aruggero commented on code in PR #3418:
URL: https://github.com/apache/solr/pull/3418#discussion_r2282280820


##########
solr/core/src/java/org/apache/solr/search/combine/ReciprocalRankFusion.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,252 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.solr.search.combine;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.StringJoiner;
+import org.apache.lucene.document.Document;
+import org.apache.lucene.search.Explanation;
+import org.apache.lucene.search.Query;
+import org.apache.lucene.search.TotalHits;
+import org.apache.solr.common.params.CombinerParams;
+import org.apache.solr.common.params.SolrParams;
+import org.apache.solr.common.util.NamedList;
+import org.apache.solr.common.util.SimpleOrderedMap;
+import org.apache.solr.handler.component.ShardDoc;
+import org.apache.solr.schema.IndexSchema;
+import org.apache.solr.search.DocIterator;
+import org.apache.solr.search.DocList;
+import org.apache.solr.search.DocSlice;
+import org.apache.solr.search.QueryResult;
+import org.apache.solr.search.SolrDocumentFetcher;
+import org.apache.solr.search.SolrIndexSearcher;
+import org.apache.solr.search.SortedIntDocSet;
+
+/**
+ * The ReciprocalRankFusion class implements a query and response combiner 
that uses the Reciprocal
+ * Rank Fusion (RRF) algorithm to combine multiple ranked lists into a single 
ranked list.
+ */
+public class ReciprocalRankFusion extends QueryAndResponseCombiner {
+
+  private int k;
+
+  public int getK() {
+    return k;
+  }
+
+  public ReciprocalRankFusion() {
+    this.k = CombinerParams.COMBINER_RRF_K_DEFAULT;
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public void init(NamedList<?> args) {
+    Object kParam = args.get("k");
+    if (kParam != null) {
+      this.k = Integer.parseInt(kParam.toString());
+    }
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public QueryResult combine(List<QueryResult> rankedLists, SolrParams 
solrParams) {
+    int kVal = solrParams.getInt(CombinerParams.COMBINER_RRF_K, this.k);
+    List<DocList> docLists = getDocListsFromQueryResults(rankedLists);
+    QueryResult combinedResult = new QueryResult();
+    combineResults(combinedResult, docLists, false, kVal);
+    return combinedResult;
+  }
+
+  private static List<DocList> getDocListsFromQueryResults(List<QueryResult> 
rankedLists) {
+    List<DocList> docLists = new ArrayList<>(rankedLists.size());
+    for (QueryResult rankedList : rankedLists) {
+      docLists.add(rankedList.getDocList());
+    }
+    return docLists;
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public List<ShardDoc> combine(Map<String, List<ShardDoc>> shardDocMap, 
SolrParams solrParams) {
+    int kVal = solrParams.getInt(CombinerParams.COMBINER_RRF_K, this.k);
+    HashMap<String, Float> docIdToScore = new HashMap<>();
+    Map<String, ShardDoc> docIdToShardDoc = new HashMap<>();
+    List<ShardDoc> finalShardDocList = new ArrayList<>();
+    for (Map.Entry<String, List<ShardDoc>> shardDocEntry : 
shardDocMap.entrySet()) {
+      List<ShardDoc> shardDocList = shardDocEntry.getValue();
+      int ranking = 1;
+      while (ranking <= shardDocList.size()) {
+        String docId = shardDocList.get(ranking - 1).id.toString();
+        docIdToShardDoc.put(docId, shardDocList.get(ranking - 1));
+        float rrfScore = 1f / (kVal + ranking);
+        docIdToScore.compute(docId, (id, score) -> (score == null) ? rrfScore 
: score + rrfScore);
+        ranking++;
+      }
+    }
+    List<Map.Entry<String, Float>> sortedByScoreDescending =
+        docIdToScore.entrySet().stream()
+            .sorted(Collections.reverseOrder(Map.Entry.comparingByValue()))
+            .toList();
+    for (Map.Entry<String, Float> scoredDoc : sortedByScoreDescending) {
+      String docId = scoredDoc.getKey();
+      Float score = scoredDoc.getValue();
+      ShardDoc shardDoc = docIdToShardDoc.get(docId);
+      shardDoc.score = score;
+      finalShardDocList.add(shardDoc);
+    }
+    return finalShardDocList;
+  }
+
+  private Map<Integer, Integer[]> combineResults(
+      QueryResult combinedRankedList,
+      List<DocList> rankedLists,
+      boolean saveRankPositionsForExplain,
+      int kVal) {
+    Map<Integer, Integer[]> docIdToRanks = null;
+    HashMap<Integer, Float> docIdToScore = new HashMap<>();
+    long totalMatches = 0;
+    for (DocList rankedList : rankedLists) {
+      DocIterator docs = rankedList.iterator();
+      totalMatches = Math.max(totalMatches, rankedList.matches());

Review Comment:
   @ercsonusharma could you explain to me what totalMatches represents and why 
it is computed in this way?



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