133tosakarin commented on PR #1168:
URL: https://github.com/apache/ratis/pull/1168#issuecomment-2421296617

   Consider a real-world scenario:
   
   The leader, while executing **synchronized changeToFollower(...)**, calls 
future.join() to wait for all logAppender tasks to complete. However, at that 
moment, the logAppender might already be blocked, waiting to acquire the lock 
held by changeToFollower. This situation leads to a deadlock.
   
   Previously, we made a change to return a future from the shutdown method (it 
didn't have a return value before), but we overlooked an important aspect: the 
fact that synchronized is reentrant. Even if we release the lock held at the 
changeToFollower level, the upper-layer locks are still in place. Therefore, we 
need to ensure that all upper-layer locks are fully released before executing 
future.join.


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