTAL_SST_SIZE_KEY,
+        OZONE_OM_RATIS_SNAPSHOT_MAX_TOTAL_SST_SIZE_DEFAULT);
+    if (!includeSnapshotData) {
+      maxTotalSstSize = Long.MAX_VALUE;
+    }
+
+    boolean shouldContinue = true;
+
+    Set<Path> allPathsToVisit = new HashSet<>();
+    try (ArchiveOutputStream<TarArchiveEntry> archiveOutputStream = 
tar(destination)) {
+      if (includeSnapshotData) {
+        Set<Path> snapshotDbPaths = collectSnapshotPaths(omMetadataManager);
+        // Process each snapshot db path and write it to archive
+        for (Path snapshotDbPath : snapshotDbPaths) {
+          if (!shouldContinue) {
+            break;
+          }
+          shouldContinue = writeDBToArchive(copyFiles, sstFilesToExclude, 
snapshotDbPath,
+              maxTotalSstSize, archiveOutputStream, false, tmpdir);
+        }
+
+        RocksDBCheckpointDiffer differ = 
getDbStore().getRocksDBCheckpointDiffer();
+        Path sstBackupDir = new File(differ.getSSTBackupDir()).toPath();
+        Path compactionLogDir = new 
File(differ.getCompactionLogDir()).toPath();
+
+        if (shouldContinue) {
+          shouldContinue = writeDBToArchive(copyFiles, sstFilesToExclude, 
sstBackupDir,
+              maxTotalSstSize, archiveOutputStream, true, tmpdir);
+        }
+
+        if (shouldContinue) {
+          shouldContinue = writeDBToArchive(copyFiles, sstFilesToExclude, 
compactionLogDir,
+              maxTotalSstSize, archiveOutputStream, true, tmpdir);
+        }
+        // Add paths of snapshot databases, SST backups, and compaction logs 
to visit list
+        allPathsToVisit.addAll(snapshotDbPaths);
+        allPathsToVisit.add(sstBackupDir);
+        allPathsToVisit.add(compactionLogDir);
+      }
+
+      if (shouldContinue) {
+        // we finished transferring files from snapshot DB's by now and
+        // this is the last step where we transfer the active om.db contents
+        DBCheckpoint finalCheckpoint = getCheckpoint(tmpdir,true);
+        // unlimited files as we want the Active DB contents to be transferred 
in a single batch
+        maxTotalSstSize = Long.MAX_VALUE;
+        Path checkpointDir = finalCheckpoint.getCheckpointLocation();
+        writeDBToArchive(copyFiles, sstFilesToExclude, checkpointDir,
+            maxTotalSstSize, archiveOutputStream, false, tmpdir);
+        allPathsToVisit.add(checkpointDir);
+        generateAndWriteHardlinkFile(checkpointDir, allPathsToVisit, 
archiveOutputStream);
+      }
+
+    } catch (Exception e) {
+      LOG.error("got exception writing to archive " + e);
+      throw e;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Generates a file containing hardlink information and writes it to the 
archive.
+   *
+   * @param checkpointDir Directory containing the checkpoint
+   * @param allPathsToVisit Set of all paths to visit for hardlink information
+   * @param archiveOutputStream Archive output stream
+   * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs
+   */
+  private static void generateAndWriteHardlinkFile(Path checkpointDir, 
Set<Path> allPathsToVisit,
+      ArchiveOutputStream<TarArchiveEntry> archiveOutputStream) throws 
IOException {
+    Path data = Files.createTempFile(DATA_PREFIX, DATA_SUFFIX);
+    Path metaDirPath = getMetaDirPath(checkpointDir);
+    int truncateLength = metaDirPath.toString().length() + 1;
+    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
+
+    for (Path path : allPathsToVisit) {
+      try (Stream<Path> files = Files.walk(path)) {
+        Iterable<Path> iterable = files::iterator;
+        Iterator<Path> iterator = iterable.iterator();
+        for (; iterator.hasNext();) {
+          Path p = iterator.next();
+          String fileId = OmSnapshotUtils.getInodeAndMtime(p);
+          String relativePath = p.toString().substring(truncateLength);
+          sb.append(fileId).append("\t").append(relativePath).append("\n");
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    Files.write(data, sb.toString().getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
+    includeFile(data.toFile(), OmSnapshotManager.OM_HARDLINK_FILE, 
archiveOutputStream);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Gets the configuration from the OzoneManager context.
+   *
+   * @return OzoneConfiguration instance
+   */
+  private OzoneConfiguration getConf() {
+    return ((OzoneManager) getServletContext()
+        .getAttribute(OzoneConsts.OM_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE))
+        .getConfiguration();
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Collects paths to all snapshot databases.
+   *
+   * @param omMetadataManager OMMetadataManager instance
+   * @return Set of paths to snapshot databases
+   * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs
+   */
+  Set<Path> collectSnapshotPaths(OMMetadataManager omMetadataManager) throws 
IOException {
+    Set<Path> snapshotDbPaths = new HashSet<>();
+    SnapshotChainManager snapshotChainManager = new 
SnapshotChainManager(omMetadataManager);
+    for (SnapshotChainInfo snapInfo : 
snapshotChainManager.getGlobalSnapshotChain().values()) {
+      String snapshotDir =
+          OmSnapshotManager.getSnapshotPath(getConf(), 
SnapshotInfo.getCheckpointDirName(snapInfo.getSnapshotId()));
+      Path path = Paths.get(snapshotDir);
+      snapshotDbPaths.add(path);
+    }
+    return snapshotDbPaths;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Writes database files to the archive, handling deduplication based on 
inode IDs.
+   *
+   * @param copyFiles Map of inode IDs to file paths that have already been 
processed
+   * @param sstFilesToExclude Set of SST file IDs to exclude from the archive
+   * @param dbDir Directory containing database files to archive
+   * @param maxTotalSstSize Maximum total size of SST files to include
+   * @param archiveOutputStream Archive output stream
+   * @param hardlink Whether to link and include a file in tarball
+   * @param tmpDir Temporary directory for processing
+   * @return true if processing should continue, false if size limit reached
+   * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs
+   */
+  boolean writeDBToArchive(Map<String, Path> copyFiles,
+      Set<String> sstFilesToExclude, Path dbDir, long maxTotalSstSize,
+      ArchiveOutputStream<TarArchiveEntry> archiveOutputStream, boolean 
hardlink, Path tmpDir) throws IOException {
+    AtomicLong copySize = new AtomicLong(maxTotalSstSize);
+    try (Stream<Path> files = Files.list(dbDir)) {
+      Iterable<Path> iterable = files::iterator;
+      for (Path dbFile : iterable) {
+        if (Files.isDirectory(dbFile)) {

Review Comment:
   Why are we still doing a recursive listing here? We know our directory 
structures are going to be flat. We should only pass the final directory for 
rocksdb here. Let us not over engineer stuff here.



