CONAMAQ: Govt using #MotherEarthLaw<http://twitter.com/search?q=%23MotherEarthLaw> *"to justify a developmentalist extractive + industrializing vision"* bit.ly/Q9doyS #Bolivia <http://twitter.com/search?q=%23Bolivia> 3 hours ago<http://twitter.com/CarwilJ/statuses/239008306549620736> Highland #indigenous <http://twitter.com/search?q=%23indigenous> CONAMAQ: "Equilibrium with Mother Earth" rhetoric is propaganda bit.ly/Q9doyS #Bolivia <http://twitter.com/search?q=%23Bolivia> #eco<http://twitter.com/search?q=%23eco> #irony <http://twitter.com/search?q=%23irony> 3 hours ago<http://twitter.com/CarwilJ/statuses/239007932929425408> Bolivia Mother Earth law text: "Promote the industrialization of the components of Mother Earth" bit.ly/Q9doyS #eco<http://twitter.com/search?q=%23eco> #irony <http://twitter.com/search?q=%23irony> 3 hours ago<http://twitter.com/CarwilJ/statuses/239007513306087424> #Indigenous <http://twitter.com/search?q=%23Indigenous> negotiators walk out of drafting meeting for #Bolivia<http://twitter.com/search?q=%23Bolivia>'s Mother Earth law bit.ly/Q9doyS #eco <http://twitter.com/search?q=%23eco> 3 hours ago <http://twitter.com/CarwilJ/statuses/239007353545060352> Bolivias new Mother Earth Law to sideline indigenous rights | Carwil without Borders bit.ly/Q9doyS 3 hours ago<http://twitter.com/CarwilJ/statuses/239006820541272064> Regional Human Rights Defender urges reconciliation within CIDOB indigenous confederation, tells govt to stay out bit.ly/P2pp3j 5 hours ago<http://twitter.com/CarwilJ/statuses/238976616183771137>
*Meanwhile Bolivian labor federation prepares to run independent slate in 2014 legislative elections **bit.ly/P8WOL7* <http://bit.ly/P8WOL7>* * *Since 2010, **#EvoMorales* <http://twitter.com/search?q=%23EvoMorales>* &MAS label dissidents within the party "infiltrators"; now they will be purged **bit.ly/P8WOL7* <http://bit.ly/P8WOL7>* * *MAS party, Bolivia's peasant unions to review their members for loyalty before 2014 elections **bit.ly/P8WOL7* <http://bit.ly/P8WOL7> http://woborders.wordpress.com/2012/08/24/new-mother-earth-law-sidelines-indigenous/ Bolivias new Mother Earth Law to sideline indigenous rights August 24, 2012 in Bolivia<http://woborders.wordpress.com/category/bolivia-2/>, Indigenous rights<http://woborders.wordpress.com/category/indigenous-rights/>, Thinking about the state<http://woborders.wordpress.com/category/thinking-about-the-state/>| Tags: Evo Morales <http://woborders.wordpress.com/tag/evo-morales/>, extractive industries <http://woborders.wordpress.com/tag/extractive-industries/>, free prior and informed consent<http://woborders.wordpress.com/tag/free-prior-and-informed-consent/>, indigenous rights <http://woborders.wordpress.com/tag/indigenous-rights-2/>, neo-extractivism <http://woborders.wordpress.com/tag/neo-extractivism/>, Rights of Mother Earth <http://woborders.wordpress.com/tag/rights-of-mother-earth/>, UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples<http://woborders.wordpress.com/tag/un-declaration-on-the-rights-of-indigenous-peoples/> Bolivia, the country that became synonymous with indigenous and environmental rights on the global diplomatic stage, is about to approve a Mother Earth Law that lacks the blessing of the countrys leading indigenous organizations and undermines indigenous communities rights to prior consultation. Thursday (August 23), the National Council of Ayllus and Markas of Qollasuyu (CONAMAQ) publicly walked out of the Chamber of Deputies drafting session<http://www.erbol.com.bo/noticia.php?identificador=2147483962899>on the Framework Law on Mother Earth and Integral Development for Living Well (*Ley Marco de la Madre Tierra y Desarrollo Integral para Vivir Bien*). CONAMAQ Spokesman David Crispin explained the walk out: We in CONAMAQ dave decided to withdraw from the drafting because we do not want to be complicit, alongside the Plurinational Assembly, in building a Law of Integral Development that will damage the Pachamama/Mother Earth. nosotros del CONAMAQ hemos decidido retirarnos del tratamiento porque no queremos ser cómplices, juntamente con la Asamblea Plurinacional, en construir una Ley de Desarrollo Integral que va dañar a la Pachamama The government had already broken off contact with the Confederation of Indigenous Peoples of Bolivia (CIDOB) and the government-backed alternate leadership of the organization does not appear to be involved in the drafting process. Readers of the English-language press may be thoroughly confused at this point. *Doesnt Bolivia already have a Mother Earth law, the strongest in the world?