EMI is an oft repeated term that is associated with any loan taken.
Let us understand how EMI works and what are the different aspects
associated with EMI. The EMI facility helps the borrower plan his
budget. The EMI is calculated taking into account the loan amount, the
time frame for repaying the loan and the interest rate on the borrowed
sum.

An equated monthly installment (EMI) is the amount of money that is
paid back to the lender on a monthly basis. It is essentially made up
of two parts, the principal amount and the interest on the principal
amount divided across each month in the loan tenure. The EMI is always
paid up to the bank or lender on a fixed date each month until the
total amount due is paid up during the tenure.

Now, you might assume that the equal parts of the principal and
interest is repaid to the financial institution every month, however
this not the case. During the initial years the interest component
repaid is higher and during the latter years of repayment the
principal component is higher. So, if you think you have paid half of
the amount borrowed from the bank in 5 years in a 10 year loan tenure,
that would not be the case. You would probably have reduced the total
interest component due considerably and would have only repaid the
interest component.

Here is a simple example that explains how the repayment of your EMI
reduces your loan amount during repayment period leading up to the end
of the loan tenure.

Here the loan amount is 100000, which is lent at a interest rate of
12% with a loan tenure of 12 months.

The monthly EMI is calculated at the annualized rate of 12% and
amounts to Rs.8,885 per month with the total interest component
amounting to Rs.6619.

You will notice that the Interest repaid decreases with each passing
month and the principal repaid increases with each passing month. This
means that with a larger loan amount of say 5 L with a longer tenure
of 20 years, the interest component will be the greater portion of the
EMI, which will reduce leading up to the loan tenure, while the
reverse is true for the principal component.
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