##########
hadoop-ozone/ozone-manager/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/ozone/om/OMDBCheckpointServletInodeBasedXfer.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,237 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om;
+
+import static org.apache.hadoop.hdds.utils.Archiver.*;
+import static 
org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.OMConfigKeys.OZONE_OM_RATIS_SNAPSHOT_MAX_TOTAL_SST_SIZE_DEFAULT;
+import static 
org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.OMConfigKeys.OZONE_OM_RATIS_SNAPSHOT_MAX_TOTAL_SST_SIZE_KEY;
+import static org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.snapshot.OmSnapshotUtils.DATA_PREFIX;
+import static org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.snapshot.OmSnapshotUtils.DATA_SUFFIX;
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.OutputStream;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.Paths;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.Iterator;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
+import org.apache.commons.compress.archivers.ArchiveOutputStream;
+import org.apache.commons.compress.archivers.tar.TarArchiveEntry;
+import org.apache.hadoop.hdds.conf.OzoneConfiguration;
+import org.apache.hadoop.hdds.utils.db.DBCheckpoint;
+import org.apache.hadoop.ozone.OzoneConsts;
+import org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.helpers.SnapshotInfo;
+import org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.snapshot.OmSnapshotUtils;
+import org.apache.ozone.rocksdiff.RocksDBCheckpointDiffer;
+
+/**
+ * Specialized OMDBCheckpointServlet implementation that transfers Ozone 
Manager
+ * database checkpoints using inode-based deduplication.
+ * <p>
+ * This servlet constructs checkpoint archives by examining file inodes,
+ * ensuring that files with the same inode (i.e., hardlinks or duplicates)
+ * are only transferred once. It maintains mappings from inode IDs to file
+ * paths, manages hardlink information, and enforces snapshot and SST file
+ * size constraints as needed.
+ * <p>
+ * This approach optimizes checkpoint streaming by reducing redundant data
+ * transfer, especially in environments where RocksDB and snapshotting result
+ * in multiple hardlinks to the same physical data.
+ */
+public class OMDBCheckpointServletInodeBasedXfer extends OMDBCheckpointServlet 
{
+
+  @Override
+  public void writeDbDataToStream(DBCheckpoint checkpoint, HttpServletRequest 
request, OutputStream destination,

Review Comment:
   Given that we are always taking a checkpoint at the beginning in 
DBCheckpoint servlet I believe we would have to override both doGet and doPost 
method of the DBCheckpointServlet ultimately making this algorithm quite 
different than any of the existing implementation. Can we just have a separate 
class not even extending any of the methods. We can move common functions into 
util function but I don't see any commonality in the approach.



##########
hadoop-hdds/framework/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hdds/utils/Archiver.java:
##########
@@ -115,6 +119,29 @@ public static long includeFile(File file, String entryName,
     return bytes;
   }
 
+  public static void linkAndIncludeFile(File file, String entryName,
+      ArchiveOutputStream<TarArchiveEntry> archiveOutput, Path tmpDir) throws 
IOException {
+    File link = null;
+    try {
+      Files.createLink(tmpDir.resolve(file.getName()), file.toPath());

Review Comment:
   How would this work out in the case there are multiple concurrent Om 
checkpoint request. Let us always resolve the file name to inode id always.



##########
hadoop-ozone/ozone-manager/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/ozone/om/OMDBCheckpointServletInodeBasedXfer.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,237 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om;
+
+import static org.apache.hadoop.hdds.utils.Archiver.*;
+import static 
org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.OMConfigKeys.OZONE_OM_RATIS_SNAPSHOT_MAX_TOTAL_SST_SIZE_DEFAULT;
+import static 
org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.OMConfigKeys.OZONE_OM_RATIS_SNAPSHOT_MAX_TOTAL_SST_SIZE_KEY;
+import static org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.snapshot.OmSnapshotUtils.DATA_PREFIX;
+import static org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.snapshot.OmSnapshotUtils.DATA_SUFFIX;
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.OutputStream;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.Paths;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.Iterator;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
+import org.apache.commons.compress.archivers.ArchiveOutputStream;
+import org.apache.commons.compress.archivers.tar.TarArchiveEntry;
+import org.apache.hadoop.hdds.conf.OzoneConfiguration;
+import org.apache.hadoop.hdds.utils.db.DBCheckpoint;
+import org.apache.hadoop.ozone.OzoneConsts;
+import org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.helpers.SnapshotInfo;
+import org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.snapshot.OmSnapshotUtils;
+import org.apache.ozone.rocksdiff.RocksDBCheckpointDiffer;
+
+/**
+ * Specialized OMDBCheckpointServlet implementation that transfers Ozone 
Manager
+ * database checkpoints using inode-based deduplication.
+ * <p>
+ * This servlet constructs checkpoint archives by examining file inodes,
+ * ensuring that files with the same inode (i.e., hardlinks or duplicates)
+ * are only transferred once. It maintains mappings from inode IDs to file
+ * paths, manages hardlink information, and enforces snapshot and SST file
+ * size constraints as needed.
+ * <p>
+ * This approach optimizes checkpoint streaming by reducing redundant data
+ * transfer, especially in environments where RocksDB and snapshotting result
+ * in multiple hardlinks to the same physical data.
+ */
+public class OMDBCheckpointServletInodeBasedXfer extends OMDBCheckpointServlet 
{
+
+  @Override
+  public void writeDbDataToStream(DBCheckpoint checkpoint, HttpServletRequest 
request, OutputStream destination,
+      Set<String> sstFilesToExclude, Path tmpdir) throws IOException, 
InterruptedException {
+    // Key is the InodeID and the first encountered file path with this inodeID
+    Map<String, Path> copyFiles = new HashMap<>();
+    OzoneManager om = (OzoneManager) 
getServletContext().getAttribute(OzoneConsts.OM_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE);
+    OMMetadataManager omMetadataManager = om.getMetadataManager();
+    boolean includeSnapshotData = includeSnapshotData(request);
+    long maxTotalSstSize = 
getConf().getLong(OZONE_OM_RATIS_SNAPSHOT_MAX_TOTAL_SST_SIZE_KEY,
+        OZONE_OM_RATIS_SNAPSHOT_MAX_TOTAL_SST_SIZE_DEFAULT);
+    if (!includeSnapshotData) {
+      maxTotalSstSize = Long.MAX_VALUE;
+    }
+
+    boolean shouldContinue = true;
+
+    Set<Path> allPathsToVisit = new HashSet<>();
+    try (ArchiveOutputStream<TarArchiveEntry> archiveOutputStream = 
tar(destination)) {
+      if (includeSnapshotData) {
+        Set<Path> snapshotDbPaths = collectSnapshotPaths(omMetadataManager);
+        // Process each snapshot db path and write it to archive
+        for (Path snapshotDbPath : snapshotDbPaths) {
+          if (!shouldContinue) {
+            break;
+          }
+          shouldContinue = writeDBToArchive(copyFiles, sstFilesToExclude, 
snapshotDbPath,
+              maxTotalSstSize, archiveOutputStream, false, tmpdir);
+        }
+
+        RocksDBCheckpointDiffer differ = 
getDbStore().getRocksDBCheckpointDiffer();
+        Path sstBackupDir = new File(differ.getSSTBackupDir()).toPath();
+        Path compactionLogDir = new 
File(differ.getCompactionLogDir()).toPath();
+
+        if (shouldContinue) {
+          shouldContinue = writeDBToArchive(copyFiles, sstFilesToExclude, 
sstBackupDir,
+              maxTotalSstSize, archiveOutputStream, true, tmpdir);
+        }
+
+        if (shouldContinue) {
+          shouldContinue = writeDBToArchive(copyFiles, sstFilesToExclude, 
compactionLogDir,
+              maxTotalSstSize, archiveOutputStream, true, tmpdir);
+        }
+        // Add paths of snapshot databases, SST backups, and compaction logs 
to visit list
+        allPathsToVisit.addAll(snapshotDbPaths);

Review Comment:
   Why visit snapshotDBPaths again?



