> What is the hypothesis for the velocity-based indicators? Is it that body in
> motion stays in motion, - i.e. momentum / trend following? Or, is it that the
> departure from the long term averages is bound to revert back to the mean?
>
> For some reason I thought the JBT strategies were based on the latter, 
> reversion
> to the long-term mean, view of the markets.
>

The hypothesis is actually what they teach in Economics 101: when
demand exceeds the supply, the prices go up, and when the supply
exceeds the demand, the prices go down. In JBT, the demand/supply is
measured by book balance. In a perfect, well-behaved world as
described by the economic principles, the trading strategy would be
straightforward: buy when book balance is high, and sell short when
book balance is low. In the real world, there are complications:

a) The limit book is noisy: in the ES market where about 2 million
contracts trade every day, there are a lot of participants with their
own agendas. Consequently, what should appear as clear relationships
gets obscured in noise.

b) The limit book is manipulated. Traders routinely "stuff" the limit
book to create an impression that the order flow is coming in a
certain direction while in fact they are taking positions in the
opposite direction.

c) There is a theory which postulates the principle that goes opposite
what the supply/demand principle states. What is says is that the
market will trade in the direction which will result into the greater
liquidity. For example, let's say the cumulative bid size is 100
contracts and the cumulative ask size is 1000  contracts. The economic
theory says, "sell, because supply outpaces the demand". The greater
liquidity theory says, "buy, because you can move 10 times more
contracts without moving the price".

These factors, among others, make it complicated to decipher what goes
on in terms of the relationship between the order book and the future
price. However, despite of these, there seem to be definitive and
persistent patters. If you look at any strategies which use Tension
indicator, and bring up the charts showing the indicator and the
price, it's unmistakable.

Well, I had to give this long answer, but the short answer is, yes,
all sample JBT strategies are effectively anti-trend.



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