Hi Vasile, Thanks, yes I think that would help. Since I thought the comparator would be in a PIC, you could also fix it in software.
And correct, the yellow is the comparator output. Kind regards, Rob ________________________________ Van: [email protected] <[email protected]> namens vsurducan <[email protected]> Verzonden: zondag 20 maart 2022 06:56 Aan: [email protected] <[email protected]> Onderwerp: Re: [jallib] PWM serial audio transmission Congrats Rob, it looks good. :) Perhaps you need a positive feedback to the comparator ( resistor between comp output to + input) to kill the oscilations during falling edge? I assumed the yelow trace is the comparator output... On Sat 19 Mar 2022, 6:38 PM Rob CJ <[email protected]<mailto:[email protected]> wrote: Hi Hans, I did a short test. Luckily I had one CD4046 laying around. I did not have the right capacitors but I managed to build something. This is what I did (not all the details): -) Connect the PIC that generates the frequency to the input of the CD4046 -) Connect the VCO voltage of the CD4046 to an LM358. I use the LM358 as a comparator. On the other pin of the LM358 I connected a potentiometer so that I could set it just to the value that it does not go on when the low frequency from the PIC is received. -) I changed the PIC software slightly so that the frequencies are closer to each other. The frequencies where just a lucky shot. I attached 4 screenshots: -) Switching the PIC to the high frequency (blue line going low). You see that the response (output of the LM358, the yellow line) is within 100 us which is quite fast -) Switching the PIC to the low frequency. Here you see that first some pulses are generated before the output of the comparator is low and it takes some time. This can be handeld in software if you would use a PIC with a comparator for the reception. I had a capacitor connected to the input pin of the transmitting PIC. That did not help either but that can be fixed in the transmitting PIC too. -) The low frequency of 7.27 kHz -) The high frequency of 8.45 kHz I did not do much calculation, only used components that I had. What I could see is that the CD4046 nicely locked to the incoming signal. So it seems that this might work but no guarantee 🙂. Kind regards, Rob ________________________________ Van: [email protected]<mailto:[email protected]> <[email protected]<mailto:[email protected]>> namens vsurducan <[email protected]<mailto:[email protected]>> Verzonden: vrijdag 18 maart 2022 09:09 Aan: [email protected]<mailto:[email protected]> <[email protected]<mailto:[email protected]>> Onderwerp: Re: [jallib] PWM serial audio transmission PLL section of 4046 is not easily configurable. These two might help: https://www.ti.com/lit/an/slaa618/slaa618.pdf https://www.ti.com/lit/an/scha002a/scha002a.pdf On Fri, Mar 18, 2022 at 9:29 AM hans <[email protected]<mailto:[email protected]>> wrote: Hi Rob, I have some HEF4046's .( remaining stock from a friend who died too early) So i have to start study our advice. The more advices the better !! Thanks, Hans Op donderdag 17 maart 2022 om 19:23:05 UTC+1 schreef [email protected]<mailto:[email protected]>: Hi Hans, Maybe you should give my first suggestion a try. What you have been using with the modem IC was frequency shift keying (FSK), which was the same that I did with the PIC by generating a different frequency when a 0 or 1 is transmitted. So for decoding you can use the very inexpensive HEF4046 or 74HC4046 (costs less than 1 Euro). I found an application note where they use this for FSK Demodulation and Modulation. I do not know how fast it will respond to in frequency changes but my assumption is that it may be fast enough for your application. The IC does not need many external components. As I mentiond earlier, you can use the input voltage of the VCO of this IC on a comparator of the PIC to determine if a 0 or 1 is received. What this Phase Locked Loop IC does is that tries to lock onto the input signal by in increasing or decreasing its osciliator frequency. This increase or decrease is done by raising or lowering the VCO input signal (VCO stands for Voltage Controlled Oscillator). So by looking at the level of