##########
hadoop-ozone/ozone-manager/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/ozone/om/OMDBCheckpointServletInodeBasedXfer.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,237 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om;
+
+import static org.apache.hadoop.hdds.utils.Archiver.*;
+import static 
org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.OMConfigKeys.OZONE_OM_RATIS_SNAPSHOT_MAX_TOTAL_SST_SIZE_DEFAULT;
+import static 
org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.OMConfigKeys.OZONE_OM_RATIS_SNAPSHOT_MAX_TOTAL_SST_SIZE_KEY;
+import static org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.snapshot.OmSnapshotUtils.DATA_PREFIX;
+import static org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.snapshot.OmSnapshotUtils.DATA_SUFFIX;
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.OutputStream;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.Paths;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.Iterator;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
+import org.apache.commons.compress.archivers.ArchiveOutputStream;
+import org.apache.commons.compress.archivers.tar.TarArchiveEntry;
+import org.apache.hadoop.hdds.conf.OzoneConfiguration;
+import org.apache.hadoop.hdds.utils.db.DBCheckpoint;
+import org.apache.hadoop.ozone.OzoneConsts;
+import org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.helpers.SnapshotInfo;
+import org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.snapshot.OmSnapshotUtils;
+import org.apache.ozone.rocksdiff.RocksDBCheckpointDiffer;
+
+/**
+ * Specialized OMDBCheckpointServlet implementation that transfers Ozone 
Manager
+ * database checkpoints using inode-based deduplication.
+ * <p>
+ * This servlet constructs checkpoint archives by examining file inodes,
+ * ensuring that files with the same inode (i.e., hardlinks or duplicates)
+ * are only transferred once. It maintains mappings from inode IDs to file
+ * paths, manages hardlink information, and enforces snapshot and SST file
+ * size constraints as needed.
+ * <p>
+ * This approach optimizes checkpoint streaming by reducing redundant data
+ * transfer, especially in environments where RocksDB and snapshotting result
+ * in multiple hardlinks to the same physical data.
+ */
+public class OMDBCheckpointServletInodeBasedXfer extends OMDBCheckpointServlet 
{
+
+  @Override
+  public void writeDbDataToStream(DBCheckpoint checkpoint, HttpServletRequest 
request, OutputStream destination,
+      Set<String> sstFilesToExclude, Path tmpdir) throws IOException, 
InterruptedException {
+    // Key is the InodeID and the first encountered file path with this inodeID
+    Map<String, Path> copyFiles = new HashMap<>();
+    OzoneManager om = (OzoneManager) 
getServletContext().getAttribute(OzoneConsts.OM_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE);
+    OMMetadataManager omMetadataManager = om.getMetadataManager();
+    boolean includeSnapshotData = includeSnapshotData(request);
+    long maxTotalSstSize = 
getConf().getLong(OZONE_OM_RATIS_SNAPSHOT_MAX_TOTAL_SST_SIZE_KEY,
+        OZONE_OM_RATIS_SNAPSHOT_MAX_TOTAL_SST_SIZE_DEFAULT);

Review Comment:
   ```suggestion
       AtomicLong maxTotalSstSize = new 
AtomicLong(getConf().getLong(OZONE_OM_RATIS_SNAPSHOT_MAX_TOTAL_SST_SIZE_KEY,
           OZONE_OM_RATIS_SNAPSHOT_MAX_TOTAL_SST_SIZE_DEFAULT));
   ```



##########
hadoop-ozone/ozone-manager/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/ozone/om/OMDBCheckpointServletInodeBasedXfer.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,237 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om;
+
+import static org.apache.hadoop.hdds.utils.Archiver.*;
+import static 
org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.OMConfigKeys.OZONE_OM_RATIS_SNAPSHOT_MAX_TOTAL_SST_SIZE_DEFAULT;
+import static 
org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.OMConfigKeys.OZONE_OM_RATIS_SNAPSHOT_MAX_TOTAL_SST_SIZE_KEY;
+import static org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.snapshot.OmSnapshotUtils.DATA_PREFIX;
+import static org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.snapshot.OmSnapshotUtils.DATA_SUFFIX;
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.OutputStream;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.Paths;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.Iterator;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
+import org.apache.commons.compress.archivers.ArchiveOutputStream;
+import org.apache.commons.compress.archivers.tar.TarArchiveEntry;
+import org.apache.hadoop.hdds.conf.OzoneConfiguration;
+import org.apache.hadoop.hdds.utils.db.DBCheckpoint;
+import org.apache.hadoop.ozone.OzoneConsts;
+import org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.helpers.SnapshotInfo;
+import org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.snapshot.OmSnapshotUtils;
+import org.apache.ozone.rocksdiff.RocksDBCheckpointDiffer;
+
+/**
+ * Specialized OMDBCheckpointServlet implementation that transfers Ozone 
Manager
+ * database checkpoints using inode-based deduplication.
+ * <p>
+ * This servlet constructs checkpoint archives by examining file inodes,
+ * ensuring that files with the same inode (i.e., hardlinks or duplicates)
+ * are only transferred once. It maintains mappings from inode IDs to file
+ * paths, manages hardlink information, and enforces snapshot and SST file
+ * size constraints as needed.
+ * <p>
+ * This approach optimizes checkpoint streaming by reducing redundant data
+ * transfer, especially in environments where RocksDB and snapshotting result
+ * in multiple hardlinks to the same physical data.
+ */
+public class OMDBCheckpointServletInodeBasedXfer extends OMDBCheckpointServlet 
{
+
+  @Override
+  public void writeDbDataToStream(DBCheckpoint checkpoint, HttpServletRequest 
request, OutputStream destination,
+      Set<String> sstFilesToExclude, Path tmpdir) throws IOException, 
InterruptedException {
+    // Key is the InodeID and the first encountered file path with this inodeID
+    Map<String, Path> copyFiles = new HashMap<>();
+    OzoneManager om = (OzoneManager) 
getServletContext().getAttribute(OzoneConsts.OM_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE);
+    OMMetadataManager omMetadataManager = om.getMetadataManager();
+    boolean includeSnapshotData = includeSnapshotData(request);
+    long maxTotalSstSize = 
getConf().getLong(OZONE_OM_RATIS_SNAPSHOT_MAX_TOTAL_SST_SIZE_KEY,
+        OZONE_OM_RATIS_SNAPSHOT_MAX_TOTAL_SST_SIZE_DEFAULT);
+    if (!includeSnapshotData) {
+      maxTotalSstSize = Long.MAX_VALUE;
+    }
+
+    boolean shouldContinue = true;
+
+    Set<Path> allPathsToVisit = new HashSet<>();
+    try (ArchiveOutputStream<TarArchiveEntry> archiveOutputStream = 
tar(destination)) {
+      if (includeSnapshotData) {
+        Set<Path> snapshotDbPaths = collectSnapshotPaths(omMetadataManager);
+        // Process each snapshot db path and write it to archive
+        for (Path snapshotDbPath : snapshotDbPaths) {
+          if (!shouldContinue) {
+            break;
+          }
+          shouldContinue = writeDBToArchive(copyFiles, sstFilesToExclude, 
snapshotDbPath,
+              maxTotalSstSize, archiveOutputStream, false, tmpdir);
+        }
+
+        RocksDBCheckpointDiffer differ = 
getDbStore().getRocksDBCheckpointDiffer();
+        Path sstBackupDir = new File(differ.getSSTBackupDir()).toPath();
+        Path compactionLogDir = new 
File(differ.getCompactionLogDir()).toPath();
+
+        if (shouldContinue) {
+          shouldContinue = writeDBToArchive(copyFiles, sstFilesToExclude, 
sstBackupDir,
+              maxTotalSstSize, archiveOutputStream, true, tmpdir);
+        }
+
+        if (shouldContinue) {
+          shouldContinue = writeDBToArchive(copyFiles, sstFilesToExclude, 
compactionLogDir,
+              maxTotalSstSize, archiveOutputStream, true, tmpdir);
+        }
+        // Add paths of snapshot databases, SST backups, and compaction logs 
to visit list
+        allPathsToVisit.addAll(snapshotDbPaths);
+        allPathsToVisit.add(sstBackupDir);
+        allPathsToVisit.add(compactionLogDir);
+      }
+
+      if (shouldContinue) {
+        // we finished transferring files from snapshot DB's by now and
+        // this is the last step where we transfer the active om.db contents
+        DBCheckpoint finalCheckpoint = getCheckpoint(tmpdir,true);
+        // unlimited files as we want the Active DB contents to be transferred 
in a single batch
+        maxTotalSstSize = Long.MAX_VALUE;
+        Path checkpointDir = finalCheckpoint.getCheckpointLocation();
+        writeDBToArchive(copyFiles, sstFilesToExclude, checkpointDir,
+            maxTotalSstSize, archiveOutputStream, false, tmpdir);
+        allPathsToVisit.add(checkpointDir);
+        generateAndWriteHardlinkFile(checkpointDir, allPathsToVisit, 
archiveOutputStream);
+      }
+
+    } catch (Exception e) {
+      LOG.error("got exception writing to archive " + e);
+      throw e;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Generates a file containing hardlink information and writes it to the 
archive.
+   *
+   * @param checkpointDir Directory containing the checkpoint
+   * @param allPathsToVisit Set of all paths to visit for hardlink information
+   * @param archiveOutputStream Archive output stream
+   * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs
+   */
+  private static void generateAndWriteHardlinkFile(Path checkpointDir, 
Set<Path> allPathsToVisit,
+      ArchiveOutputStream<TarArchiveEntry> archiveOutputStream) throws 
IOException {
+    Path data = Files.createTempFile(DATA_PREFIX, DATA_SUFFIX);
+    Path metaDirPath = getMetaDirPath(checkpointDir);
+    int truncateLength = metaDirPath.toString().length() + 1;
+    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
+
+    for (Path path : allPathsToVisit) {
+      try (Stream<Path> files = Files.walk(path)) {
+        Iterable<Path> iterable = files::iterator;
+        Iterator<Path> iterator = iterable.iterator();
+        for (; iterator.hasNext();) {
+          Path p = iterator.next();
+          String fileId = OmSnapshotUtils.getInodeAndMtime(p);
+          String relativePath = p.toString().substring(truncateLength);
+          sb.append(fileId).append("\t").append(relativePath).append("\n");
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    Files.write(data, sb.toString().getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
+    includeFile(data.toFile(), OmSnapshotManager.OM_HARDLINK_FILE, 
archiveOutputStream);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Gets the configuration from the OzoneManager context.
+   *
+   * @return OzoneConfiguration instance
+   */
+  private OzoneConfiguration getConf() {
+    return ((OzoneManager) getServletContext()
+        .getAttribute(OzoneConsts.OM_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE))
+        .getConfiguration();
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Collects paths to all snapshot databases.
+   *
+   * @param omMetadataManager OMMetadataManager instance
+   * @return Set of paths to snapshot databases
+   * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs
+   */
+  Set<Path> collectSnapshotPaths(OMMetadataManager omMetadataManager) throws 
IOException {
+    Set<Path> snapshotDbPaths = new HashSet<>();
+    SnapshotChainManager snapshotChainManager = new 
SnapshotChainManager(omMetadataManager);
+    for (SnapshotChainInfo snapInfo : 
snapshotChainManager.getGlobalSnapshotChain().values()) {
+      String snapshotDir =
+          OmSnapshotManager.getSnapshotPath(getConf(), 
SnapshotInfo.getCheckpointDirName(snapInfo.getSnapshotId()));
+      Path path = Paths.get(snapshotDir);
+      snapshotDbPaths.add(path);
+    }
+    return snapshotDbPaths;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Writes database files to the archive, handling deduplication based on 
inode IDs.
+   *
+   * @param copyFiles Map of inode IDs to file paths that have already been 
processed
+   * @param sstFilesToExclude Set of SST file IDs to exclude from the archive
+   * @param dbDir Directory containing database files to archive
+   * @param maxTotalSstSize Maximum total size of SST files to include
+   * @param archiveOutputStream Archive output stream
+   * @param hardlink Whether to link and include a file in tarball
+   * @param tmpDir Temporary directory for processing
+   * @return true if processing should continue, false if size limit reached
+   * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs
+   */
+  boolean writeDBToArchive(Map<String, Path> copyFiles,
+      Set<String> sstFilesToExclude, Path dbDir, long maxTotalSstSize,
+      ArchiveOutputStream<TarArchiveEntry> archiveOutputStream, boolean 
hardlink, Path tmpDir) throws IOException {
+    AtomicLong copySize = new AtomicLong(maxTotalSstSize);
+    try (Stream<Path> files = Files.list(dbDir)) {
+      Iterable<Path> iterable = files::iterator;
+      for (Path dbFile : iterable) {
+        if (Files.isDirectory(dbFile)) {
+          writeDBToArchive(copyFiles, sstFilesToExclude, dbFile, 
maxTotalSstSize,
+              archiveOutputStream, hardlink, tmpDir);
+        } else {
+          String fileId = OmSnapshotUtils.getInodeAndMtime(dbFile);
+          if (!sstFilesToExclude.contains(fileId) && 
!copyFiles.containsKey(fileId)) {
+            long fileSize = Files.size(dbFile);
+            if (copySize.get() - fileSize <= 0) {
+              return false;
+            }
+            if (hardlink) {

