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https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/SPARK-43718?page=com.atlassian.jira.plugin.system.issuetabpanels:comment-tabpanel&focusedCommentId=17725143#comment-17725143
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Bruce Robbins commented on SPARK-43718:
---------------------------------------

PR here: https://github.com/apache/spark/pull/41267

> References to a specific side's key in a USING join can have wrong nullability
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>                 Key: SPARK-43718
>                 URL: https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/SPARK-43718
>             Project: Spark
>          Issue Type: Bug
>          Components: SQL
>    Affects Versions: 3.3.2, 3.4.0, 3.5.0
>            Reporter: Bruce Robbins
>            Priority: Major
>              Labels: correctness
>
> Assume this data:
> {noformat}
> create or replace temp view t1 as values (1), (2), (3) as (c1);
> create or replace temp view t2 as values (2), (3), (4) as (c1);
> {noformat}
> The following query produces incorrect results:
> {noformat}
> spark-sql (default)> select explode(array(t1.c1, t2.c1)) as x1
> from t1
> full outer join t2
> using (c1);
> 1
> -1      <== should be null
> 2
> 2
> 3
> 3
> -1      <== should be null
> 4
> Time taken: 0.663 seconds, Fetched 8 row(s)
> spark-sql (default)> 
> {noformat}
> Similar issues occur with right outer join and left outer join.
> {{t1.c1}} and {{t2.c1}} have the wrong nullability at the time the array is 
> resolved, so the array's {{containsNull}} value is incorrect.
> Queries that don't use arrays also can get wrong results. Assume this data:
> {noformat}
> create or replace temp view t1 as values (0), (1), (2) as (c1);
> create or replace temp view t2 as values (1), (2), (3) as (c1);
> create or replace temp view t3 as values (1, 2), (3, 4), (4, 5) as (a, b);
> {noformat}
> The following query produces incorrect results:
> {noformat}
> select t1.c1 as t1_c1, t2.c1 as t2_c1, b
> from t1
> full outer join t2
> using (c1),
> lateral (
>   select b
>   from t3
>   where a = coalesce(t2.c1, 1)
> ) lt3;
> 1     1       2
> NULL  3       4
> Time taken: 2.395 seconds, Fetched 2 row(s)
> spark-sql (default)> 
> {noformat}
> The result should be the following:
> {noformat}
> 0     NULL    2
> 1     1       2
> NULL  3       4
> {noformat}



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