this VCO input signal you can determine if a 0 or 1 is received. In the attached application note you also see that when the input signal raises in frequency that the VCO input voltage goes up to follow that higher input frequency. You could still use the PIC for generating the FSK signal and use this IC for the demodulation of that signal. The frequency used in this application note it quite high but you can change that by using other values for the VCO by using a different capacitor. I also attached the datasheet of a HEF4046 so that you can see for which values which frequency is generated also known as center frequency. Kind regards, Rob ________________________________ Van: [email protected] <[email protected]> namens vsurducan <[email protected]> Verzonden: donderdag 17 maart 2022 14:07 Aan: [email protected] <[email protected]> Onderwerp: Re: [jallib] PWM serial audio transmission Rochester Electronics offers obsolete parts, however TCM3105 has an exorbitant price...:) If you sell your puppets, it might still be ok...an MP3 player with card is still less expensive. Best wishes, On Thu 17 Mar 2022, 8:13 AM hans <[email protected] wrote: Hi all, I tried the MT8870 a few years ago. I need to send data packets of 4 bytes, a start byte, a device byte and a high and low nibble. I used tone 15 as start byte, the second tone as device byte (0-15) 15 then two tones for the nibbles. That worked well but a DTMF tone should be 40 ms with a 20 ms delay.!!!!! If I compare that with the baud rate of MIDI (31250) which I use so far, then DTMF is much too slow. I then tried the TCM3105. Worked well but they are no longer made. A handful I've had from China were all broken. So… I'll keep controlling my puppets on MIDI for the time being and if spoken text is needed I'll control the MP3 player . I still hope one of you comes up with something different. Rregards Hans Op woensdag 16 maart 2022 om 19:09:43 UTC+1 schreef [email protected]: Hi Hans, Did I understand it right that it did work with DTMF tones and that you used a DTMF decoder? You can still purchase those, see: https://nl.aliexpress.com/item/1005002899831939.html?spm=a2g0o.productlist.0.0.64e440d3mgmq2f&algo_pvid=43e4a7ca-2bbd-43fb-b583-4d047ab197df&aem_p4p_detail=202203161104012985161769842740023335628&algo_exp_id=43e4a7ca-2bbd-43fb-b583-4d047ab197df-1&pdp_ext_f=%7B%22sku_id%22%3A%2212000022694629982%22%7D&pdp_pi=-1%3B0.97%3B-1%3B-1%40salePrice%3BEUR%3Bsearch-mainSearch [X]<https://nl.aliexpress.com/item/1005002899831939.html?spm=a2g0o.productlist.0.0.64e440d3mgmq2f&algo_pvid=43e4a7ca-2bbd-43fb-b583-4d047ab197df&aem_p4p_detail=202203161104012985161769842740023335628&algo_exp_id=43e4a7ca-2bbd-43fb-b583-4d047ab197df-1&pdp_ext_f=%7B%22sku_id%22%3A%2212000022694629982%22%7D&pdp_pi=-1%3B0.97%3B-1%3B-1%40salePrice%3BEUR%3Bsearch-mainSearch> 0.85US $ |DTMF MT8870 Voice decoding module phone module|Integrated Circuits| - AliExpress<https://nl.aliexpress.com/item/1005002899831939.html?spm=a2g0o.productlist.0.0.64e440d3mgmq2f&algo_pvid=43e4a7ca-2bbd-43fb-b583-4d047ab197df&aem_p4p_detail=202203161104012985161769842740023335628&algo_exp_id=43e4a7ca-2bbd-43fb-b583-4d047ab197df-1&pdp_ext_f=%7B%22sku_id%22%3A%2212000022694629982%22%7D&pdp_pi=-1%3B0.97%3B-1%3B-1%40salePrice%3BEUR%3Bsearch-mainSearch> Smarter Shopping, Better Living! Aliexpress.com nl.aliexpress.com<http://nl.aliexpress.com> I still have a fixed telephone line next to my mobile number and I was thinking of using such a device to get rid of these fake call centers that call 'from Windows' to tell me that I have problems with my computer. I thought that if I receive a number from abroad I could detect that with DTMF and pick up the phone and keep the line busy (or hang up). But I never started working on such a project but I did look for DTMF decoders. And if I would have purchased it, I could have made a JAL library out of it .... but no plans for now. So as we say in Dutch "I am making you happy with a dead sparrow" Kind regards, Rob ________________________________ Van: [email protected] <[email protected]> namens hans <[email protected]> Verzonden: woensdag 16 maart 2022 09:33 Aan: jallib <[email protected]> Onderwerp: Re: [jallib] PWM