Review Comment:
   I believe this flag is unnecessary. Creating one extra hardlink shouldn't be 
much of an overhead. Let us have things simple and not keep too many if else 
case.



##########
hadoop-ozone/ozone-manager/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/ozone/om/OMDBCheckpointServletInodeBasedXfer.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,237 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om;
+
+import static org.apache.hadoop.hdds.utils.Archiver.*;
+import static 
org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.OMConfigKeys.OZONE_OM_RATIS_SNAPSHOT_MAX_TOTAL_SST_SIZE_DEFAULT;
+import static 
org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.OMConfigKeys.OZONE_OM_RATIS_SNAPSHOT_MAX_TOTAL_SST_SIZE_KEY;
+import static org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.snapshot.OmSnapshotUtils.DATA_PREFIX;
+import static org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.snapshot.OmSnapshotUtils.DATA_SUFFIX;
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.OutputStream;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.Paths;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.Iterator;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
+import org.apache.commons.compress.archivers.ArchiveOutputStream;
+import org.apache.commons.compress.archivers.tar.TarArchiveEntry;
+import org.apache.hadoop.hdds.conf.OzoneConfiguration;
+import org.apache.hadoop.hdds.utils.db.DBCheckpoint;
+import org.apache.hadoop.ozone.OzoneConsts;
+import org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.helpers.SnapshotInfo;
+import org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.snapshot.OmSnapshotUtils;
+import org.apache.ozone.rocksdiff.RocksDBCheckpointDiffer;
+
+/**
+ * Specialized OMDBCheckpointServlet implementation that transfers Ozone 
Manager
+ * database checkpoints using inode-based deduplication.
+ * <p>
+ * This servlet constructs checkpoint archives by examining file inodes,
+ * ensuring that files with the same inode (i.e., hardlinks or duplicates)
+ * are only transferred once. It maintains mappings from inode IDs to file
+ * paths, manages hardlink information, and enforces snapshot and SST file
+ * size constraints as needed.
+ * <p>
+ * This approach optimizes checkpoint streaming by reducing redundant data
+ * transfer, especially in environments where RocksDB and snapshotting result
+ * in multiple hardlinks to the same physical data.
+ */
+public class OMDBCheckpointServletInodeBasedXfer extends OMDBCheckpointServlet 
{
+
+  @Override
+  public void writeDbDataToStream(DBCheckpoint checkpoint, HttpServletRequest 
request, OutputStream destination,
+      Set<String> sstFilesToExclude, Path tmpdir) throws IOException, 
InterruptedException {
+    // Key is the InodeID and the first encountered file path with this inodeID
+    Map<String, Path> copyFiles = new HashMap<>();
+    OzoneManager om = (OzoneManager) 
getServletContext().getAttribute(OzoneConsts.OM_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE);
+    OMMetadataManager omMetadataManager = om.getMetadataManager();
+    boolean includeSnapshotData = includeSnapshotData(request);
+    long maxTotalSstSize = 
getConf().getLong(OZONE_OM_RATIS_SNAPSHOT_MAX_TOTAL_SST_SIZE_KEY,
+        OZONE_OM_RATIS_SNAPSHOT_MAX_TOTAL_SST_SIZE_DEFAULT);
+    if (!includeSnapshotData) {
+      maxTotalSstSize = Long.MAX_VALUE;
+    }
+
+    boolean shouldContinue = true;
+
+    Set<Path> allPathsToVisit = new HashSet<>();
+    try (ArchiveOutputStream<TarArchiveEntry> archiveOutputStream = 
tar(destination)) {
+      if (includeSnapshotData) {
+        Set<Path> snapshotDbPaths = collectSnapshotPaths(omMetadataManager);
+        // Process each snapshot db path and write it to archive
+        for (Path snapshotDbPath : snapshotDbPaths) {
+          if (!shouldContinue) {
+            break;
+          }
+          shouldContinue = writeDBToArchive(copyFiles, sstFilesToExclude, 
snapshotDbPath,
+              maxTotalSstSize, archiveOutputStream, false, tmpdir);
+        }
+
+        RocksDBCheckpointDiffer differ = 
getDbStore().getRocksDBCheckpointDiffer();
+        Path sstBackupDir = new File(differ.getSSTBackupDir()).toPath();
+        Path compactionLogDir = new 
File(differ.getCompactionLogDir()).toPath();
+
+        if (shouldContinue) {
+          shouldContinue = writeDBToArchive(copyFiles, sstFilesToExclude, 
sstBackupDir,
+              maxTotalSstSize, archiveOutputStream, true, tmpdir);
+        }
+
+        if (shouldContinue) {
+          shouldContinue = writeDBToArchive(copyFiles, sstFilesToExclude, 
compactionLogDir,
+              maxTotalSstSize, archiveOutputStream, true, tmpdir);
+        }
+        // Add paths of snapshot databases, SST backups, and compaction logs 
to visit list
+        allPathsToVisit.addAll(snapshotDbPaths);
+        allPathsToVisit.add(sstBackupDir);
+        allPathsToVisit.add(compactionLogDir);
+      }
+
+      if (shouldContinue) {
+        // we finished transferring files from snapshot DB's by now and
+        // this is the last step where we transfer the active om.db contents
+        DBCheckpoint finalCheckpoint = getCheckpoint(tmpdir,true);
+        // unlimited files as we want the Active DB contents to be transferred 
in a single batch
+        maxTotalSstSize = Long.MAX_VALUE;
+        Path checkpointDir = finalCheckpoint.getCheckpointLocation();
+        writeDBToArchive(copyFiles, sstFilesToExclude, checkpointDir,
+            maxTotalSstSize, archiveOutputStream, false, tmpdir);
+        allPathsToVisit.add(checkpointDir);
+        generateAndWriteHardlinkFile(checkpointDir, allPathsToVisit, 
archiveOutputStream);
+      }
+
+    } catch (Exception e) {
+      LOG.error("got exception writing to archive " + e);
+      throw e;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Generates a file containing hardlink information and writes it to the 
archive.
+   *
+   * @param checkpointDir Directory containing the checkpoint
+   * @param allPathsToVisit Set of all paths to visit for hardlink information
+   * @param archiveOutputStream Archive output stream
+   * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs
+   */
+  private static void generateAndWriteHardlinkFile(Path checkpointDir, 
Set<Path> allPathsToVisit,
+      ArchiveOutputStream<TarArchiveEntry> archiveOutputStream) throws 
IOException {
+    Path data = Files.createTempFile(DATA_PREFIX, DATA_SUFFIX);
+    Path metaDirPath = getMetaDirPath(checkpointDir);
+    int truncateLength = metaDirPath.toString().length() + 1;
+    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
+
+    for (Path path : allPathsToVisit) {
+      try (Stream<Path> files = Files.walk(path)) {
+        Iterable<Path> iterable = files::iterator;
+        Iterator<Path> iterator = iterable.iterator();
+        for (; iterator.hasNext();) {
+          Path p = iterator.next();
+          String fileId = OmSnapshotUtils.getInodeAndMtime(p);
+          String relativePath = p.toString().substring(truncateLength);
+          sb.append(fileId).append("\t").append(relativePath).append("\n");
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    Files.write(data, sb.toString().getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
+    includeFile(data.toFile(), OmSnapshotManager.OM_HARDLINK_FILE, 
archiveOutputStream);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Gets the configuration from the OzoneManager context.
+   *
+   * @return OzoneConfiguration instance
+   */
+  private OzoneConfiguration getConf() {
+    return ((OzoneManager) getServletContext()
+        .getAttribute(OzoneConsts.OM_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE))
+        .getConfiguration();
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Collects paths to all snapshot databases.
+   *
+   * @param omMetadataManager OMMetadataManager instance
+   * @return Set of paths to snapshot databases
+   * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs
+   */
+  Set<Path> collectSnapshotPaths(OMMetadataManager omMetadataManager) throws 
IOException {
+    Set<Path> snapshotDbPaths = new HashSet<>();
+    SnapshotChainManager snapshotChainManager = new 
SnapshotChainManager(omMetadataManager);
+    for (SnapshotChainInfo snapInfo : 
snapshotChainManager.getGlobalSnapshotChain().values()) {
+      String snapshotDir =
+          OmSnapshotManager.getSnapshotPath(getConf(), 
SnapshotInfo.getCheckpointDirName(snapInfo.getSnapshotId()));
+      Path path = Paths.get(snapshotDir);
+      snapshotDbPaths.add(path);
+    }
+    return snapshotDbPaths;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Writes database files to the archive, handling deduplication based on 
inode IDs.
+   *
+   * @param copyFiles Map of inode IDs to file paths that have already been 
processed
+   * @param sstFilesToExclude Set of SST file IDs to exclude from the archive
+   * @param dbDir Directory containing database files to archive
+   * @param maxTotalSstSize Maximum total size of SST files to include
+   * @param archiveOutputStream Archive output stream
+   * @param hardlink Whether to link and include a file in tarball
+   * @param tmpDir Temporary directory for processing
+   * @return true if processing should continue, false if size limit reached
+   * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs
+   */
+  boolean writeDBToArchive(Map<String, Path> copyFiles,
+      Set<String> sstFilesToExclude, Path dbDir, long maxTotalSstSize,
+      ArchiveOutputStream<TarArchiveEntry> archiveOutputStream, boolean 
hardlink, Path tmpDir) throws IOException {
+    AtomicLong copySize = new AtomicLong(maxTotalSstSize);
+    try (Stream<Path> files = Files.list(dbDir)) {
+      Iterable<Path> iterable = files::iterator;
+      for (Path dbFile : iterable) {
+        if (Files.isDirectory(dbFile)) {
+          writeDBToArchive(copyFiles, sstFilesToExclude, dbFile, 
maxTotalSstSize,
+              archiveOutputStream, hardlink, tmpDir);
+        } else {
+          String fileId = OmSnapshotUtils.getInodeAndMtime(dbFile);
+          if (!sstFilesToExclude.contains(fileId) && 
!copyFiles.containsKey(fileId)) {

Review Comment:
   nit: Can we remove this nested if and BTW is it possible to add this entry 
to sstFilesToExclude and only check the one set here after it has been copied.



