jolshan commented on code in PR #13639:
URL: https://github.com/apache/kafka/pull/13639#discussion_r1204494016


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group-coordinator/src/main/java/org/apache/kafka/coordinator/group/GroupMetadataManager.java:
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@@ -0,0 +1,859 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.kafka.coordinator.group;
+
+import org.apache.kafka.common.Uuid;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.errors.ApiException;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.errors.FencedMemberEpochException;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.errors.GroupIdNotFoundException;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.errors.GroupMaxSizeReachedException;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.errors.InvalidRequestException;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.errors.NotCoordinatorException;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.errors.UnknownServerException;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.errors.UnsupportedAssignorException;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.message.ConsumerGroupHeartbeatRequestData;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.message.ConsumerGroupHeartbeatResponseData;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.requests.RequestContext;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.utils.LogContext;
+import org.apache.kafka.coordinator.group.assignor.PartitionAssignor;
+import org.apache.kafka.coordinator.group.assignor.PartitionAssignorException;
+import org.apache.kafka.coordinator.group.consumer.Assignment;
+import org.apache.kafka.coordinator.group.consumer.ConsumerGroup;
+import org.apache.kafka.coordinator.group.consumer.ConsumerGroupMember;
+import org.apache.kafka.coordinator.group.consumer.CurrentAssignmentBuilder;
+import org.apache.kafka.coordinator.group.consumer.TargetAssignmentBuilder;
+import org.apache.kafka.coordinator.group.consumer.TopicMetadata;
+import 
org.apache.kafka.coordinator.group.generated.ConsumerGroupCurrentMemberAssignmentKey;
+import 
org.apache.kafka.coordinator.group.generated.ConsumerGroupCurrentMemberAssignmentValue;
+import 
org.apache.kafka.coordinator.group.generated.ConsumerGroupMemberMetadataKey;
+import 
org.apache.kafka.coordinator.group.generated.ConsumerGroupMemberMetadataValue;
+import org.apache.kafka.coordinator.group.generated.ConsumerGroupMetadataKey;
+import org.apache.kafka.coordinator.group.generated.ConsumerGroupMetadataValue;
+import 
org.apache.kafka.coordinator.group.generated.ConsumerGroupPartitionMetadataKey;
+import 
org.apache.kafka.coordinator.group.generated.ConsumerGroupPartitionMetadataValue;
+import 
org.apache.kafka.coordinator.group.generated.ConsumerGroupTargetAssignmentMemberKey;
+import 
org.apache.kafka.coordinator.group.generated.ConsumerGroupTargetAssignmentMemberValue;
+import 
org.apache.kafka.coordinator.group.generated.ConsumerGroupTargetAssignmentMetadataKey;
+import 
org.apache.kafka.coordinator.group.generated.ConsumerGroupTargetAssignmentMetadataValue;
+import org.apache.kafka.image.TopicsImage;
+import org.apache.kafka.timeline.SnapshotRegistry;
+import org.apache.kafka.timeline.TimelineHashMap;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Optional;
+import java.util.OptionalInt;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.function.Function;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+
+import static 
org.apache.kafka.coordinator.group.RecordHelpers.newCurrentAssignmentRecord;
+import static 
org.apache.kafka.coordinator.group.RecordHelpers.newCurrentAssignmentTombstoneRecord;
+import static 
org.apache.kafka.coordinator.group.RecordHelpers.newGroupEpochRecord;
+import static 
org.apache.kafka.coordinator.group.RecordHelpers.newGroupSubscriptionMetadataRecord;
+import static 
org.apache.kafka.coordinator.group.RecordHelpers.newMemberSubscriptionRecord;
+import static 
org.apache.kafka.coordinator.group.RecordHelpers.newMemberSubscriptionTombstoneRecord;
+import static 
org.apache.kafka.coordinator.group.RecordHelpers.newTargetAssignmentTombstoneRecord;
+
+/**
+ * The GroupMetadataManager manages the metadata of all generic and consumer 
groups. It holds
+ * the hard and the soft state of the groups. This class has two kinds of 
methods:
+ * 1) The request handlers which handle the requests and generate a response 
and records to
+ *    mutate the hard state. Those records will be written by the runtime and 
applied to the
+ *    hard state via the replay methods.
+ * 2) The replay methods which apply records to the hard state. Those are used 
in the request
+ *    handling as well as during the initial loading of the records from the 
partitions.