serial audio transmission Hi Rob, Kiste For now I'll stick with the old MIDI approach. I really hope there will be another audio option because with midi I can combine all kinds of music with actions but no speech. regards Hans Op zondag 27 februari 2022 om 13:22:35 UTC+1 schreef [email protected]: Hi Hans, Kiste, The POC (proof of concept) was just to create a trigger signal based on an audio tone. It was not meant as a way to store data with a certain bitrate. As I mentioned earlier, it measures the tone for 100 ms to determine if the tone is there (in my example I detect two different tones but that was just to see if that worked too) so the delay between the recording and the actual trigger (the detection of the tone) is at least (and more or less at most) 100 ms. Kind regards, Rob ________________________________ Van: 'Oliver Seitz' via jallib <[email protected]> Verzonden: zondag 27 februari 2022 11:16 Aan: [email protected] <[email protected]> Onderwerp: Re: [jallib] PWM serial audio transmission Sure, it is a proof-of-concept, not a product. I'm quite sure that 100, maybe 500 bytes per second are possible, but the firmware needs to use a diferent approach. This list is about libraries, and what you need is not easily or efficiently realised as a library, it's a project. I have some ideas how the coding and decoding could be done efficiently, but I presume I wouldn't use any library for that at all. So it wouldn't even make a good example for jallib ;-) Let me think a bit about designing the 8 pin encoder and decoder... Greets, Kiste Am Sonntag, 27. Februar 2022, 10:43:06 MEZ hat hans <[email protected]> Folgendes geschrieben: HI Kiste Unfortunately that is way too slow. I need to send and read a set of at least 9 bytes with an interval of no more than 3 seconds. regards Hans Op zondag 27 februari 2022 om 08:45:40 UTC+1 schreef Kiste: Hi Hans, sorry for chiming in again with another warning: Rob called the set of programs a "proof of concept", that is, it is not fit yet for your original idea. The design of the receiving program is *guaranteed*not*to*work* at a speed faster than 5 baud. I'd estimate, you could have serial data at 1 or 2 baud. That is five to ten seconds for one byte. Good thing is: You don't have to worry about mp3 at such a speed. The compression will not interfere with data sent that slow. Greets, Kiste Am Samstag, 26. Februar 2022, 19:32:09 MEZ hat hans <[email protected]> Folgendes geschrieben: Hi Kiste, Rob, I did en compiled the programs. Now`the next days ( inspite of carnaval) at work hans. Great Op zaterdag 26 februari 2022 om 17:22:57 UTC+1 schreef Kiste: Hi Hans, of course you can try, and it will work up to a certain speed. The 12F683 should work quite the same, but the oscillator speed setting is different. So you would have to... - include the correct device file. - comment out the line "pragma target IOSCFS F8MHZ ..." - add a line "OSCCON_IRCF=0b111" Then, the input of Timer1 needs a voltage that goes higher than 2/3 of the supply voltage. With audio equipment, you'll need a speaker output to reach such levels. Use a resistor (about 1k to 10k) between (+) of the speaker output and the chip's input pin. (-) of the speaker output must be connected to GND of the PIC. Be careful *NOT* to power the amplifier and the PIC from the same power supply device! The amplifier must be linear, a class-D amp will not work. Greets, Kiste Am Samstag, 26. Februar 2022, 16:39:20 MEZ hat hans <[email protected]> Folgendes geschrieben: Hi, I can try it right? Otherwise I can also take another player that can handle WAV. Unfortunately I only have some 12F683 lying around, the 12f615 which Rob used I do not know.. regards hans Op zaterdag 26 februari 2022 om 15:43:26 UTC+1 schreef Kiste: Oh... MP3 is terrible for digital data. If you can't use wav or another lossless format, make sure to use the highest possible bitrate. Also, that's another point not to record square waves, sine waves go through mp3 far better. However, crosstalk is less of a problem then :-) Greets, Kiste Am Samstag, 26. Februar 2022, 15:30:03 MEZ hat hans <[email protected]> Folgendes geschrieben: Here I am again. I don't use a cassette deck. After