##########
hadoop-ozone/ozone-manager/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/ozone/om/OMDBCheckpointServletInodeBasedXfer.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,237 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om;
+
+import static org.apache.hadoop.hdds.utils.Archiver.*;
+import static 
org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.OMConfigKeys.OZONE_OM_RATIS_SNAPSHOT_MAX_TOTAL_SST_SIZE_DEFAULT;
+import static 
org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.OMConfigKeys.OZONE_OM_RATIS_SNAPSHOT_MAX_TOTAL_SST_SIZE_KEY;
+import static org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.snapshot.OmSnapshotUtils.DATA_PREFIX;
+import static org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.snapshot.OmSnapshotUtils.DATA_SUFFIX;
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.OutputStream;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.Paths;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.Iterator;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
+import org.apache.commons.compress.archivers.ArchiveOutputStream;
+import org.apache.commons.compress.archivers.tar.TarArchiveEntry;
+import org.apache.hadoop.hdds.conf.OzoneConfiguration;
+import org.apache.hadoop.hdds.utils.db.DBCheckpoint;
+import org.apache.hadoop.ozone.OzoneConsts;
+import org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.helpers.SnapshotInfo;
+import org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.snapshot.OmSnapshotUtils;
+import org.apache.ozone.rocksdiff.RocksDBCheckpointDiffer;
+
+/**
+ * Specialized OMDBCheckpointServlet implementation that transfers Ozone 
Manager
+ * database checkpoints using inode-based deduplication.
+ * <p>
+ * This servlet constructs checkpoint archives by examining file inodes,
+ * ensuring that files with the same inode (i.e., hardlinks or duplicates)
+ * are only transferred once. It maintains mappings from inode IDs to file
+ * paths, manages hardlink information, and enforces snapshot and SST file
+ * size constraints as needed.
+ * <p>
+ * This approach optimizes checkpoint streaming by reducing redundant data
+ * transfer, especially in environments where RocksDB and snapshotting result
+ * in multiple hardlinks to the same physical data.
+ */
+public class OMDBCheckpointServletInodeBasedXfer extends OMDBCheckpointServlet 
{
+
+  @Override
+  public void writeDbDataToStream(DBCheckpoint checkpoint, HttpServletRequest 
request, OutputStream destination,
+      Set<String> sstFilesToExclude, Path tmpdir) throws IOException, 
InterruptedException {
+    // Key is the InodeID and the first encountered file path with this inodeID
+    Map<String, Path> copyFiles = new HashMap<>();
+    OzoneManager om = (OzoneManager) 
getServletContext().getAttribute(OzoneConsts.OM_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE);
+    OMMetadataManager omMetadataManager = om.getMetadataManager();
+    boolean includeSnapshotData = includeSnapshotData(request);
+    long maxTotalSstSize = 
getConf().getLong(OZONE_OM_RATIS_SNAPSHOT_MAX_TOTAL_SST_SIZE_KEY,
+        OZONE_OM_RATIS_SNAPSHOT_MAX_TOTAL_SST_SIZE_DEFAULT);
+    if (!includeSnapshotData) {
+      maxTotalSstSize = Long.MAX_VALUE;
+    }
+
+    boolean shouldContinue = true;
+
+    Set<Path> allPathsToVisit = new HashSet<>();
+    try (ArchiveOutputStream<TarArchiveEntry> archiveOutputStream = 
tar(destination)) {
+      if (includeSnapshotData) {
+        Set<Path> snapshotDbPaths = collectSnapshotPaths(omMetadataManager);
+        // Process each snapshot db path and write it to archive
+        for (Path snapshotDbPath : snapshotDbPaths) {
+          if (!shouldContinue) {
+            break;
+          }
+          shouldContinue = writeDBToArchive(copyFiles, sstFilesToExclude, 
snapshotDbPath,
+              maxTotalSstSize, archiveOutputStream, false, tmpdir);
+        }
+
+        RocksDBCheckpointDiffer differ = 
getDbStore().getRocksDBCheckpointDiffer();
+        Path sstBackupDir = new File(differ.getSSTBackupDir()).toPath();
+        Path compactionLogDir = new 
File(differ.getCompactionLogDir()).toPath();
+
+        if (shouldContinue) {
+          shouldContinue = writeDBToArchive(copyFiles, sstFilesToExclude, 
sstBackupDir,
+              maxTotalSstSize, archiveOutputStream, true, tmpdir);
+        }
+
+        if (shouldContinue) {
+          shouldContinue = writeDBToArchive(copyFiles, sstFilesToExclude, 
compactionLogDir,
+              maxTotalSstSize, archiveOutputStream, true, tmpdir);
+        }
+        // Add paths of snapshot databases, SST backups, and compaction logs 
to visit list
+        allPathsToVisit.addAll(snapshotDbPaths);

Review Comment:
   IMO we don't need to do a directory walk again



##########
hadoop-ozone/ozone-manager/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/ozone/om/OMDBCheckpointServletInodeBasedXfer.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,237 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om;
+
+import static org.apache.hadoop.hdds.utils.Archiver.*;
+import static 
org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.OMConfigKeys.OZONE_OM_RATIS_SNAPSHOT_MAX_TOTAL_SST_SIZE_DEFAULT;
+import static 
org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.OMConfigKeys.OZONE_OM_RATIS_SNAPSHOT_MAX_TOTAL_SST_SIZE_KEY;
+import static org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.snapshot.OmSnapshotUtils.DATA_PREFIX;
+import static org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.snapshot.OmSnapshotUtils.DATA_SUFFIX;
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.OutputStream;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.Paths;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.Iterator;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
+import org.apache.commons.compress.archivers.ArchiveOutputStream;
+import org.apache.commons.compress.archivers.tar.TarArchiveEntry;
+import org.apache.hadoop.hdds.conf.OzoneConfiguration;
+import org.apache.hadoop.hdds.utils.db.DBCheckpoint;
+import org.apache.hadoop.ozone.OzoneConsts;
+import org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.helpers.SnapshotInfo;
+import org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.snapshot.OmSnapshotUtils;
+import org.apache.ozone.rocksdiff.RocksDBCheckpointDiffer;
+
+/**
+ * Specialized OMDBCheckpointServlet implementation that transfers Ozone 
Manager
+ * database checkpoints using inode-based deduplication.
+ * <p>
+ * This servlet constructs checkpoint archives by examining file inodes,
+ * ensuring that files with the same inode (i.e., hardlinks or duplicates)
+ * are only transferred once. It maintains mappings from inode IDs to file
+ * paths, manages hardlink information, and enforces snapshot and SST file
+ * size constraints as needed.
+ * <p>
+ * This approach optimizes checkpoint streaming by reducing redundant data
+ * transfer, especially in environments where RocksDB and snapshotting result
+ * in multiple hardlinks to the same physical data.
+ */
+public class OMDBCheckpointServletInodeBasedXfer extends OMDBCheckpointServlet 
{
+
+  @Override