+ */
+public class GroupMetadataManager {
+
+    public static class Builder {
+        private LogContext logContext = null;
+        private SnapshotRegistry snapshotRegistry = null;
+        private List<PartitionAssignor> assignors = null;
+        private TopicsImage topicsImage = null;
+        private int consumerGroupMaxSize = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+        private int consumerGroupHeartbeatIntervalMs = 5000;
+
+        Builder withLogContext(LogContext logContext) {
+            this.logContext = logContext;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        Builder withSnapshotRegistry(SnapshotRegistry snapshotRegistry) {
+            this.snapshotRegistry = snapshotRegistry;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        Builder withAssignors(List<PartitionAssignor> assignors) {
+            this.assignors = assignors;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        Builder withConsumerGroupMaxSize(int consumerGroupMaxSize) {
+            this.consumerGroupMaxSize = consumerGroupMaxSize;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        Builder withConsumerGroupHeartbeatInterval(int 
consumerGroupHeartbeatIntervalMs) {
+            this.consumerGroupHeartbeatIntervalMs = 
consumerGroupHeartbeatIntervalMs;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        Builder withTopicsImage(TopicsImage topicsImage) {
+            this.topicsImage = topicsImage;
+            return this;
+        }
+
+        GroupMetadataManager build() {
+            if (logContext == null) logContext = new LogContext();
+            if (snapshotRegistry == null) snapshotRegistry = new 
SnapshotRegistry(logContext);
+            if (topicsImage == null) topicsImage = TopicsImage.EMPTY;
+
+            if (assignors == null || assignors.isEmpty()) {
+                throw new IllegalStateException("Assignors must be set before 
building.");
+            }
+
+            return new GroupMetadataManager(
+                snapshotRegistry,
+                logContext,
+                assignors,
+                topicsImage,
+                consumerGroupMaxSize,
+                consumerGroupHeartbeatIntervalMs
+            );
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The logger.
+     */
+    private final Logger log;
+
+    /**
+     * The snapshot registry.
+     */
+    private final SnapshotRegistry snapshotRegistry;
+
+    /**
+     * The supported partition assignors keyed by their name.
+     */
+    private final Map<String, PartitionAssignor> assignors;
+
+    /**
+     * The default assignor used.
+     */
+    private final PartitionAssignor defaultAssignor;
+
+    /**
+     * The generic and consumer groups keyed by their name.
+     */
+    private final TimelineHashMap<String, Group> groups;
+
+    /**
+     * The maximum number of members allowed in a single consumer group.
+     */
+    private final int consumerGroupMaxSize;
+
+    /**
+     * The heartbeat interval for consumer groups.
+     */
+    private final int consumerGroupHeartbeatIntervalMs;
+
+    /**
+     * The topics metadata (or image).
+     */
+    private TopicsImage topicsImage;
+
+    private GroupMetadataManager(
+        SnapshotRegistry snapshotRegistry,
+        LogContext logContext,
+        List<PartitionAssignor> assignors,
+        TopicsImage topicsImage,
+        int consumerGroupMaxSize,
+        int consumerGroupHeartbeatIntervalMs
+    ) {
+        this.log = logContext.logger(GroupMetadataManager.class);
+        this.snapshotRegistry = snapshotRegistry;
+        this.topicsImage = topicsImage;
+        this.assignors = 
assignors.stream().collect(Collectors.toMap(PartitionAssignor::name, 
Function.identity()));
+        this.defaultAssignor = assignors.get(0);
+        this.groups = new TimelineHashMap<>(snapshotRegistry, 0);
+        this.consumerGroupMaxSize = consumerGroupMaxSize;
+        this.consumerGroupHeartbeatIntervalMs = 
consumerGroupHeartbeatIntervalMs;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets or maybe creates a consumer group.
+     *
+     * @param groupId           The group id.
+     * @param createIfNotExists A boolean indicating whether the group should 
be
+     *                          created if it does not exist.
+     *
+     * @return A ConsumerGroup.
+     * @throws GroupIdNotFoundException if the group does not exist and 
createIfNotExists is false or
+     *                                  if the group is not a consumer group.
+     *
+     * Package private for testing.
+     */
+    ConsumerGroup getOrMaybeCreateConsumerGroup(
+        String groupId,
+        boolean createIfNotExists
+    ) throws GroupIdNotFoundException {
+        Group group = groups.get(groupId);
+
+        if (group == null && !createIfNotExists) {
+            throw new GroupIdNotFoundException(String.format("Consumer group 
%s not found.", groupId));
+        }
+
+        if (group == null) {
+            ConsumerGroup consumerGroup = new ConsumerGroup(snapshotRegistry, 
groupId);
+            groups.put(groupId, consumerGroup);
+            return consumerGroup;
+        } else {
+            if (group.type() == Group.GroupType.CONSUMER) {
+                return (ConsumerGroup) group;
+            } else {
+                // We don't support upgrading/downgrading between protocols at 
the moment so
+                // we throw an exception if a group exists with the wrong type.