* Many in the international environmental community know that Bolivia that introduced the concept of the Rights of Mother Earth to the world, hosted a global conference on Climate Change and the Rights of Mother Earth [past coverage: 1<http://woborders.wordpress.com/2010/04/17/cochabamba-hosts-the-world/> |2<http://woborders.wordpress.com/2010/04/19/and-here-we-go-how-we-got-here/> |3<http://woborders.wordpress.com/2010/04/21/cmpcc-root-causes-of-climate-change/>] in April 2010, and passed the Law on the Rights of Mother Earth [Wikipedia<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law_of_the_Rights_of_Mother_Earth>] in December 2010. What is less widely known is that *the law that was passed was only a rough statement of principles*a declaratory short law*with no legal force behind it*. Even the short law featured just 10 of the 12 principles worked out by the grassroots organizations in Bolivias Pact of Unity: right of indigenous peoples to freely consent to or reject megaprojects on their lands was cut at the last minute. In April 2011, Senator Julio Salazar (MAS) who is in charge of the laws progress, declared<http://www.erbol.com.bo/indigena/noticia.php?identificador=2147483943551>, Our indigenous brothers cannot block taking advantage of natural resources. Salazars position, embraced by the Evo Morales government as a whole, has been influential over the past two years. As highlighted by the TIPNIS controversy, the Bolivian government has prioritized national economic development over local indigenous choices; publicly vowed to ignore local opposition to transport, hydrocarbon, and mining projects; and backtracked from guarantees of indigenous rights to free, prior, and informed consent regarding projects on their territories. Alongside other left goverments in the region, these policies tie continued mining, drilling, and pumping of natural resources to greater social spending, a combination called neo-extractivism. The transformation of the Law on the Rights of Mother Earth into a Law on Mother Earth and Integral Development reflects all of these trends. The draft law (complete text<http://www.icees.org.bo/2012/06/ley-marco-de-la-madre-tierra-y-desarrollo-integral-para-vivir-bien/>), already fully approved by the Bolivian Senate, declares a governmental obligation to* Promote the industrialization of the components of Mother Earth,* while surrounding this objective with extensive promises about respecting the rights and development of indigenous nations and peoples, safety monitoring, clean technologies, and so on. In short, Integral Development in the proposed Bolivian law is about conditioning industrial extraction on environmental compliance (the environmental policy framework embraced throughout the West, from the Clean Air Act to the World Bank), not about rethinking the extractive model. In a letter to Rebecca Delgado, the President of Chamber of Deputies, CONAMAQ argues: The draft only keeps Living Well as an alternative civilizational horizon to capitalism and Equilibrium with Mother Earth by way of proclamation (i.e., propaganda). The Draft Law does not propose a change in the structural basis of the capitalist system, nor reconfiguration of the nation-state. El proyecto solo conserva el Vivir Bien como horizonte civilizatorio alternativo al Capitalismo y el Equilibrio con la Madre Tierra de manera enunciativa (propaganda). El Proyecto de ley *no propone un cambio de las bases estructurales del sistema Capitalista*, ni una reconfiguración del Estado nación. In CONAMAQs analysis, Integral Development is introduced as a framework of processes and rights that conflict with one another. The rights of Mother Earth, rights of indigenous peoples, rights of peasants, right to development, and the right to escape from poverty are all intermixed. CONAMAQ argues the law incorporates the right to development and the right to esacape from poverty *so as to justify a developmentalist, extractive, and industrializing vision*. [Incorpora el derecho al desarrollo y el derecho a salir de la pobreza* para justificar un visión desarrollista, extractiva e industrializadora*] In my analysis (and here Ill put my environmental