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Selamat mengambil jejak dan hikmah.
Ashraf Ghani Ahmadzai
Dr. Ashraf Ghani Ahmadzai is the Chairman of the Institute of State
Effectiveness, an organization set up in January 2005 to promote the ability of
states to serve their citizens. As Afghanistan's finance minister between July
2002 and December 2004, he set the path for Afghanistan's attempted economic
recovery after the collapse of the Taliban.
(Dr. Ashraf Ghani Ahmadzai adalah kepala Lembaga Ke-fektif-an Negara,
organisasi yang dibangun pada Januari 2005 untuk mmpromosikan kemampuan negara
melayani warganya. Sebagai menteri keuangan antara Juli 2002 dan Des 2004, dia
telah mengambil bagian pada pemulihan ekonomi afganistan setelah kejatuhan
Taliban)
Commonly he is shortly referred to as Ahsraf Ghani, since there is also another
Afghan politician named Mohammad Sarwar Ahmadzai, who was also a candidate in
the Afghan presidential election, 2009.
(biasa disebut dengan Ashraf Ghani, sebab ada politisi afghan yang lain dg nama
Moh Sarwar Ahmadzai, yang juga seorang kandidat pada pemilihan presiden Afghan
2009)
Dr. Ghani is also a member of the Commission on Legal Empowerment of the Poor,
an independent initiative hosted by the UNDP. In the 2009 presidential
elections, he was ranked third in the polls, behind the president Hamid Karzai
and his main contender Dr. Abdullah Abdullah.
(Dr Ghani adalah anggota komisi pemberdayaan masyrkt miskin, sebuah prakarsa
independen dipunyai UNDP. Pd pemilihan presiden 2009, dia menempati ranking ke3
dalam polling, dibelakang presiden Hamid Karzai dan pesaingnya Dr Abdullah
Abdullah)
Ashraf Ghani, an ethnic Pashtun, was born in 1949 in the Logar province of
Afghanistan. He has studied political science and international affairs at the
American University of Beirut. He later attended Columbia University. At
Columbia, he earned his Master's and PhD in Anthropology. He has also attended
the Harvard-INSEAD and Stanford business schools leadership training program
for the World Bank. He served on the faculty of Kabul University (1973-77),
Aarhus University in Denmark (1977), University of California, Berkeley (1983),
and Johns Hopkins University (1983-1991). His academic research was on
state-building and social transformations. In 1985 he undertook a year of
fieldwork researching Pakistani Madrasas as a Fulbright Scholar. He has also
studied comparative religion. He joined the World Bank in 1991, working on
projects in East Asia and South Asia until the mid 1990s. In 1996, he pioneered
the application of institutional and organizational
analysis to macro processes of change and reform, working directly on the
adjustment program of the Russian coal industry and carrying out reviews of the
Bank’s country assistance strategies and structural adjustment programs
globally. He spent five years each in China, India, and Russia managing
large-scale development and institutional transformation projects. He had
worked intensively with the media during the first Gulf War, commenting on
major radio and television programs and being interviewed by newspapers.