+                throw new GroupIdNotFoundException(String.format("Group %s is 
not a consumer group.", groupId));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Removes the group.
+     *
+     * @param groupId The group id.
+     */
+    private void removeGroup(
+        String groupId
+    ) {
+        groups.remove(groupId);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Validates the request.
+     *
+     * @param request The request to validate.
+     *
+     * @throws InvalidRequestException if the request is not valid.
+     * @throws UnsupportedAssignorException if the assignor is not supported.
+     */
+    private void throwIfConsumerGroupHeartbeatRequestIsInvalid(
+        ConsumerGroupHeartbeatRequestData request
+    ) throws InvalidRequestException, UnsupportedAssignorException {
+        if (request.groupId().isEmpty()) {
+            throw new InvalidRequestException("GroupId can't be empty.");
+        }
+
+        if (request.memberEpoch() > 0 || request.memberEpoch() == -1) {
+            if (request.memberId().isEmpty()) {
+                throw new InvalidRequestException("MemberId can't be empty.");
+            }
+            if (request.instanceId() != null) {
+                throw new InvalidRequestException("InstanceId should only be 
provided in first request.");
+            }
+            if (request.rackId() != null) {
+                throw new InvalidRequestException("RackId should only be 
provided in first request.");
+            }
+        } else if (request.memberEpoch() == 0) {
+            if (request.rebalanceTimeoutMs() == -1) {
+                throw new InvalidRequestException("RebalanceTimeoutMs must be 
provided in first request.");
+            }
+            if (request.topicPartitions() == null || 
!request.topicPartitions().isEmpty()) {
+                throw new InvalidRequestException("TopicPartitions must be 
empty when (re-)joining.");
+            }
+            if (request.subscribedTopicNames() == null || 
request.subscribedTopicNames().isEmpty()) {
+                throw new InvalidRequestException("SubscribedTopicNames must 
be set in first request.");
+            }
+        } else {
+            throw new InvalidRequestException("MemberEpoch is invalid.");
+        }
+
+        if (request.serverAssignor() != null && 
!assignors.containsKey(request.serverAssignor())) {
+            throw new UnsupportedAssignorException("ServerAssignor " + 
request.serverAssignor()
+                + " is not supported. Supported assignors: " + String.join(", 
", assignors.keySet())
+                + ".");
+        }
+
+        if (request.subscribedTopicRegex() != null) {
+            throw new InvalidRequestException("SubscribedTopicRegex is not 
supported yet.");
+        }
+
+        if (request.clientAssignors() != null) {
+            throw new InvalidRequestException("Client side assignors are not 
supported yet.");
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Verifies that the partitions currently owned by the member (the ones 
set in the
+     * request) matches the ones that the member should own. It matches if the 
consumer
+     * only owns partitions which are in the assigned partitions. It does not 
match if
+     * it owns any other partitions.
+     *
+     * @param ownedTopicPartitions  The partitions provided by the consumer in 
the request.
+     * @param target                The partitions that the member should have.
+     *
+     * @return A boolean indicating whether the owned partitions are a subset 
or not.
+     */
+    private boolean isSubset(
+        List<ConsumerGroupHeartbeatRequestData.TopicPartitions> 
ownedTopicPartitions,
+        Map<Uuid, Set<Integer>> target
+    ) {
+        if (ownedTopicPartitions == null) return false;
+
+        for (ConsumerGroupHeartbeatRequestData.TopicPartitions topicPartitions 
: ownedTopicPartitions) {
+            Set<Integer> partitions = target.get(topicPartitions.topicId());
+            if (partitions == null) return false;
+            for (Integer partitionId : topicPartitions.partitions()) {
+                if (!partitions.contains(partitionId)) return false;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Checks whether the consumer group can accept a new member or not based 
on the
+     * max group side defined.
+     *
+     * @param group     The consumer group.
+     * @param memberId  The member id.
+     *
+     * @throws GroupMaxSizeReachedException if the maximum capacity has been 
reached.
+     */
+    private void throwIfConsumerGroupIsFull(
+        ConsumerGroup group,
+        String memberId
+    ) throws GroupMaxSizeReachedException {
+        // If the consumer group has reached its maximum capacity, the member 
is rejected if it is not
+        // already a member of the consumer group.
+        if (group.numMembers() >= consumerGroupMaxSize && (memberId.isEmpty() 
|| !group.hasMember(memberId))) {
+            throw new GroupMaxSizeReachedException("The consumer group has 
reached its maximum capacity of "
+                + consumerGroupMaxSize + " members.");
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Validates the member epoch provided in the heartbeat request.
