lszskye commented on code in PR #394:
URL: https://github.com/apache/paimon-cpp/pull/394#discussion_r4237332965


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src/paimon/common/global_index/sorted_file_global_index_reader.cpp:
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@@ -0,0 +1,273 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "paimon/common/global_index/sorted_file_global_index_reader.h"
+
+#include <limits>
+#include <optional>
+#include <utility>
+
+#include "paimon/common/global_index/union_global_index_reader.h"
+#include "paimon/common/predicate/like_optimization.h"
+#include "paimon/global_index/bitmap_global_index_result.h"
+#include "paimon/utils/roaring_bitmap64.h"
+
+namespace paimon {
+namespace {
+
+std::shared_ptr<GlobalIndexResult> EmptyResult() {
+    return std::make_shared<BitmapGlobalIndexResult>([]() { return 
RoaringBitmap64(); });
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+
+SortedFileGlobalIndexReader::SortedFileGlobalIndexReader(
+    std::unique_ptr<SortedFileMetaSelector> file_selector, int64_t 
fallback_scan_max_size,
+    std::shared_ptr<Executor> executor)
+    : file_selector_(std::move(file_selector)),
+      fallback_scan_max_size_(fallback_scan_max_size),
+      executor_(std::move(executor)) {}
+
+Result<std::shared_ptr<GlobalIndexResult>> 
SortedFileGlobalIndexReader::VisitIsNotNull() {
+    return VisitParallel(
+        [this]() { return file_selector_->VisitIsNotNull(); },
+        [](const std::shared_ptr<GlobalIndexReader>& reader) { return 
reader->VisitIsNotNull(); });
+}
+
+Result<std::shared_ptr<GlobalIndexResult>> 
SortedFileGlobalIndexReader::VisitIsNull() {
+    return VisitParallel(
+        [this]() { return file_selector_->VisitIsNull(); },
+        [](const std::shared_ptr<GlobalIndexReader>& reader) { return 
reader->VisitIsNull(); });
+}
+
+Result<std::shared_ptr<GlobalIndexResult>> 
SortedFileGlobalIndexReader::VisitEqual(
+    const Literal& literal) {
+    return VisitParallel([this, &literal]() { return 
file_selector_->VisitEqual(literal); },
+                         [&literal](const std::shared_ptr<GlobalIndexReader>& 
reader) {
+                             return reader->VisitEqual(literal);
+                         });
+}
+
+Result<std::shared_ptr<GlobalIndexResult>> 
SortedFileGlobalIndexReader::VisitNotEqual(
+    const Literal& literal) {
+    return VisitParallel([this, &literal]() { return 
file_selector_->VisitNotEqual(literal); },
+                         [&literal](const std::shared_ptr<GlobalIndexReader>& 
reader) {
+                             return reader->VisitNotEqual(literal);
+                         });
+}
+
+Result<std::shared_ptr<GlobalIndexResult>> 
SortedFileGlobalIndexReader::VisitLessThan(
+    const Literal& literal) {
+    if (literal.IsNull() || fallback_scan_max_size_ <= 0) {
+        return std::shared_ptr<GlobalIndexResult>(nullptr);
+    }
+    return VisitFallbackParallel(
+        [this, &literal]() { return file_selector_->VisitLessThan(literal); },
+        [&literal](const std::shared_ptr<GlobalIndexReader>& reader) {
+            return reader->VisitLessThan(literal);
+        });
+}
+
+Result<std::shared_ptr<GlobalIndexResult>> 
SortedFileGlobalIndexReader::VisitLessOrEqual(
+    const Literal& literal) {
+    if (literal.IsNull() || fallback_scan_max_size_ <= 0) {
+        return std::shared_ptr<GlobalIndexResult>(nullptr);
+    }
+    return VisitFallbackParallel(
+        [this, &literal]() { return file_selector_->VisitLessOrEqual(literal); 
},
+        [&literal](const std::shared_ptr<GlobalIndexReader>& reader) {
+            return reader->VisitLessOrEqual(literal);
+        });
+}
+
+Result<std::shared_ptr<GlobalIndexResult>> 
SortedFileGlobalIndexReader::VisitGreaterThan(
+    const Literal& literal) {
+    if (literal.IsNull() || fallback_scan_max_size_ <= 0) {
+        return std::shared_ptr<GlobalIndexResult>(nullptr);
+    }
+    return VisitFallbackParallel(
+        [this, &literal]() { return file_selector_->VisitGreaterThan(literal); 
},
+        [&literal](const std::shared_ptr<GlobalIndexReader>& reader) {
+            return reader->VisitGreaterThan(literal);
+        });
+}
+
+Result<std::shared_ptr<GlobalIndexResult>> 
SortedFileGlobalIndexReader::VisitGreaterOrEqual(
+    const Literal& literal) {
+    if (literal.IsNull() || fallback_scan_max_size_ <= 0) {
+        return std::shared_ptr<GlobalIndexResult>(nullptr);
+    }
+    return VisitFallbackParallel(
+        [this, &literal]() { return 
file_selector_->VisitGreaterOrEqual(literal); },
+        [&literal](const std::shared_ptr<GlobalIndexReader>& reader) {
+            return reader->VisitGreaterOrEqual(literal);
+        });
+}
+
+Result<std::shared_ptr<GlobalIndexResult>> 
SortedFileGlobalIndexReader::VisitIn(
+    const std::vector<Literal>& literals) {
+    return VisitParallel([this, &literals]() { return 
file_selector_->VisitIn(literals); },
+                         [&literals](const std::shared_ptr<GlobalIndexReader>& 