(Ashraf Ghani, bersuku Pashtun, dilahirkan pd 1949 di provinsi Logar
Afghanistan. Dia menimba ilmu politik dan hubungan internasional di Universitas
Amerika Beirut. Berikutnya ia terdaftar di Universitas Columbia. Di sini dia
meraih Master dan PhD untuk Antropologi. Ia juga daftar ke the Harvard-INSEAD
dan Stanford Business School ambil progrm pelatihan kepemimpinan dari Bank
Dunia. Dia bertugas sebagai dosen di Universitas Kabul (1973-77), Universitas
Aarhus Denmark (77), Univeristas California Berkeley (1983), Universitas Johns
Hopkins (1983-91). Penelitian akademiknya tentang pendirian negara dan
transformasi sosial. Pada 1985 dia mengambil satu tahun penelitian lapangan
tentang Madrasah Pakistani (mungkin semacam pesantren, kali?) sebagai peneliti
Fullbright. Dia juga mempelajari perbandingan agama. Dia bergabung dengan Bank
Dunia 1991. Bekerja untuk proyek-proyek di Asia Timur dan Selatan sampai
pertengahan 1990. Pada 1996, dia memimpin penerapan
analisis lembaga dan organisasi kepada proses makro dan reformasi, bekerja
pada program pengaturan industri batubara Rusia dan membawakan tugas peninjauan
thd strategi perbantuan perbankan dan pengaturan struktur global. Dia
menghabiskan waktu lima tahun di Cina, India dan Rusia, mengelola pengembangan
skala besar dan transformasi kelembagaan. Dia bekerja dengan intensif dengan
media selama Perang Teluk, memberi komentar di banyak program radio dan
televisi juga diwawancarai oleh banyak koran)
After 9/11, he took leave without pay from the World Bank and engaged in
intensive interaction with the media, appearing regularly on PBS’s News Hour as
well as BBC, CNN, other television programs, the BBC, Public Radio, other
radios, and writing for major newspapers. In November 2002, he accepted an
appointment as a Special Advisor to the United Nations and assisted Mr. Lakhdar
Brahimi, the Special Representative of the Secretary General to Afghanistan, to
prepare the Bonn Agreement, the process and document that provided the basis of
transfer of power to the people of Afghanistan.
(Setelah 9/11, dia meninggalkan Bank Dunia tanpa mengambil pesangon, bergiat
dalam interaksi intensif dengan media, tampil secara rutin di PBS's News Hour
juga televisi publik BBC dan CNN, radio publik BBC dan menulis untuk bnyak
koran-koran. Pada Novmber 2002, dia diterima pada posisi Penasehat Khusus di
PBB dan membantu Mr Lakhdar Brahimi, perwakilan khusus SekJen PBB untuk
Afghanistan, mempersiapkan kesepakatan Bonn, proses dan dokumen yang memberikan
dasar perpindahan kekuasaan kepada rakyat Afghanistan)
Returning after 24 years to Afghanistan in December 2001, he resigned from his
posts at the UN and World Bank to join the Afghan government as the chief
advisor to President Hamid Karzai on February 1, 2002. He has worked on a pro
bono basis and was among the first officials to disclose his assets. In this
capacity, he worked on the preparation of the Loya Jirgas (grand assemblies)
that elected President Hamid Karzai and approved the Constitution of
Afghanistan. After the election of President Karzai directly by the people of
Afghanistan in October 2004, Mr. Ghani declined to join the cabinet and asked
to be appointed as Chancellor of Kabul University. As Chancellor of the
University, he worked to institute a style of participatory governance among
the faculty, students, and staff, advocating a vision of the university where
men and women with skills and commitment to lead their country in the age of
globalization can be trained.
(Setelah 24 tahun, kembali ke Afghanistan pada Desember 2001, dia mengundurkan
diri dari posnya di PBB dan Bank Dunia bergabung dengan Pemerintahan Afghan
sebagai kepala penasehat Presiden Hamid Karzai pd Februari 2002. Dia bekerja
tanpa upah demi publik dan orang kantoran pertama yang mengungkapkan
kekayaannya. Dalam kapasitas ini, dia bekerja mempersiapkan Loya Jirgas (majlis
raya, MPR?) yang memilih Presiden Hamid Karzai dan menyetujui UU Afghanistan.
Setelah tepilih Presiden Karzai, langsung oleh masyarakat Afghanistan pada
Oktober 2004, Pak Ghani diturunkan untuk bergabung dengan kabinet dan diminta
duduk sebagai Kanselor (Mustasyar) Universitas Kabul. Sebagai mustasyar
univeristas, dia bekerja untuk melembagakan model pemerintahan partisipatoris
(gotong-royong) diantara dosen, mahasiswa dan staf, meluncurkan visi
universitas dimana pria dan wanita dengan keterampilan dan komitmen memimpin
negeri pada era globalisasi dapat dilangsungkan)
Since leaving the university, Dr. Ghani has co-founded the Institute for State
Effectiveness, of which he is Chairman. The Institute has put forward a
framework which proposes that the state should perform ten functions in the
contemporary world in order to serve its citizens. This framework was discussed
by leaders and managers of post-conflict transitions at a meeting sponsored by
the UN and World Bank at the Greentree Estates in September 2005. The program
also proposes that the vehicle of state-building or sovereignty strategies,
underpinned by double compacts between the international community, government
and the population of a country could be used as a basis for organizing aid and
other interventions, and that a sovereignty index to measure state
effectiveness should be compiled on an annual basis.