+     *
+     * @param member                The consumer group member.
+     * @param receivedMemberEpoch   The member epoch.
+     * @param ownedTopicPartitions  The owned partitions.
+     *
+     * @throws NotCoordinatorException if the provided epoch is ahead of the 
epoch known
+     *                                 by this coordinator. This suggests that 
the member
+     *                                 got a higher epoch from another 
coordinator.
+     * @throws FencedMemberEpochException if the provided epoch is behind the 
epoch known
+     *                                    by this coordinator.
+     */
+    private void throwIfMemberEpochIsInvalid(
+        ConsumerGroupMember member,
+        int receivedMemberEpoch,
+        List<ConsumerGroupHeartbeatRequestData.TopicPartitions> 
ownedTopicPartitions
+    ) {
+        if (receivedMemberEpoch > member.memberEpoch()) {
+            throw new FencedMemberEpochException("The consumer group member 
has a greater member "
+                + "epoch (" + receivedMemberEpoch + ") than the one known by 
the group coordinator ("
+                + member.memberEpoch() + "). The member must abandon all its 
partitions and rejoin.");
+        } else if (receivedMemberEpoch < member.memberEpoch()) {
+            // If the member comes with the previous epoch and has a subset of 
the current assignment partitions,
+            // we accept it because the response with the bumped epoch may 
have been lost.
+            if (receivedMemberEpoch != member.previousMemberEpoch() || 
!isSubset(ownedTopicPartitions, member.assignedPartitions())) {
+                throw new FencedMemberEpochException("The consumer group 
member has a smaller member "
+                    + "epoch (" + receivedMemberEpoch + ") than the one known 
by the group coordinator ("
+                    + member.memberEpoch() + "). The member must abandon all 
its partitions and rejoin.");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private ConsumerGroupHeartbeatResponseData.Assignment 
createResponseAssignment(
+        ConsumerGroupMember member
+    ) {
+        ConsumerGroupHeartbeatResponseData.Assignment assignment = new 
ConsumerGroupHeartbeatResponseData.Assignment()
+            
.setAssignedTopicPartitions(fromAssignmentMap(member.assignedPartitions()));
+
+        if (member.state() == ConsumerGroupMember.MemberState.ASSIGNING) {
+            
assignment.setPendingTopicPartitions(fromAssignmentMap(member.partitionsPendingAssignment()));
+        }
+
+        return assignment;
+    }
+
+    private List<ConsumerGroupHeartbeatResponseData.TopicPartitions> 
fromAssignmentMap(
+        Map<Uuid, Set<Integer>> assignment
+    ) {
+        return assignment.entrySet().stream()
+            .map(keyValue -> new 
ConsumerGroupHeartbeatResponseData.TopicPartitions()
+                .setTopicId(keyValue.getKey())
+                .setPartitions(new ArrayList<>(keyValue.getValue())))
+            .collect(Collectors.toList());
+    }
+
+    private OptionalInt ofSentinel(int value) {
+        return value != -1 ? OptionalInt.of(value) : OptionalInt.empty();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Handles a regular heartbeat from a consumer group member. It mainly 
consists of
+     * three parts:
+     * 1) The member is created or updated. The group epoch is bumped if the 
member
+     *    has been created or updated.
+     * 2) The target assignment for the consumer group is updated if the group 
epoch
+     *    is larger than the current target assignment epoch.
+     * 3) The member's assignment is reconciled with the target assignment.
+     *
+     * @param groupId               The group id from the request.
+     * @param memberId              The member id from the request.
+     * @param memberEpoch           The member epoch from the request.
+     * @param instanceId            The instance id from the request or null.
+     * @param rackId                The rack id from the request or null.
+     * @param rebalanceTimeoutMs    The rebalance timeout from the request or 
-1.
+     * @param clientId              The client id.
+     * @param clientHost            The client host.
+     * @param subscribedTopicNames  The list of subscribed topic names from 
the request
+     *                              of null.
+     * @param subscribedTopicRegex  The regular expression based subscription 
from the
+     *                              request or null.
+     * @param assignorName          The assignor name from the request or null.
+     * @param ownedTopicPartitions  The list of owned partitions from the 
request or null.
+     *
+     * @return A Result containing the ConsumerGroupHeartbeat response and
+     *         a list of records to update the state machine.