reader) {
+                             return reader->VisitIn(literals);
+                         });
+}
+
+Result<std::shared_ptr<GlobalIndexResult>> 
SortedFileGlobalIndexReader::VisitNotIn(
+    const std::vector<Literal>& literals) {
+    return VisitParallel([this, &literals]() { return 
file_selector_->VisitNotIn(literals); },
+                         [&literals](const std::shared_ptr<GlobalIndexReader>& 
reader) {
+                             return reader->VisitNotIn(literals);
+                         });
+}
+
+Result<std::shared_ptr<GlobalIndexResult>> 
SortedFileGlobalIndexReader::VisitStartsWith(
+    const Literal& prefix) {
+    if (prefix.IsNull() || prefix.GetType() != FieldType::STRING) {
+        return std::shared_ptr<GlobalIndexResult>(nullptr);
+    }
+    return VisitParallel([this, &prefix]() { return 
file_selector_->VisitStartsWith(prefix); },
+                         [&prefix](const std::shared_ptr<GlobalIndexReader>& 
reader) {
+                             return reader->VisitStartsWith(prefix);
+                         });
+}
+
+Result<std::shared_ptr<GlobalIndexResult>> 
SortedFileGlobalIndexReader::VisitEndsWith(
+    const Literal& suffix) {
+    if (suffix.IsNull() || suffix.GetType() != FieldType::STRING || 
fallback_scan_max_size_ <= 0) {
+        return std::shared_ptr<GlobalIndexResult>(nullptr);
+    }
+    return VisitFallbackParallel(
+        [this, &suffix]() { return file_selector_->VisitEndsWith(suffix); },
+        [&suffix](const std::shared_ptr<GlobalIndexReader>& reader) {
+            return reader->VisitEndsWith(suffix);
+        });
+}
+
+Result<std::shared_ptr<GlobalIndexResult>> 
SortedFileGlobalIndexReader::VisitContains(
+    const Literal& literal) {
+    if (literal.IsNull() || literal.GetType() != FieldType::STRING ||
+        fallback_scan_max_size_ <= 0) {
+        return std::shared_ptr<GlobalIndexResult>(nullptr);
+    }
+    return VisitFallbackParallel(
+        [this, &literal]() { return file_selector_->VisitContains(literal); },
+        [&literal](const std::shared_ptr<GlobalIndexReader>& reader) {
+            return reader->VisitContains(literal);
+        });
+}
+
+Result<std::shared_ptr<GlobalIndexResult>> 
SortedFileGlobalIndexReader::VisitLike(
+    const Literal& literal) {
+    if (literal.IsNull() || literal.GetType() != FieldType::STRING) {
+        return std::shared_ptr<GlobalIndexResult>(nullptr);
+    }
+    std::optional<OptimizedLike> optimized = 
LikeOptimization::TryOptimize(literal);
+    if (optimized.has_value()) {
+        switch (optimized->function->GetType()) {
+            case Function::Type::EQUAL:
+                return VisitEqual(optimized->literal);
+            case Function::Type::STARTS_WITH:
+                return VisitStartsWith(optimized->literal);
+            case Function::Type::ENDS_WITH:
+                return VisitEndsWith(optimized->literal);
+            case Function::Type::CONTAINS:
+                return VisitContains(optimized->literal);
+            default:
+                return std::shared_ptr<GlobalIndexResult>(nullptr);
+        }
+    }
+    if (fallback_scan_max_size_ <= 0) {
+        return std::shared_ptr<GlobalIndexResult>(nullptr);
+    }
+    return VisitFallbackParallel([this, &literal]() { return 
file_selector_->VisitLike(literal); },
+                                 [&literal](const 
std::shared_ptr<GlobalIndexReader>& reader) {
+                                     return reader->VisitLike(literal);
+                                 });
+}
+
+Result<std::shared_ptr<GlobalIndexResult>> 
SortedFileGlobalIndexReader::VisitParallel(
+    SelectAction select_files, ReaderAction visitor) {
+    PAIMON_ASSIGN_OR_RAISE(std::vector<GlobalIndexIOMeta> selected_files, 
select_files());
+    return VisitSelectedFiles(selected_files, std::move(visitor));
+}
+
+Result<std::shared_ptr<GlobalIndexResult>> 
SortedFileGlobalIndexReader::VisitFallbackParallel(
+    SelectAction select_files, ReaderAction visitor) {
+    PAIMON_ASSIGN_OR_RAISE(std::vector<GlobalIndexIOMeta> selected_files, 
select_files());
+    if (selected_files.empty()) {
+        return EmptyResult();
+    }
+    if (!FallbackScanEnabled(selected_files)) {
+        return std::shared_ptr<GlobalIndexResult>(nullptr);
+    }

Review Comment:
   Returning nullptr here means that the index cannot evaluate the predicate 
within the fallback scan budget, not that there are no matching rows. However, 
UnionGlobalIndexReader::Union() currently skips nullptr results.
   Since GlobalIndexScanImpl unions readers across different row ranges, this 
can cause false negatives. For example, when querying >= "Y":
   - Range A contains [A, B] and returns an empty bitmap after metadata pruning.
   - Range B contains [Y, Z], but its selected index files exceed the scan 
budget, so it returns nullptr.
   The outer Union returns an empty bitmap, incorrectly excluding the matching 
rows in range B.



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