+  public void writeDbDataToStream(DBCheckpoint checkpoint, HttpServletRequest 
request, OutputStream destination,
+      Set<String> sstFilesToExclude, Path tmpdir) throws IOException, 
InterruptedException {
+    // Key is the InodeID and the first encountered file path with this inodeID
+    Map<String, Path> copyFiles = new HashMap<>();
+    OzoneManager om = (OzoneManager) 
getServletContext().getAttribute(OzoneConsts.OM_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE);
+    OMMetadataManager omMetadataManager = om.getMetadataManager();
+    boolean includeSnapshotData = includeSnapshotData(request);
+    long maxTotalSstSize = 
getConf().getLong(OZONE_OM_RATIS_SNAPSHOT_MAX_TOTAL_SST_SIZE_KEY,
+        OZONE_OM_RATIS_SNAPSHOT_MAX_TOTAL_SST_SIZE_DEFAULT);
+    if (!includeSnapshotData) {
+      maxTotalSstSize = Long.MAX_VALUE;
+    }
+
+    boolean shouldContinue = true;
+
+    Set<Path> allPathsToVisit = new HashSet<>();
+    try (ArchiveOutputStream<TarArchiveEntry> archiveOutputStream = 
tar(destination)) {
+      if (includeSnapshotData) {
+        Set<Path> snapshotDbPaths = collectSnapshotPaths(omMetadataManager);
+        // Process each snapshot db path and write it to archive
+        for (Path snapshotDbPath : snapshotDbPaths) {
+          if (!shouldContinue) {
+            break;
+          }
+          shouldContinue = writeDBToArchive(copyFiles, sstFilesToExclude, 
snapshotDbPath,
+              maxTotalSstSize, archiveOutputStream, false, tmpdir);
+        }
+
+        RocksDBCheckpointDiffer differ = 
getDbStore().getRocksDBCheckpointDiffer();
+        Path sstBackupDir = new File(differ.getSSTBackupDir()).toPath();
+        Path compactionLogDir = new 
File(differ.getCompactionLogDir()).toPath();
+
+        if (shouldContinue) {
+          shouldContinue = writeDBToArchive(copyFiles, sstFilesToExclude, 
sstBackupDir,
+              maxTotalSstSize, archiveOutputStream, true, tmpdir);
+        }
+
+        if (shouldContinue) {
+          shouldContinue = writeDBToArchive(copyFiles, sstFilesToExclude, 
compactionLogDir,
+              maxTotalSstSize, archiveOutputStream, true, tmpdir);
+        }
+        // Add paths of snapshot databases, SST backups, and compaction logs 
to visit list
+        allPathsToVisit.addAll(snapshotDbPaths);
+        allPathsToVisit.add(sstBackupDir);
+        allPathsToVisit.add(compactionLogDir);
+      }
+
+      if (shouldContinue) {
+        // we finished transferring files from snapshot DB's by now and
+        // this is the last step where we transfer the active om.db contents
+        DBCheckpoint finalCheckpoint = getCheckpoint(tmpdir,true);
+        // unlimited files as we want the Active DB contents to be transferred 
in a single batch
+        maxTotalSstSize = Long.MAX_VALUE;
+        Path checkpointDir = finalCheckpoint.getCheckpointLocation();
+        writeDBToArchive(copyFiles, sstFilesToExclude, checkpointDir,
+            maxTotalSstSize, archiveOutputStream, false, tmpdir);
+        allPathsToVisit.add(checkpointDir);
+        generateAndWriteHardlinkFile(checkpointDir, allPathsToVisit, 
archiveOutputStream);
+      }
+
+    } catch (Exception e) {
+      LOG.error("got exception writing to archive " + e);
+      throw e;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Generates a file containing hardlink information and writes it to the 
archive.
+   *
+   * @param checkpointDir Directory containing the checkpoint
+   * @param allPathsToVisit Set of all paths to visit for hardlink information
+   * @param archiveOutputStream Archive output stream
+   * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs
+   */
+  private static void generateAndWriteHardlinkFile(Path checkpointDir, 
Set<Path> allPathsToVisit,
+      ArchiveOutputStream<TarArchiveEntry> archiveOutputStream) throws 
IOException {
+    Path data = Files.createTempFile(DATA_PREFIX, DATA_SUFFIX);
+    Path metaDirPath = getMetaDirPath(checkpointDir);
+    int truncateLength = metaDirPath.toString().length() + 1;
+    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
+
+    for (Path path : allPathsToVisit) {
+      try (Stream<Path> files = Files.walk(path)) {
+        Iterable<Path> iterable = files::iterator;
+        Iterator<Path> iterator = iterable.iterator();
+        for (; iterator.hasNext();) {
+          Path p = iterator.next();
+          String fileId = OmSnapshotUtils.getInodeAndMtime(p);
+          String relativePath = p.toString().substring(truncateLength);
+          sb.append(fileId).append("\t").append(relativePath).append("\n");
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    Files.write(data, sb.toString().getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
+    includeFile(data.toFile(), OmSnapshotManager.OM_HARDLINK_FILE, 
archiveOutputStream);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Gets the configuration from the OzoneManager context.
+   *
+   * @return OzoneConfiguration instance
+   */
+  private OzoneConfiguration getConf() {
+    return ((OzoneManager) getServletContext()
+        .getAttribute(OzoneConsts.OM_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE))
+        .getConfiguration();
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Collects paths to all snapshot databases.
+   *
+   * @param omMetadataManager OMMetadataManager instance
+   * @return Set of paths to snapshot databases
+   * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs
+   */
+  Set<Path> collectSnapshotPaths(OMMetadataManager omMetadataManager) throws 
IOException {
+    Set<Path> snapshotDbPaths = new HashSet<>();
+    SnapshotChainManager snapshotChainManager = new 
SnapshotChainManager(omMetadataManager);
+    for (SnapshotChainInfo snapInfo : 
snapshotChainManager.getGlobalSnapshotChain().values()) {
+      String snapshotDir =
+          OmSnapshotManager.getSnapshotPath(getConf(), 
SnapshotInfo.getCheckpointDirName(snapInfo.getSnapshotId()));
+      Path path = Paths.get(snapshotDir);
+      snapshotDbPaths.add(path);
+    }
+    return snapshotDbPaths;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Writes database files to the archive, handling deduplication based on 
inode IDs.
+   *
+   * @param copyFiles Map of inode IDs to file paths that have already been 
processed
+   * @param sstFilesToExclude Set of SST file IDs to exclude from the archive
+   * @param dbDir Directory containing database files to archive
+   * @param maxTotalSstSize Maximum total size of SST files to include
+   * @param archiveOutputStream Archive output stream
+   * @param hardlink Whether to link and include a file in tarball
+   * @param tmpDir Temporary directory for processing
+   * @return true if processing should continue, false if size limit reached
+   * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs
+   */
+  boolean writeDBToArchive(Map<String, Path> copyFiles,
+      Set<String> sstFilesToExclude, Path dbDir, long maxTotalSstSize,
+      ArchiveOutputStream<TarArchiveEntry> archiveOutputStream, boolean 
hardlink, Path tmpDir) throws IOException {
+    AtomicLong copySize = new AtomicLong(maxTotalSstSize);