+     */
+    private Result<ConsumerGroupHeartbeatResponseData> consumerGroupHeartbeat(
+        String groupId,
+        String memberId,
+        int memberEpoch,
+        String instanceId,
+        String rackId,
+        int rebalanceTimeoutMs,
+        String clientId,
+        String clientHost,
+        List<String> subscribedTopicNames,
+        String subscribedTopicRegex,
+        String assignorName,
+        List<ConsumerGroupHeartbeatRequestData.TopicPartitions> 
ownedTopicPartitions
+    ) throws ApiException {
+        List<Record> records = new ArrayList<>();
+
+        // Get or create the consumer group.
+        boolean createIfNotExists = memberEpoch == 0;
+        final ConsumerGroup group = getOrMaybeCreateConsumerGroup(groupId, 
createIfNotExists);
+        throwIfConsumerGroupIsFull(group, memberId);
+
+        // Get or create the member. Note that member is the persisted member 
anytime
+        // in this method.
+        if (memberId.isEmpty()) memberId = Uuid.randomUuid().toString();
+        final ConsumerGroupMember member = 
group.getOrMaybeCreateMember(memberId, createIfNotExists);
+        throwIfMemberEpochIsInvalid(member, memberEpoch, ownedTopicPartitions);
+
+        if (memberEpoch == 0) {
+            log.info("[GroupId " + groupId + "] Member " + memberId + " 
re-joins the consumer group.");
+        }
+
+        // 1. Create or update the member. If the member is new or has 
changed, a ConsumerGroupMemberMetadataValue
+        // record is written to the __consumer_offsets partition to persist 
the change. If the subscriptions have
+        // changed, the subscription metadata is updated and persisted by 
writing a ConsumerGroupPartitionMetadataValue
+        // record to the __consumer_offsets partition. Finally, the group 
epoch is bumped if the subscriptions have
+        // changed, and persisted by writing a ConsumerGroupMetadataValue 
record to the partition.
+        int groupEpoch = group.groupEpoch();
+        Map<String, TopicMetadata> subscriptionMetadata = 
group.subscriptionMetadata();
+        ConsumerGroupMember updatedMember = new 
ConsumerGroupMember.Builder(member)
+            .maybeUpdateInstanceId(Optional.ofNullable(instanceId))
+            .maybeUpdateRackId(Optional.ofNullable(rackId))
+            .maybeUpdateRebalanceTimeoutMs(ofSentinel(rebalanceTimeoutMs))
+            .maybeUpdateServerAssignorName(Optional.ofNullable(assignorName))
+            
.maybeUpdateSubscribedTopicNames(Optional.ofNullable(subscribedTopicNames))
+            
.maybeUpdateSubscribedTopicRegex(Optional.ofNullable(subscribedTopicRegex))
+            .setClientId(clientId)
+            .setClientHost(clientHost)
+            .build();
+
+        if (!updatedMember.equals(member)) {
+            records.add(newMemberSubscriptionRecord(groupId, updatedMember));
+
+            if 
(!updatedMember.subscribedTopicNames().equals(member.subscribedTopicNames())) {
+                log.info("[GroupId " + groupId + "] Member " + memberId + " 
updated its subscribed topics to: " +
+                    updatedMember.subscribedTopicNames());
+
+                subscriptionMetadata = group.computeSubscriptionMetadata(
+                    member,
+                    updatedMember,
+                    topicsImage
+                );
+
+                if 
(!subscriptionMetadata.equals(group.subscriptionMetadata())) {
+                    log.info("[GroupId " + groupId + "] Computed new 
subscription metadata: "
+                        + subscriptionMetadata + ".");
+                    records.add(newGroupSubscriptionMetadataRecord(groupId, 
subscriptionMetadata));
+                }
+
+                groupEpoch += 1;
+                records.add(newGroupEpochRecord(groupId, groupEpoch));
+
+                log.info("[GroupId " + groupId + "] Bumped group epoch to " + 
groupEpoch + ".");
+            }
+        }
+
+        // 2. Update the target assignment if the group epoch is larger than 
the target assignment epoch. The
+        // delta between the current and the new target assignment is 
persisted to the partition.
+        int targetAssignmentEpoch = group.assignmentEpoch();
+        Assignment targetAssignment = group.targetAssignment(memberId);
+        if (groupEpoch > targetAssignmentEpoch) {
+            String preferredServerAssignor = group.preferredServerAssignor(
+                member,
+                updatedMember
+            ).orElse(defaultAssignor.name());
+
+            try {
+                TargetAssignmentBuilder.TargetAssignmentResult 
assignmentResult =
+                    new TargetAssignmentBuilder(groupId, groupEpoch, 
assignors.get(preferredServerAssignor))
+                        .withMembers(group.members())
+                        .withSubscriptionMetadata(subscriptionMetadata)
+                        .withTargetAssignment(group.targetAssignments())
+                        .addOrUpdateMember(memberId, updatedMember)
+                        .build();
+
+                log.info("[GroupId " + groupId + "] Computed a new target 
assignment for epoch " + groupEpoch + ": "
+                    + assignmentResult.targetAssignment() + ".");
+
+                records.addAll(assignmentResult.records());
+                targetAssignment = 
assignmentResult.targetAssignment().get(memberId);
+                targetAssignmentEpoch = groupEpoch;
+            } catch (PartitionAssignorException ex) {
+                String msg = "Failed to compute a new target assignment for 
epoch " + groupEpoch + ": " + ex + ".";
+                log.error("[GroupId " + groupId + "] " + msg);
+                throw new UnknownServerException(msg, ex);
+            }
+        }
+
+        // 3. Reconcile the member's assignment with the target assignment. 