policy degree on the line), combining these rights into a single mix will allow future Bolivian governments to decide on which right gets prioritized. Under the aegis of integral development, governments can decide to value oil revenues spent on antipoverty programs over an indigenous peoples rights to refuse drilling on their territory. (And the public statements of the Morales government make it clear they have every intent to make just that choice.) The proposed law is also weaker than its well-known (but inoperative) predecessor on three key points: - *Legally enforceable rights of the Earth and life systems* These rights are first the responsibility of the government itself, although affected persons and collectivities may intervene in court as well. However, these rights are limited to the framework of Integral Development for Living Well, limiting any ecological rights independent of the overall economic plan. In cases where a government agency and a private entity both step in to defend these rights, the case will be consolidated, perhaps making it difficult for independent critics to gain the ear of the courts. (Its worth noting that the original law was weaker than realized. The concept life systems that include human societies and ecosystems in a single interwoven package sounds intellectually innovative, but makes ecosystem protection much more complicated than a straightforward law like the USs Endangered Species Act.) - *Mother Earth Defenders Office unspecified* Both the new law and the December 2010 call for the creation of a Defensoría de la Madre Tierra, equivalent in rank to the Human Rights Defenders Office (Defensoría del Pueblo, often called the Human Rights Ombudsman). However, other than a one-year deadline, no specifics are included in the new law. - *Indigenous free, prior, and informed consent* As expected, the new law does not explicitly recognize indigenous communities right to approve or reject projects on their territories, as required by the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, which Bolivia incorporated into its national laws. The term free, prior, and informed consultation does appear in a subordinate clause:Generation of the necessary conditions for the use and appropriation of the components of Mother Earth in the framework of sustainable life systems which integrally develop the social, ecological, cultural and economic aspects of the Bolivian people, taking into account the knowledge of each indigenous, native, peasant, intercultural, and Afro-Bolivian nation and people, in the framework of free, prior, and informed consultation. Generación de condiciones necesarias para el uso y aprovechamiento de los componentes de la Madre Tierra en el marco de sistemas de vida sustentables que desarrollen integralmente los aspectos sociales, ecológicos, culturales y económicos del pueblo boliviano tomando en cuenta los saberes y conocimientos de cada nación y pueblo indígena originario campesino, comunidad intercultural y afro boliviana, en el marco de la consulta previa, libre e informada. *This verbiage makes indigenous consultation into just another phase of the approval process for using and appropriating Mother Earth. The protections for indigenous rights and the idea of a new relationship with the Earth and its ecosystems have been shelved for now in the Bolivian legislature.* ------------------------- [Non-text portions of this message have been removed] ------------------------------------ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- LAAMN: Los Angeles Alternative Media Network --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Unsubscribe: <mailto:[email protected]> --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Subscribe: <mailto:[email protected]> --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Digest: <mailto:[email protected]> --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Help: <mailto:[email protected]?subject=laamn> --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Post: <mailto:[email protected]> --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Archive1: <http://www.egroups.com/messages/laamn> --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Archive2: <http://www.mail-archive.com/[email protected]> --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Yahoo! 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