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https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/XERCESJ-1602?page=com.atlassian.jira.plugin.system.issuetabpanels:comment-tabpanel&focusedCommentId=18142108#comment-18142108
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Elliotte Rusty Harold commented on XERCESJ-1602:
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### Pure XML vs. XHTML Compatibility
In pure XML, `<script></script>` and `<script/>` are semantically identical.
Any conforming XML parser treats self-closing tags and empty start/end tag
pairs as equivalent.
However, the statement in question originates from **W3C XHTML 1.0 Appendix C
("HTML Compatibility Guidelines")**.
### Why the Distinction Matters
When XHTML 1.0 was released, the goal was allowing documents written in XML
syntax to be served to legacy web browsers using an `text/html` MIME type
(rather than `application/xhtml+xml`).
HTML parsers (HTML4 and HTML5) do not parse XML. They follow SGML/HTML parsing
rules:
1. **HTML Void Elements** (e.g., `<img>`, `<br>`, `<input>`, `<meta>`,
`<link>`):
* HTML parsers recognize these elements as inherently empty.
* In XHTML, writing `<br />` or `<img src="..." />` works in both HTML and XML
parsers.
2. **HTML Non-Void Elements** (e.g., `<script>`, `<div>`, `<iframe>`,
`<textarea>`, `<title>`):
* HTML parsers do **not** recognize the self-closing `/` trailing slash on
non-void elements.
* If an HTML parser encounters `<script src="app.js" />`, it ignores the `/`
and treats it as an unclosed opening `<script>` tag. Everything following it in
the document gets parsed as inline JavaScript until it encounters an explicit
`</script>` end tag, breaking the entire page layout.
### Summary
* **Pure XML/XHTML Specs:** Any element can be self-closing (`<div/>` is valid
XML).
* **HTML Compatibility (Appendix C / `text/html` serving):** Non-void elements
**must** use an explicit closing tag (e.g., `<script></script>`, `<div/>` is
forbidden) so that standard HTML parsers can process the document correctly.
> Iframe element is serialized incorrectly
> ----------------------------------------
>
> Key: XERCESJ-1602
> URL: https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/XERCESJ-1602
> Project: Xerces2-J
> Issue Type: Bug
> Components: Serialization
> Affects Versions: 2.11.0
> Environment: java version "1.6.0_24"
> Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.6.0_24-b07)
> Java HotSpot(TM) Client VM (build 19.1-b02, mixed mode, sharing)
> Reporter: Nasir Hussain
> Assignee: Elliotte Rusty Harold
> Priority: Major
> Attachments: XercesTest.java
>
>
> when we try to serialize iframe element such as <iframe frameborder="0"
> height="250" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/w2CsEUn4ZuU";
> width="418"></iframe>
> The serialized output is:
> <iframe frameborder="0" height="250"
> src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/w2CsEUn4ZuU"; width="418" />
> This is invalid html after serialization, iframe element must be closed using
> '</iframe>' tag not by '/>'
> The sample code for reproducing this problem is attached on the issue.
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