This is only required if
+        // the member is not stable or if a new target assignment has been 
installed.
+        boolean assignmentUpdated = false;
+        if (updatedMember.state() != ConsumerGroupMember.MemberState.STABLE || 
updatedMember.nextMemberEpoch() != targetAssignmentEpoch) {
+            ConsumerGroupMember prevMember = updatedMember;
+            updatedMember = new CurrentAssignmentBuilder(updatedMember)
+                .withTargetAssignment(targetAssignmentEpoch, targetAssignment)
+                .withCurrentPartitionEpoch(group::currentPartitionEpoch)
+                .withOwnedTopicPartitions(ownedTopicPartitions)
+                .build();
+
+            // Checking the reference is enough here because a new instance
+            // is created only when the state has changed.
+            if (updatedMember != prevMember) {
+                assignmentUpdated = true;
+                records.add(newCurrentAssignmentRecord(groupId, 
updatedMember));
+
+                log.info("[GroupId " + groupId + "] Member " + memberId + " 
transitioned from " +
+                    member.currentAssignmentSummary() + " to " + 
updatedMember.currentAssignmentSummary() + ".");
+
+                // TODO(dajac) Starts or restarts the timer for the revocation 
timeout.
+            }
+        }
+
+        // TODO(dajac) Starts or restarts the timer for the session timeout.
+
+        // Prepare the response.
+        ConsumerGroupHeartbeatResponseData response = new 
ConsumerGroupHeartbeatResponseData()
+            .setMemberId(updatedMember.memberId())
+            .setMemberEpoch(updatedMember.memberEpoch())
+            .setHeartbeatIntervalMs(consumerGroupHeartbeatIntervalMs);
+
+        // The assignment is only provided in the following cases:
+        // 1. The member reported its owned partitions;
+        // 2. The member just joined or rejoined to group. This is signaled 
with epoch equals to zero;
+        // 3. The member's assignment has been updated.
+        if (ownedTopicPartitions != null || memberEpoch == 0 || 
assignmentUpdated) {
+            response.setAssignment(createResponseAssignment(updatedMember));
+        }
+
+        return new Result<>(records, response);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Handles leave request from a consumer group member.
+     * @param groupId       The group id from the request.
+     * @param memberId      The member id from the request.
+     *
+     * @return A Result containing the ConsumerGroupHeartbeat response and
+     *         a list of records to update the state machine.
+     */
+    private Result<ConsumerGroupHeartbeatResponseData> consumerGroupLeave(
+        String groupId,
+        String memberId
+    ) throws ApiException {
+        List<Record> records = new ArrayList<>();
+
+        ConsumerGroup group = getOrMaybeCreateConsumerGroup(groupId, false);
+        ConsumerGroupMember member = group.getOrMaybeCreateMember(memberId, 
false);
+
+        log.info("[GroupId " + groupId + "] Member " + memberId + " left the 
consumer group.");
+
+        // Write tombstones for the member. The order matters here.
+        records.add(newCurrentAssignmentTombstoneRecord(groupId, memberId));
+        records.add(newTargetAssignmentTombstoneRecord(groupId, memberId));
+        records.add(newMemberSubscriptionTombstoneRecord(groupId, memberId));
+
+        // We update the subscription metadata without the leaving member.
+        Map<String, TopicMetadata> subscriptionMetadata = 
group.computeSubscriptionMetadata(
+            member,
+            null,
+            topicsImage
+        );
+
+        if (!subscriptionMetadata.equals(group.subscriptionMetadata())) {
+            log.info("[GroupId " + groupId + "] Computed new subscription 
metadata: "
+                + subscriptionMetadata + ".");
+            records.add(newGroupSubscriptionMetadataRecord(groupId, 
subscriptionMetadata));
+        }
+
+        // We bump the group epoch.