I have finished the audio/command files I just put them in MP3 on the well-known player. Wow, now trying Rob's test, but it will take me some time. Anyway fantastic again!! regards Hans Op zaterdag 26 februari 2022 om 12:02:49 UTC+1 schreef [email protected]: Hi Hans, I tested my proof of concept. I also attached the programs I used. In the given video you see the results. This is how it works and what the video shows: * The PIC on the left is the transmitter. It uses two inputs (via the wires that I connect to VCC or GND). One input enables the transmitter (orange wire), that is it starts sending a tone. With the second input (green wire) I can switch between a low tone and a high tone. * The PWM output of the transmitter (PIC on the left) is connected to the timer/counter input of timer 1 of the receiver PIC (PIC on the right). * The PIC on the right resets timer 1 then it starts a measurement for 100 ms after which it stops the measurement. Then it checks the value of timer 1 (which in fact counts the number of 'ticks' generated by the PWM frequency on its input) within a certain range. If this range is within the range of the low frequency, it will light up the yellow LED. If this range is within the range of the high frequence it will light up the green LED. If the counter value is outside these ranges (e.g. when there is no signal) both LEDs will be off. I am not sure if this is what you are looking for. I do not know if it also works if you would record the transmitted signal to a casette tape. Link to video: https://youtu.be/49DAT0BQuAc [X]<https://youtu.be/49DAT0BQuAc> Data via Tone<https://youtu.be/49DAT0BQuAc> For more information on JAL, visit: http://justanotherlanguage.org/ youtu.be<http://youtu.be> Kind regards, Rob ________________________________ Van: [email protected] <[email protected]> namens hans <[email protected]> Verzonden: zaterdag 26 februari 2022 11:37 Aan: jallib <[email protected]> Onderwerp: Re: [jallib] PWM serial audio transmission Hi, I'm using a 16f1827 with 8 ADC inputs that transmits the position of the elements with the help of a potentiometer via the uart and performs the movements. The audio track is recorded first and plays normally. At the same time, the control signals on the other track are sent via the ???????????? included. Afterwards I combine both tracks into a stereo signal, moving the playback position of the signals forward a bit to compensate for my reaction slowness. When played afterwards, the normal audio track goes to the amplifier and the other track to the ??????????? which then performs the movements. Op zaterdag 26 februari 2022 om 09:34:33 UTC+1 schreef Kiste: Hi Hans, that's about what I thought. I'm quite sure it can be done with a pic, one or two capacitors and three to five resistors (or two resistors and potentiometers). I'm just not sure yet what the best way would be. To keep things simple, you would probably want to build a transmitter with manual controls, and a receiver which controls the actual "show". That way, you can connect both modules to the tape recorder, and really see what the output does from tape, while recording the show. Greets, Kiste Am Samstag, 26. Februar 2022, 09:04:29 MEZ hat hans <[email protected]> Folgendes geschrieben: Hey, I get the impression that my question has not come across properly. I will use a regular stereo audio signal. One track contains music, speech and other normal sounds. The other track I want to use to record commands with which I can move servos, lights, etc. At first I thought to do this with DTMF but the MT8880 has died. Then I fiddled with the TCM3105, an old-fashioned modem chip, but that didn't work either. I then read something about PW application and hence my question. I've been messing around with PICs for a long time, but because I'm purely mechanical by nature, I have to limit myself to what I called LEGO work. You make the stones and I make grateful use of them. regards Hans Op zaterdag 26 februari 2022 om 07:41:46 UTC+1 schreef vasile: Rob, obviously will work. :) But it would be weird to use a bunch of external analog electronics. BTW, with a PIC you can do a class D amplifier... what perhaps Hans wanted