sstults opened a new pull request, #5321:
URL: https://github.com/apache/solr/pull/5321

   https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/SOLR-3191
   
   # Description
   
   Adds field exclusions to `fl`: `fl=-title` returns every field except 
`title`, and `fl=*,-attr_*` returns every field except those matching `attr_*`. 
This is a rework of my earlier patch for apache/lucene-solr#271, taking up 
dsmiley's request there to bring it to `main`.
   
   The original patch rewrote the `fl` parser in `SolrReturnFields`. The parser 
on `main` has changed enough that this is no longer needed, so this PR has no 
refactoring in it.
   
   The `fl` section of the Ref Guide documents the new syntax.
   
   # Solution
   
   `SolrReturnFields` parses a leading `-` followed by a field name or glob as 
an exclusion. An exclusion list with no inclusions is treated as `*` plus the 
exclusions. That case is converted to a `*` glob, so the response writers, 
`SolrDocumentFetcher` and the export writer, which already handle globs, need 
no changes.
   
   - Exclusions subtract only from `*` and glob matches. A field named 
explicitly is still returned.
   - When `fl` has explicit fields but no glob, exclusions have no effect, as 
in the original patch.
   - A leading `-` that is not a field name or glob, such as `-1`, is still 
parsed as a function.
   
   I used Claude Code to port the patch to the current parser, to write the 
tests and to write the Ref Guide text. I reviewed and ran the result.
   
   # Tests
   
   Added `ReturnFieldsTest.testExclusions`, covering:
   
   - exclusion alone
   - `*` with literal and glob exclusions
   - hyphenated field names
   - exclusions alongside explicit fields and globs
   - pseudo-fields (`score`)
   - a leading `-` parsed as a function
   
   `./gradlew check` passes. I also built the Ref Guide locally 
(`buildLocalAntoraSite`) and checked the rendered `fl` section, which is how I 
found and fixed `*` characters being read as bold markup.
   
   # Checklist
   
   - [x] I have reviewed the guidelines for [How to 
Contribute](https://github.com/apache/solr/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.md) and my 
code conforms to the standards described there to the best of my ability.
   - [x] I have created a Jira issue and added the issue ID to my pull request 
title.
   - [x] I have given Solr maintainers 
[access](https://help.github.com/en/articles/allowing-changes-to-a-pull-request-branch-created-from-a-fork)
 to contribute to my PR branch.
   - [x] I have developed this patch against the `main` branch.
   - [x] I have run `./gradlew check`.
   - [x] I have added a [changelog 
entry](https://github.com/apache/solr/blob/main/dev-docs/changelog.adoc) for my 
change
   


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