+        int groupEpoch = group.groupEpoch() + 1;
+        records.add(newGroupEpochRecord(groupId, groupEpoch));
+
+        return new Result<>(records, new ConsumerGroupHeartbeatResponseData()
+            .setMemberId(memberId)
+            .setMemberEpoch(-1)
+        );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Handles a ConsumerGroupHeartbeat request.
+     *
+     * @param context The request context.
+     * @param request The actual ConsumerGroupHeartbeat request.
+     *
+     * @return A Result containing the ConsumerGroupHeartbeat response and
+     *         a list of records to update the state machine.
+     */
+    public Result<ConsumerGroupHeartbeatResponseData> consumerGroupHeartbeat(
+        RequestContext context,
+        ConsumerGroupHeartbeatRequestData request
+    ) throws ApiException {
+        throwIfConsumerGroupHeartbeatRequestIsInvalid(request);
+
+        if (request.memberEpoch() == -1) {
+            // -1 means that the member wants to leave the group.
+            return consumerGroupLeave(
+                request.groupId(),
+                request.memberId()
+            );
+        } else {
+            // Otherwise, it is a regular heartbeat.
+            return consumerGroupHeartbeat(
+                request.groupId(),
+                request.memberId(),
+                request.memberEpoch(),
+                request.instanceId(),
+                request.rackId(),
+                request.rebalanceTimeoutMs(),
+                context.clientId(),
+                context.clientAddress.toString(),
+                request.subscribedTopicNames(),
+                request.subscribedTopicRegex(),
+                request.serverAssignor(),
+                request.topicPartitions()
+            );
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Replays ConsumerGroupMemberMetadataKey/Value to update the hard state of
+     * the consumer group. It updates the subscription part of the member or
+     * delete the member.
+     *
+     * @param key   A ConsumerGroupMemberMetadataKey key.
+     * @param value A ConsumerGroupMemberMetadataValue record.
+     */
+    public void replay(
+        ConsumerGroupMemberMetadataKey key,
+        ConsumerGroupMemberMetadataValue value
+    ) {
+        String groupId = key.groupId();
+        String memberId = key.memberId();
+
+        if (value != null) {
+            ConsumerGroup consumerGroup = 
getOrMaybeCreateConsumerGroup(groupId, true);
+            ConsumerGroupMember oldMember = 
consumerGroup.getOrMaybeCreateMember(memberId, true);
+            consumerGroup.updateMember(new 
ConsumerGroupMember.Builder(oldMember)
+                .updateWith(value)
+                .build());
+        } else {
+            ConsumerGroup consumerGroup = 
getOrMaybeCreateConsumerGroup(groupId, false);
+            ConsumerGroupMember oldMember = 
consumerGroup.getOrMaybeCreateMember(memberId, false);
+            if (oldMember.memberEpoch() != -1) {
+                throw new IllegalStateException("Received a tombstone record 
to delete member " + memberId
+                    + " but did not receive 
ConsumerGroupCurrentMemberAssignmentValue tombstone.");
+            }
+            if (consumerGroup.targetAssignments().containsKey(memberId)) {
+                throw new IllegalStateException("Received a tombstone record 
to delete member " + memberId
+                    + " but did not receive 
ConsumerGroupTargetAssignmentMetadataValue tombstone.");
+            }
+            consumerGroup.removeMember(memberId);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Replays ConsumerGroupMetadataKey/Value to update the hard state of
+     * the consumer group. It updates the group epoch of the consumer
+     * group or deletes the consumer group.
+     *
+     * @param key   A ConsumerGroupMetadataKey key.
+     * @param value A ConsumerGroupMetadataValue record.
+     */
+    public void replay(
+        ConsumerGroupMetadataKey key,
+        ConsumerGroupMetadataValue value
+    ) {
+        String groupId = key.groupId();
+
+        if (value != null) {
+            ConsumerGroup consumerGroup = 
getOrMaybeCreateConsumerGroup(groupId, true);
+            consumerGroup.setGroupEpoch(value.epoch());
+        } else {
+            ConsumerGroup consumerGroup = 
getOrMaybeCreateConsumerGroup(groupId, false);
+            if (!consumerGroup.members().isEmpty()) {
+                throw new IllegalStateException("Received a tombstone record 
to delete group " + groupId
+                    + " but the group still has " + 
consumerGroup.members().size() + " members.");
+            }
+            if (!consumerGroup.targetAssignments().isEmpty()) {
+                throw new IllegalStateException("Received a tombstone record 
to delete group " + groupId
+                    + " but the target assignment still has " + 
consumerGroup.targetAssignments().size()
+                    + " members.");
+            }
+            if (consumerGroup.assignmentEpoch() != -1) {
+                throw new IllegalStateException("Received a tombstone record 
to delete group " + groupId
+                    + " but did not receive 
ConsumerGroupTargetAssignmentMetadataValue tombstone.");
+            }
+            removeGroup(groupId);
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Replays ConsumerGroupPartitionMetadataKey/Value to update the hard 
state of
+     * the consumer group. It updates the subscription metadata of the consumer
+     * group.
