philipnee commented on code in PR #14724:
URL: https://github.com/apache/kafka/pull/14724#discussion_r1412506519


##########
clients/src/main/java/org/apache/kafka/common/telemetry/internals/ClientTelemetryReporter.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,976 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.kafka.common.telemetry.internals;
+
+import io.opentelemetry.proto.metrics.v1.Metric;
+import io.opentelemetry.proto.metrics.v1.MetricsData;
+import io.opentelemetry.proto.metrics.v1.ResourceMetrics;
+import io.opentelemetry.proto.metrics.v1.ScopeMetrics;
+
+import org.apache.kafka.clients.CommonClientConfigs;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.KafkaException;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.Uuid;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.errors.InterruptException;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.message.GetTelemetrySubscriptionsRequestData;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.message.GetTelemetrySubscriptionsResponseData;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.message.PushTelemetryRequestData;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.message.PushTelemetryResponseData;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.metrics.KafkaMetric;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.metrics.MetricsContext;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.metrics.MetricsReporter;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.protocol.ApiKeys;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.record.CompressionType;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.requests.AbstractRequest;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.requests.AbstractRequest.Builder;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.requests.GetTelemetrySubscriptionsRequest;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.requests.GetTelemetrySubscriptionsResponse;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.requests.PushTelemetryRequest;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.requests.PushTelemetryResponse;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.telemetry.ClientTelemetryState;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.utils.Time;
+import org.apache.kafka.common.utils.Utils;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.Optional;
+import java.util.StringJoiner;
+import java.util.concurrent.ThreadLocalRandom;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+import java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition;
+import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReadWriteLock;
+import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantReadWriteLock;
+import java.util.function.Predicate;
+
+/**
+ * The implementation of the {@link MetricsReporter} for client telemetry 
which manages the life-cycle
+ * of the client telemetry collection process. The client telemetry reporter 
is responsible for
+ * collecting the client telemetry data and sending it to the broker.
+ * <p>
+ *
+ * The client telemetry reporter is configured with a {@link 
ClientTelemetrySender} which is
+ * responsible for sending the client telemetry data to the broker. The client 
telemetry reporter
+ * will attempt to fetch the telemetry subscription information from the 
broker and send the
+ * telemetry data to the broker based on the subscription information i.e. 
push interval, temporality,
+ * compression type, etc.
+ * <p>
+ *
+ * The full life-cycle of the metric collection process is defined by a state 
machine in
+ * {@link ClientTelemetryState}. Each state is associated with a different set 
of operations.
+ * For example, the client telemetry reporter will attempt to fetch the 
telemetry subscription
+ * from the broker when in the {@link 
ClientTelemetryState#SUBSCRIPTION_NEEDED} state.
+ * If the push operation fails, the client telemetry reporter will attempt to 
re-fetch the
+ * subscription information by setting the state back to {@link 
ClientTelemetryState#SUBSCRIPTION_NEEDED}.
+ * <p>
+ *
+ * In an unlikely scenario, if a bad state transition is detected, an
+ * {@link IllegalStateException} will be thrown.
+ * <p>
+ *
+ * The state transition follows the following steps in order:
+ * <ol>
+ *     <li>{@link ClientTelemetryState#SUBSCRIPTION_NEEDED}</li>
+ *     <li>{@link ClientTelemetryState#SUBSCRIPTION_IN_PROGRESS}</li>
+ *     <li>{@link ClientTelemetryState#PUSH_NEEDED}</li>
+ *     <li>{@link ClientTelemetryState#PUSH_IN_PROGRESS}</li>
+ *     <li>{@link ClientTelemetryState#TERMINATING_PUSH_NEEDED}</li>
+ *     <li>{@link ClientTelemetryState#TERMINATING_PUSH_IN_PROGRESS}</li>
+ *     <li>{@link ClientTelemetryState#TERMINATED}</li>
+ * </ol>
+ * <p>
+ *
+ * For more detail in state transition, see {@link 
ClientTelemetryState#validateTransition}.