Review Comment:
   We are resetting maxTotalSstSize for every directory this atomic long should 
be passed by the caller. This shouldn't be here.



##########
hadoop-ozone/ozone-manager/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/ozone/om/OMDBCheckpointServletInodeBasedXfer.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,237 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om;
+
+import static org.apache.hadoop.hdds.utils.Archiver.*;
+import static 
org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.OMConfigKeys.OZONE_OM_RATIS_SNAPSHOT_MAX_TOTAL_SST_SIZE_DEFAULT;
+import static 
org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.OMConfigKeys.OZONE_OM_RATIS_SNAPSHOT_MAX_TOTAL_SST_SIZE_KEY;
+import static org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.snapshot.OmSnapshotUtils.DATA_PREFIX;
+import static org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.snapshot.OmSnapshotUtils.DATA_SUFFIX;
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.OutputStream;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.Paths;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.Iterator;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
+import org.apache.commons.compress.archivers.ArchiveOutputStream;
+import org.apache.commons.compress.archivers.tar.TarArchiveEntry;
+import org.apache.hadoop.hdds.conf.OzoneConfiguration;
+import org.apache.hadoop.hdds.utils.db.DBCheckpoint;
+import org.apache.hadoop.ozone.OzoneConsts;
+import org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.helpers.SnapshotInfo;
+import org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.snapshot.OmSnapshotUtils;
+import org.apache.ozone.rocksdiff.RocksDBCheckpointDiffer;
+
+/**
+ * Specialized OMDBCheckpointServlet implementation that transfers Ozone 
Manager
+ * database checkpoints using inode-based deduplication.
+ * <p>
+ * This servlet constructs checkpoint archives by examining file inodes,
+ * ensuring that files with the same inode (i.e., hardlinks or duplicates)
+ * are only transferred once. It maintains mappings from inode IDs to file
+ * paths, manages hardlink information, and enforces snapshot and SST file
+ * size constraints as needed.
+ * <p>
+ * This approach optimizes checkpoint streaming by reducing redundant data
+ * transfer, especially in environments where RocksDB and snapshotting result
+ * in multiple hardlinks to the same physical data.
+ */
+public class OMDBCheckpointServletInodeBasedXfer extends OMDBCheckpointServlet 
{
+
+  @Override
+  public void writeDbDataToStream(DBCheckpoint checkpoint, HttpServletRequest 
request, OutputStream destination,
+      Set<String> sstFilesToExclude, Path tmpdir) throws IOException, 
InterruptedException {
+    // Key is the InodeID and the first encountered file path with this inodeID
+    Map<String, Path> copyFiles = new HashMap<>();
+    OzoneManager om = (OzoneManager) 
getServletContext().getAttribute(OzoneConsts.OM_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE);
+    OMMetadataManager omMetadataManager = om.getMetadataManager();
+    boolean includeSnapshotData = includeSnapshotData(request);
+    long maxTotalSstSize = 
getConf().getLong(OZONE_OM_RATIS_SNAPSHOT_MAX_TOTAL_SST_SIZE_KEY,
+        OZONE_OM_RATIS_SNAPSHOT_MAX_TOTAL_SST_SIZE_DEFAULT);
+    if (!includeSnapshotData) {
+      maxTotalSstSize = Long.MAX_VALUE;
+    }
+
+    boolean shouldContinue = true;
+
+    Set<Path> allPathsToVisit = new HashSet<>();
+    try (ArchiveOutputStream<TarArchiveEntry> archiveOutputStream = 
tar(destination)) {
+      if (includeSnapshotData) {
+        Set<Path> snapshotDbPaths = collectSnapshotPaths(omMetadataManager);
+        // Process each snapshot db path and write it to archive
+        for (Path snapshotDbPath : snapshotDbPaths) {
+          if (!shouldContinue) {
+            break;
+          }
+          shouldContinue = writeDBToArchive(copyFiles, sstFilesToExclude, 
snapshotDbPath,
+              maxTotalSstSize, archiveOutputStream, false, tmpdir);
+        }
+
+        RocksDBCheckpointDiffer differ = 
getDbStore().getRocksDBCheckpointDiffer();
+        Path sstBackupDir = new File(differ.getSSTBackupDir()).toPath();
+        Path compactionLogDir = new 
File(differ.getCompactionLogDir()).toPath();
+
+        if (shouldContinue) {
+          shouldContinue = writeDBToArchive(copyFiles, sstFilesToExclude, 
sstBackupDir,
+              maxTotalSstSize, archiveOutputStream, true, tmpdir);
+        }
+
+        if (shouldContinue) {
+          shouldContinue = writeDBToArchive(copyFiles, sstFilesToExclude, 
compactionLogDir,
+              maxTotalSstSize, archiveOutputStream, true, tmpdir);
+        }
+        // Add paths of snapshot databases, SST backups, and compaction logs 
to visit list
+        allPathsToVisit.addAll(snapshotDbPaths);
+        allPathsToVisit.add(sstBackupDir);
+        allPathsToVisit.add(compactionLogDir);
+      }
+
+      if (shouldContinue) {
+        // we finished transferring files from snapshot DB's by now and
+        // this is the last step where we transfer the active om.db contents
+        DBCheckpoint finalCheckpoint = getCheckpoint(tmpdir,true);
+        // unlimited files as we want the Active DB contents to be transferred 
in a single batch
+        maxTotalSstSize = Long.MAX_VALUE;
+        Path checkpointDir = finalCheckpoint.getCheckpointLocation();
+        writeDBToArchive(copyFiles, sstFilesToExclude, checkpointDir,
+            maxTotalSstSize, archiveOutputStream, false, tmpdir);
+        allPathsToVisit.add(checkpointDir);
+        generateAndWriteHardlinkFile(checkpointDir, allPathsToVisit, 
archiveOutputStream);

