I have a bunch of stateless session beans running in JBoss 4.0.1sp1 which are 
being called by a Swing client via RMI. I would like the application to scale 
to hundreds of clients, and I'm beginning to look at performance tuning. So 
far, the results are encouraging; I've used Grinder 3 (incidentally a great 
tool: http://grinder.sourceforge.net) to simulate as many as 500 clients and 
things seem to hum along nicely. But I noticed a couple of things along the way.

When load is heavy, a significant amount of time is spent in the home.create() 
methods of the session beans. It turns out this is because I am calling 
create() before each individual call to each bean. This certainly doesn't seem 
right, but I am afraid to change it because I don't understand the behavior of 
the remote proxy with concurrency. Furthermore, changing this behavior in 
testing doesn't seem to reduce the load on the server in a detectable way. So, 
my questions:

1) What is the exact overhead of create() from a remote client? Is it always a 
socket connection? Is there any persistent cost to the server in terms of 
objects on the heap to manage the connection?

2) Is it safe to make multiple calls through the same proxy on multiple 
threads? Do I have to think about managing pools of them to save on create() 
calls, or can I just get one and use it freely?

3) More open-ended: what is the right pattern for implementing a multi-threaded 
client against stateless session beans? I'd like to comply with the anticipated 
EJB programming model, if only I could figure out what it is!

I hope someone finds this sort of thing interesting enough to comment.

Thanks,

 - moss

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