+ */
+public class ClientTelemetryReporter implements MetricsReporter {
+
+    private static final Logger log = 
LoggerFactory.getLogger(ClientTelemetryReporter.class);
+    public static final int DEFAULT_PUSH_INTERVAL_MS = 5 * 60 * 1000;
+
+    private final ClientTelemetryProvider telemetryProvider;
+    private final ClientTelemetrySender clientTelemetrySender;
+    private final Time time;
+
+    private Map<String, Object> rawOriginalConfig;
+    private KafkaMetricsCollector kafkaMetricsCollector;
+
+    public ClientTelemetryReporter(Time time) {
+        this.time = time;
+        telemetryProvider = new ClientTelemetryProvider();
+        clientTelemetrySender = new DefaultClientTelemetrySender();
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    @Override
+    public synchronized void configure(Map<String, ?> configs) {
+        rawOriginalConfig = (Map<String, Object>) 
Objects.requireNonNull(configs);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public synchronized void contextChange(MetricsContext metricsContext) {
+        /*
+         If validation succeeds: initialize the provider, start the metric 
collection task,
+         set metrics labels for services/libraries that expose metrics.
+        */
+        Objects.requireNonNull(rawOriginalConfig, "configure() was not called 
before contextChange()");
+        if (kafkaMetricsCollector != null) {
+            kafkaMetricsCollector.stop();
+        }
+
+        if (!telemetryProvider.validate(metricsContext)) {
+            log.warn("Validation failed for {} context {}, skip starting 
collectors. Metrics collection is disabled",
+                    telemetryProvider.getClass(), 
metricsContext.contextLabels());
+            return;
+        }
+
+        if (kafkaMetricsCollector == null) {
+            /*
+             Initialize the provider only once. contextChange(..) can be 
called more than once,
+             but once it's been initialized and all necessary labels are 
present then we don't
+             re-initialize.
+            */
+            telemetryProvider.configure(rawOriginalConfig);
+        }
+
+        telemetryProvider.contextChange(metricsContext);
+
+        if (kafkaMetricsCollector == null) {
+            initCollectors();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void init(List<KafkaMetric> metrics) {
+        /*
+         metrics collector may not have been initialized (e.g. invalid context 
labels)
+         in which case metrics collection is disabled
+        */
+        if (kafkaMetricsCollector != null) {
+            kafkaMetricsCollector.init(metrics);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Method is invoked whenever a metric is added/registered
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void metricChange(KafkaMetric metric) {
+        /*
+         metrics collector may not have been initialized (e.g. invalid context 
labels)
+         in which case metrics collection is disabled
+        */
+        if (kafkaMetricsCollector != null) {
+            kafkaMetricsCollector.metricChange(metric);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Method is invoked whenever a metric is removed
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void metricRemoval(KafkaMetric metric) {
+        /*
+         metrics collector may not have been initialized (e.g. invalid context 
labels)
+         in which case metrics collection is disabled
+        */
+        if (kafkaMetricsCollector != null) {
+            kafkaMetricsCollector.metricRemoval(metric);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void close() {
+        log.debug("Stopping ClientTelemetryReporter");
+        try {
+            clientTelemetrySender.close();
+        } catch (Exception exception) {
+            log.error("Failed to close client telemetry reporter", exception);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public synchronized void updateMetricsLabels(Map<String, String> labels) {
+        telemetryProvider.updateLabels(labels);
+    }
+
+    public void initiateClose(long timeoutMs) {
+        log.debug("Initiate close of ClientTelemetryReporter");
+        try {
+            clientTelemetrySender.initiateClose(timeoutMs);
+        } catch (Exception exception) {
+            log.error("Failed to initiate close of client telemetry reporter", 
exception);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public ClientTelemetrySender telemetrySender() {
+        return clientTelemetrySender;
+    }
+
+    private void initCollectors() {
+        kafkaMetricsCollector = new KafkaMetricsCollector(
+            
TelemetryMetricNamingConvention.getClientTelemetryMetricNamingStrategy(
+                telemetryProvider.domain()));
+    }
+
+    private ResourceMetrics buildMetric(Metric metric) {
+        return ResourceMetrics.newBuilder()
+            .setResource(telemetryProvider.resource())
+            .addScopeMetrics(ScopeMetrics.newBuilder()
+                .addMetrics(metric)
+                .build()).build();
+    }
+
+    // Visible for testing, only for unit tests
+    MetricsCollector metricsCollector() {
+        return kafkaMetricsCollector;
+    }
+
+    // Visible for testing, only for unit tests
+    ClientTelemetryProvider telemetryProvider() {
+        return telemetryProvider;
+    }
+
+    class DefaultClientTelemetrySender implements ClientTelemetrySender {
+
+        /*
+         These are the lower and upper bounds of the jitter that we apply to 
the initial push
+         telemetry API call. This helps to avoid a flood of requests all 
coming at the same time.