Review Comment:
   Generation of HardLinkFile can be done based on that



##########
hadoop-ozone/ozone-manager/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/ozone/om/OMDBCheckpointServletInodeBasedXfer.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,237 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om;
+
+import static org.apache.hadoop.hdds.utils.Archiver.*;
+import static 
org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.OMConfigKeys.OZONE_OM_RATIS_SNAPSHOT_MAX_TOTAL_SST_SIZE_DEFAULT;
+import static 
org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.OMConfigKeys.OZONE_OM_RATIS_SNAPSHOT_MAX_TOTAL_SST_SIZE_KEY;
+import static org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.snapshot.OmSnapshotUtils.DATA_PREFIX;
+import static org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.snapshot.OmSnapshotUtils.DATA_SUFFIX;
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.OutputStream;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.Paths;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.Iterator;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
+import org.apache.commons.compress.archivers.ArchiveOutputStream;
+import org.apache.commons.compress.archivers.tar.TarArchiveEntry;
+import org.apache.hadoop.hdds.conf.OzoneConfiguration;
+import org.apache.hadoop.hdds.utils.db.DBCheckpoint;
+import org.apache.hadoop.ozone.OzoneConsts;
+import org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.helpers.SnapshotInfo;
+import org.apache.hadoop.ozone.om.snapshot.OmSnapshotUtils;
+import org.apache.ozone.rocksdiff.RocksDBCheckpointDiffer;
+
+/**
+ * Specialized OMDBCheckpointServlet implementation that transfers Ozone 
Manager
+ * database checkpoints using inode-based deduplication.
+ * <p>
+ * This servlet constructs checkpoint archives by examining file inodes,
+ * ensuring that files with the same inode (i.e., hardlinks or duplicates)
+ * are only transferred once. It maintains mappings from inode IDs to file
+ * paths, manages hardlink information, and enforces snapshot and SST file
+ * size constraints as needed.
+ * <p>
+ * This approach optimizes checkpoint streaming by reducing redundant data
+ * transfer, especially in environments where RocksDB and snapshotting result
+ * in multiple hardlinks to the same physical data.
+ */
+public class OMDBCheckpointServletInodeBasedXfer extends OMDBCheckpointServlet 
{
+
+  @Override
+  public void writeDbDataToStream(DBCheckpoint checkpoint, HttpServletRequest 
request, OutputStream destination,
+      Set<String> sstFilesToExclude, Path tmpdir) throws IOException, 
InterruptedException {
+    // Key is the InodeID and the first encountered file path with this inodeID
+    Map<String, Path> copyFiles = new HashMap<>();
+    OzoneManager om = (OzoneManager) 
getServletContext().getAttribute(OzoneConsts.OM_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE);
+    OMMetadataManager omMetadataManager = om.getMetadataManager();
+    boolean includeSnapshotData = includeSnapshotData(request);
+    long maxTotalSstSize = 
getConf().getLong(OZONE_OM_RATIS_SNAPSHOT_MAX_TOTAL_SST_SIZE_KEY,
+        OZONE_OM_RATIS_SNAPSHOT_MAX_TOTAL_SST_SIZE_DEFAULT);
+    if (!includeSnapshotData) {
+      maxTotalSstSize = Long.MAX_VALUE;
+    }
+
+    boolean shouldContinue = true;
+
+    Set<Path> allPathsToVisit = new HashSet<>();
+    try (ArchiveOutputStream<TarArchiveEntry> archiveOutputStream = 
tar(destination)) {
+      if (includeSnapshotData) {
+        Set<Path> snapshotDbPaths = collectSnapshotPaths(omMetadataManager);
+        // Process each snapshot db path and write it to archive
+        for (Path snapshotDbPath : snapshotDbPaths) {
+          if (!shouldContinue) {
+            break;
+          }
+          shouldContinue = writeDBToArchive(copyFiles, sstFilesToExclude, 
snapshotDbPath,
+              maxTotalSstSize, archiveOutputStream, false, tmpdir);
+        }
+
+        RocksDBCheckpointDiffer differ = 
getDbStore().getRocksDBCheckpointDiffer();
+        Path sstBackupDir = new File(differ.getSSTBackupDir()).toPath();
+        Path compactionLogDir = new 
File(differ.getCompactionLogDir()).toPath();
+
+        if (shouldContinue) {
+          shouldContinue = writeDBToArchive(copyFiles, sstFilesToExclude, 
sstBackupDir,
+              maxTotalSstSize, archiveOutputStream, true, tmpdir);
+        }
+
+        if (shouldContinue) {
+          shouldContinue = writeDBToArchive(copyFiles, sstFilesToExclude, 
compactionLogDir,
+              maxTotalSstSize, archiveOutputStream, true, tmpdir);
+        }
+        // Add paths of snapshot databases, SST backups, and compaction logs 
to visit list
+        allPathsToVisit.addAll(snapshotDbPaths);
+        allPathsToVisit.add(sstBackupDir);
+        allPathsToVisit.add(compactionLogDir);
+      }
+
+      if (shouldContinue) {
+        // we finished transferring files from snapshot DB's by now and
+        // this is the last step where we transfer the active om.db contents
+        DBCheckpoint finalCheckpoint = getCheckpoint(tmpdir,true);
+        // unlimited files as we want the Active DB contents to be transferred 
in a single batch
+        maxTotalSstSize = Long.MAX_VALUE;
+        Path checkpointDir = finalCheckpoint.getCheckpointLocation();
+        writeDBToArchive(copyFiles, sstFilesToExclude, checkpointDir,
+            maxTotalSstSize, archiveOutputStream, false, tmpdir);
+        allPathsToVisit.add(checkpointDir);
+        generateAndWriteHardlinkFile(checkpointDir, allPathsToVisit, 
archiveOutputStream);

Review Comment:
   Why do we need to do a directory listing again? We could have done this 
while copying the files right?



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