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https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/ARROW-9873?page=com.atlassian.jira.plugin.system.issuetabpanels:comment-tabpanel&focusedCommentId=17185601#comment-17185601
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Yibo Cai commented on ARROW-9873:
---------------------------------

*NOTE: this approach will cause performance regression in certain conditions.*
We need to find min/max values before deciding if we can use this counting 
method. If we finally find (max-min) is too large, that step is wasted and 
causes performance drop. This drop is trivial normally.
But it can be big in certain conditions: there are few distinct values, but 
sparsely distributed(max-min is big). In this condition, hash table will be 
very fast, so the penalty of finding min/max is non-trivial. Above 10% 
performance drop is observed per my test, see [test 
code|https://github.com/cyb70289/mytests/blob/master/cpp/minmax-penalty.cc].

> [C++][Compute] Improve mode kernel for intergers within limited value range
> ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>                 Key: ARROW-9873
>                 URL: https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/ARROW-9873
>             Project: Apache Arrow
>          Issue Type: Improvement
>          Components: C++
>            Reporter: Yibo Cai
>            Assignee: Yibo Cai
>            Priority: Major
>         Attachments: mode-range-skylake.png
>
>
> It's possible to improve mode kernel performance for integers within limited 
> value range by using a value indexed array instead of general hash table.
>  Similar trick is used in sorting kernel ARROW-1571.



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