is not far away: sampling and then digitizing via PWM. Other choices are possible as well. Success on any variant you'll choose! On Fri, Feb 25, 2022 at 7:58 PM Rob CJ <[email protected]> wrote: Hi Kiste, The reason that I think it still might work is because - what I mentioned previously - is that my Apple II I had built in the past also just worked with tones to store data (at that time only games 🙂). I copied a pice of the casette interface of the Apple II schematic diagram I found on the internet. What you see is that with an opamp the audio is input signal is converted to a digital signal and the rest of the processing is done in software. There is no special chip on the board to process this data stream. Also the data out is just a direct output of a flip-flop with some resistors to reduce the signal outpt but not even a low pass filter. The variations in cassette speed will result in a variation of the tone so if I use a tone range to detect the right tone it might work. Kind regards, Rob [X] ________________________________ Van: [email protected] <[email protected]> namens hans <[email protected]> Verzonden: vrijdag 25 februari 2022 16:20 Aan: jallib <[email protected]> Onderwerp: Re: [jallib] PWM serial audio transmission Hi Vasile, In my time a birth was still followed by a placenta, nowadays an iphone comes after. A long time ago I was infected by Wouter, Jal is even more persistent than corona, see http://www.voti.nl/setalk/n_index.html regards Hans Op vrijdag 25 februari 2022 om 13:34:14 UTC+1 schreef vasile: Hi Hans. Congratulations for your young mind! There aren't many people programming at your age. You are a great example! On Fri, Feb 25, 2022 at 10:16 AM hans <[email protected]> wrote: Hi Vasiele and others. I was born before the last world war and I suspect most of you after it. I hope it stays that way!! Great, I can study today again. Thank you. Op vrijdag 25 februari 2022 om 06:58:52 UTC+1 schreef vasile: Kiste, not only the ZX81 but Sinclair Spectrum and most of it's clones did the same. The biggest problem was the tape speed variation (among the volume variation which was corrected in romanian clones -and we had more than any, I recall 5 different types). Hans, on the actual PIC18 series on which JAL works ( presuming you will do with JAL) you might have some sampling speed issues. You need at least 7.5us for an ADC sample and according to Nyquist theorem you need not 2x ( which is pure theoretical) but at least 4x faster sampling than maximum frequency you are recording. After your AD is sampled, the PWM is not an issue, but you might experience a small delay between real recorded speech and the PWM filtered one. If you plan to add voice for your puppet, then limiting to 4KHz may be a good choice. best wishes, hopefully not WW III, but in pace for playing nice... On Thu, Feb 24, 2022 at 10:38 PM 'Oliver Seitz' via jallib <[email protected]> wrote: Hi Rob, connecting two PICs is not like an audio recording. Better connect the pic to your soundcard to record and then playback, that way you'll get something similar to a tape recorder. The difficulties when using audio equipment are (at least): - only alternating current is transmitted - the volume is never exactly the same - the frequency range is limited to like 100Hz-10kHz - the line level voltage is less than 1V Reading should be possible by most PICs which have comparators. Only a resistor is needed, then you can detect zero crossings. The Sinclair ZX81 used audio equipment as storage. A burst of three oscillations coded a zero, five coded a one. The output was low-pass filtered. You usually had to try loading a program several times, slightly adjusting the volume, until you got lucky. Greets, Kiste Am Donnerstag, 24. Februar 2022, 19:56:01 MEZ hat Rob CJ <[email protected]> Folgendes geschrieben: Hi Hans, If I understand you right the only thing you want to do is to record a signal or a sequence of signals on a casette player that can be used to trigger something when the recording is played back right? If my initial suggestion would work - which may work since I have the idea that my Apple II did more ore less the same thing - I could give it a try to do