+     *
+     * @param key   A ConsumerGroupPartitionMetadataKey key.
+     * @param value A ConsumerGroupPartitionMetadataValue record.
+     */
+    public void replay(
+        ConsumerGroupPartitionMetadataKey key,
+        ConsumerGroupPartitionMetadataValue value
+    ) {
+        String groupId = key.groupId();
+        ConsumerGroup consumerGroup = getOrMaybeCreateConsumerGroup(groupId, 
false);
+
+        if (value != null) {
+            Map<String, TopicMetadata> subscriptionMetadata = new HashMap<>();
+            value.topics().forEach(topicMetadata -> {
+                subscriptionMetadata.put(topicMetadata.topicName(), 
TopicMetadata.fromRecord(topicMetadata));
+            });
+            consumerGroup.setSubscriptionMetadata(subscriptionMetadata);
+        } else {
+            consumerGroup.setSubscriptionMetadata(Collections.emptyMap());
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Replays ConsumerGroupTargetAssignmentMemberKey/Value to update the hard 
state of
+     * the consumer group. It updates the target assignment of the member or 
deletes it.
+     *
+     * @param key   A ConsumerGroupTargetAssignmentMemberKey key.
+     * @param value A ConsumerGroupTargetAssignmentMemberValue record.
+     */
+    public void replay(
+        ConsumerGroupTargetAssignmentMemberKey key,
+        ConsumerGroupTargetAssignmentMemberValue value
+    ) {
+        String groupId = key.groupId();
+        String memberId = key.memberId();
+        ConsumerGroup consumerGroup = getOrMaybeCreateConsumerGroup(groupId, 
false);
+
+        if (value != null) {
+            consumerGroup.updateTargetAssignment(memberId, 
Assignment.fromRecord(value));
+        } else {
+            consumerGroup.removeTargetAssignment(memberId);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Replays ConsumerGroupTargetAssignmentMetadataKey/Value to update the 
hard state of
+     * the consumer group. It updates the target assignment epoch or set it to 
-1 to signal
+     * that it has been deleted.
+     *
+     * @param key   A ConsumerGroupTargetAssignmentMetadataKey key.
+     * @param value A ConsumerGroupTargetAssignmentMetadataValue record.
+     */
+    public void replay(
+        ConsumerGroupTargetAssignmentMetadataKey key,
+        ConsumerGroupTargetAssignmentMetadataValue value
+    ) {
+        String groupId = key.groupId();
+        ConsumerGroup consumerGroup = getOrMaybeCreateConsumerGroup(groupId, 
false);
+
+        if (value != null) {
+            consumerGroup.setAssignmentEpoch(value.assignmentEpoch());
+        } else {
+            if (!consumerGroup.targetAssignments().isEmpty()) {
+                throw new IllegalStateException("Received a tombstone record 
to delete target assignment of " + groupId
+                    + " but the assignment still has " + 
consumerGroup.targetAssignments().size() + " members.");
+            }
+            consumerGroup.setAssignmentEpoch(-1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Replays ConsumerGroupCurrentMemberAssignmentKey/Value to update the 
hard state of
+     * the consumer group. It updates the assignment of a member or deletes it.
+     *
+     * @param key   A ConsumerGroupCurrentMemberAssignmentKey key.
+     * @param value A ConsumerGroupCurrentMemberAssignmentValue record.
+     */
+    public void replay(
+        ConsumerGroupCurrentMemberAssignmentKey key,
+        ConsumerGroupCurrentMemberAssignmentValue value
+    ) {
+        String groupId = key.groupId();
+        String memberId = key.memberId();
+        ConsumerGroup consumerGroup = getOrMaybeCreateConsumerGroup(groupId, 
false);
+        ConsumerGroupMember oldMember = 
consumerGroup.getOrMaybeCreateMember(memberId, false);
+
+        if (value != null) {
+            ConsumerGroupMember newMember = new 
ConsumerGroupMember.Builder(oldMember)
+                .updateWith(value)
+                .build();
+            consumerGroup.updateMember(newMember);
+        } else {
+            ConsumerGroupMember newMember = new 
ConsumerGroupMember.Builder(oldMember)

Review Comment:
   Yeah, I suppose I was meaning a method to add the sentinel values. But if it 
is only done here, maybe it is not useful.



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