IMHO, we need to rethink why we are creating so many layers and what those 
layers are abstracting for us.

If you are using actions then you are using JSF, since "action" is a JSF 
concept.  It can be argued that JSF already provides view separation through 
ViewHandlers and RenderKits.

The usual return type from an action is a String, which is not view-specific at 
all.  Look closely.  There is no web code in the action class.  It just returns 
a String that indicates a state change for the client view.  Isn't that a 
perfect way to hit the business layer?  Hit the black box and then tell me if 
my view state needs to change.

In J2EE 1.4, you wanted to carefully make sure that you didn't pass things like 
HttpSession or ServletRequest objects into an EJB.  With Seam/JSF, you 
generally don't have that problem.  It's actually a bit hard to pollute your 
EJB with view-specific stuff like that.

Part of the beauty of Seam is that you don't have to write those ugly business 
proxies that translate from the web layer to the business layer.  I say good 
riddance to that junk.  It just made J2EE into a clumsy mess.

So yes, it feels like you are doing something wrong because you aren't building 
layers all over the place.  In reality, Seam and JSF are taking care of that 
for you.  That's exactly what frameworks ought to do.

Stan


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