a proof of concept. I may have a the problem that I do not have a casette recorder but I could fake it by just connecting two PICs to see if that works. The final test could then be done by you. Which PIC type are you using? Kind regards, Rob ________________________________ Van: [email protected] <[email protected]> namens hans <[email protected]> Verzonden: donderdag 24 februari 2022 17:07 Aan: jallib <[email protected]> Onderwerp: Re: [jallib] PWM serial audio transmission Another piece of text: So far I've done everything with MIDI. I used one midi channel for the actions with a general command type. Then 2 data, one for the device nr (16) and one for the command. (0-128) This has worked well for years, but it does require a complete MIDI sound package. Op donderdag 24 februari 2022 om 16:55:46 UTC+1 schreef hans: Hey , I have tried a circuit with an MT8880 but the ICI has failed. I did hear the 16 tones, but when I wanted to receive them, the chip gave up the ghost. In theory I understand your suggestions well, but developing something like this is not easy for me. I'm just a LEGO builder. regards Hans Op woensdag 23 februari 2022 om 19:30:37 UTC+1 schreef [email protected]: Hi Hans, Kiste, You can still by DTMF decoders and I assume also DTMF encoders. Just look at for example Aliexpress and type DTMF. But another suggestion. Many, many years ago I had built an Apple II and I used cassette tapes to store and load games which was using tones generated by the Apple II itself using two tones, one for high, one for low and one as a lead-in tone (not sure in the lead-in tone was another tone) to synchronze the start of the recorded program. You would not need this lead-in tone in your case So I think it may not be that complex: -) For recording on casette, generate this dual tone by the PIC via PWM or maybe it is also sufficient to generate one tone in case of a 1 and no tone in case of a 0 but I think this will be less reliable. -) For playback, measure the length of the recorded PWM tone. If is is within a certain range you accept it as a one and in case of two tones the lower tone could be zero and the higher tone is one. As long as the tone frequency is not too high, I think this could work. A more advanced solution would be to use a phase locked loop (PLL) but I am not sure if it will work. The PLL locks to the input signal so the voltage that controls the oscillator goes up and down to follow (lock on to) the input signal and this oscillator voltage signal could then be used by a comparator of the PIC to detect a high or low tone. You can also use the oscillator of the IC to generate the two tones by controlling the oscillator voltage by the PIC. A typical IC for that is the HEF4046. I have used this IC many many years ago too. This solution may be bit over the top since you only want a kind of trigger signal But maybe the first solution is more doable. Just give it a try. Kind regards, Rob ________________________________ Van: 'Oliver Seitz' via jallib <[email protected]> Verzonden: woensdag 23 februari 2022 09:58 Aan: [email protected] <[email protected]> Onderwerp: Re: [jallib] PWM serial audio transmission Hi Hans, 20 years ago I would have suggested using DTMF, but the decoder chips are rare these days... PIC controllers include various peripherals which can be used to encode and decode DC-free signals (which, apart from the frequency below, say, 10kHz, is the requirement to be recorded as audio). On/off keying or frequency shift keying are the easiest, I think. Which chips are you going to use? Greets, Kiste Am Mittwoch, 23. Februar 2022, 09:15:43 MEZ hat hans <[email protected]> Folgendes geschrieben: Hello everyone, I have been trying for a long time to place a serial signal on one track of an audio recording which I can read afterwards. To make all kinds of things happen at the same time as the audio is played. I have now tried to do this with the old modem system ( TCM3105) but it failed hopelessly. I read that there are also systems to do this using PWM. Does anyone have an idea? regards Hans -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "jallib" group. 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