If you have the y-values in a sorted vector, and the x-values in another 
sorted vector (or if they're just the index you don't need them), you can 
get the discrete derivative by using diff:

da = diff(a) ./ diff(x)

Now, the tangential tilt is less than 45 degrees whenever that derivative 
is larger than -1, so 

a[da .< -1]

will give you the portion of a for which the slope is steeper than 45 
degrees. (I might be off by one here, so you might want to experiment a 
little and see if you need to include one more, or one less, data point to 
get exactly what you want...)

// T

On Tuesday, May 27, 2014 4:53:52 PM UTC+2, paul analyst wrote:
>
> Thanks for the cool link. 
> Generally this is the point where the tangential tilt is 45 degrees.
> Paul
>
> W dniu wtorek, 27 maja 2014 15:06:25 UTC+2 użytkownik Harlan Harris 
> napisał:
>>
>> Paul, I don't believe that this is a well-posed question. Determining 
>> what is the tail of a distribution and what isn't is very much 
>> problem-dependent. "getting flat" depends entirely on the scale of your 
>> data, and isn't meaningful. You could do what people constructing boxplots 
>> do, and use some multiple of the inter-quartile range from the median, but 
>> that still depends on the source, distribution, and meaning of your data. 
>> In any case, you'd be better off asking this somewhere like CrossValidated (
>> http://stats.stackexchange.com/) -- this isn't a Julia question.
>>
>>
>> On Tue, May 27, 2014 at 8:22 AM, paul analyst <[email protected]> wrote:
>>
>>> Does not work always, distributions are different.
>>> How to find the number of elements of the vector from which the chart is 
>>> getting flat (where is the beginning of the tail?)
>>> Paul
>>>
>>>
>>> W dniu wtorek, 27 maja 2014 12:19:09 UTC+2 użytkownik Yuuki Soho napisał:
>>>
>>>> The simplest way to do it is probably to use a quantile:
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> a=[5 3 2 1.5 1.1 1 0.8 0.25 0.2 0.16]
>>>>
>>>> q = quantile(vec(a),0.1)
>>>>
>>>> a = a[1:cut] 
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>

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