On 16/11/2015 17:48, Neil Bartlett wrote:
Alan,

In your consideration does the following declaration break encapsulation of a 
module, assuming that package “org.example.impl” is not exported?

        module foo {
                provides org.example.api.ServiceInterface with 
org.example.impl.ServiceImpl;
        }

This appears to allow the ServiceLoader to punch through encapsulation and 
obtain instances of a non-exported type.
Sure, but this just part of the support for services. In this example then the service provider is fully encapsulated. The consumer of the service can't access ServiceImpl, it instead accesses it via ServiceInterface (assuming of course that the consumer reads the module with ServiceInterface and org.example.api is exported to the consumer).

  How does this differ from a declaration that one might see in a Dependency 
Injection framework such as Spring? I.e. something like:

        <bean class=“org.example.impl.ServiceImpl”> …

There isn't way to give Spring super powers so this needs foo to export org.example.impl to Spring.

-Alan.

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