Functionally, the overlap of WebDAV (and friends) and JSR-170 is practically 100%. You may see that one of the WebDAV implementations in jackrabbit is used to completely remote all JSR-170 API calls through WebDAV.
Which is very good news, since with JSR-170 you have a Java (and other languages) API and at the same time you have an already standardized transport protocol. I usually make the comparison with the servlet API and HTTP. regards, david