(sejak meninggalkan universitas, Dr Ghani turut serta mendirikan Lembaga
Ke-efektif-an Negara, dimana ia sbg Kepala. Lembaga ini meletakan kerangka
kerja kedepan yang mengusulkan bahwa negara harus dapat mengunjuk-kerjakan
sepuluh fungsi di dunia kontemporer dalam rangka melayani warganya. Kerangka
ini didiskusikan oleh para pemimpin dan tokoh paska konflik pada pertemuan yang
disponsori PBB dan Bank Dunia di Greentree Estates September 2005. Program juga
mengusulkan kendaraan bangunan negara atau strategi kedaulatan, yang disokong
oleh dua kekompakan antara komunitas internasional, pemerintah dan penduduk
negeri dapat digunakan sebagai basis mengupayakan bantuan dan
intervensi-intervensi yang lain, dan juga mengusulkan indek kedaulatan untuk
mengukur keefektifan negara yang dihitung secara tahunan)
Mr. Ghani was tipped as a candidate to succeed Kofi Annan as Secretary General
of the United Nations at the end of 2006.[2] His name was floated in a front
page report in The Financial Times (September 18, 2006) which went on to quote
him as saying, “I hope to win, through ideas.” Two distinguished experts on
international relations told the paper that "the UN would be very lucky indeed
to have him" and praised his "tremendous intellect, talent and capacity."
(Pak Ghani pernah diusung sebagai kandidat untuk menggantikan Kofi Annan
sebagai SekJen PBB pada ujung 200d. Namanya mencuat di halaman depan di the
Financial Times (september 16, 2006) yang dikutip melalui kata-katanya: "saya
berharap menang melalui ide-ide". "Dua pakar bidang hubungan internasional
bilang ke koran ini bahwa "PBB sungguh akan sangat beruntung memilikinya" dan
memujinya "intelek, talenta dan kapasitas yang mengagumkan")
Doubts about his temperament seemed to be haunting him a few months later, in
April 2007, when his name appeared as a possible candidate to head the World
Bank.
(Keraguan pada perilakunya dirasakan sebagai yang menghantuinya beberapa bulan
berikutnya, pada April 2007, ketika namanya muncul sebagai calon potensial
sebagai kepala Bank Dunia)
Mr. Ghani has been sought as a public speaker and in 2005 given the keynote
speeches for a number of meetings including the American Bar Association’s
International Rule of Law Symposium, the Trans-Atlantic Policy Network, the
annual meeting of the Norwegian Government’s development staff, CSIS’ meeting
on UN reform, the UN-OECD-World Bank’s meeting on Fragile States, and
TEDGlobal. He has contributed to the Financial Times, International Herald
Tribune, Los Angeles Times, New York Times, the Wall Street Journal, and the
Washington Post.
(Pak Ghani adalah orang yang dicari-cari sebagai pembicara publik dan pada 2005
dia menyampaikan ceramah keynote untuk pertemuan yang melibatkan Simposium
Aturan Hukum Internasional di Asosiasi Bar Amerika, Jaringan Kebijakan
Trans-Atlantik, pertemuan tahunan para staf pembangunan Pemerintah Norwegia,
pertemuan CSIS tentang reformasi PBB, pertemuan PBB OECD-Bank Dunia tentang
Kondisi Getas, dan TEDGlobal. Dia menyumbangkan pemikiran di the Financial
Times, International Herald Tribune, Los Angeles Times, New York Times, the
Wall Street Journal dan the Washington Post)
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