+        */
+        private final static double INITIAL_PUSH_JITTER_LOWER = 0.5;
+        private final static double INITIAL_PUSH_JITTER_UPPER = 1.5;
+
+        private final ReadWriteLock lock = new ReentrantReadWriteLock();
+        private final Condition subscriptionLoaded = 
lock.writeLock().newCondition();
+        private final Condition terminalPushInProgress = 
lock.writeLock().newCondition();
+        /*
+         Initial state should be subscription needed which should allow 
issuing first telemetry
+         request of get telemetry subscription.
+        */
+        private ClientTelemetryState state = 
ClientTelemetryState.SUBSCRIPTION_NEEDED;
+
+        private ClientTelemetrySubscription subscription;
+
+        /*
+         Last time a telemetry request was made. Initialized to 0 to indicate 
that no request has
+         been made yet. Telemetry requests, get or post, should always be made 
after the push interval
+         time has elapsed.
+        */
+        private long lastRequestMs;
+        /*
+         Interval between telemetry requests in milliseconds. Initialized to 0 
to indicate that the
+         interval has not yet been computed. The first get request will be 
immediately triggered as
+         soon as the client is ready.
+        */
+        private int intervalMs;
+        /*
+         Whether the client telemetry sender is enabled or not. Initialized to 
true to indicate that
+         the client telemetry sender is enabled. This is used to disable the 
client telemetry sender
+         when the client receives unrecoverable error from broker.
+        */
+        private boolean enabled;
+
+        private DefaultClientTelemetrySender() {
+            enabled = true;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public long timeToNextUpdate(long requestTimeoutMs) {
+            final long now = time.milliseconds();
+            final ClientTelemetryState localState;
+            final long localLastRequestMs;
+            final int localIntervalMs;
+
+            lock.readLock().lock();
+            try {
+                if (!enabled) {
+                    return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+                }
+
+                localState = state;
+                localLastRequestMs = lastRequestMs;
+                localIntervalMs = intervalMs;
+            } finally {
+                lock.readLock().unlock();
+            }
+
+            final long timeMs;
+            final String apiName;
+            final String msg;
+
+            switch (localState) {
+                case SUBSCRIPTION_IN_PROGRESS:
+                case PUSH_IN_PROGRESS:
+                    /*
+                     We have a network request in progress. We record the time 
of the request
+                     submission, so wait that amount of the time PLUS the 
requestTimeout that
+                     is provided.
+                    */
+                    apiName = (localState == 
ClientTelemetryState.SUBSCRIPTION_IN_PROGRESS) ? 
ApiKeys.GET_TELEMETRY_SUBSCRIPTIONS.name : ApiKeys.PUSH_TELEMETRY.name;
+                    timeMs = requestTimeoutMs;

Review Comment:
   Need a bit of clarification here, it was stated:
   ```
   If another telemetry API is in-flight, then {@code timeoutMs} should be 
returned as the
        * maximum wait time.
   ```
   
   I assume maximum wait time is more than requestTimeoutMs? 



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