In a message dated 9/12/03 1:30:07 AM Eastern Daylight Time, 
[EMAIL PROTECTED] writes:

<< I measured/weighed the most common ingredients.  I found that the American
 tablespoon is about the same as a dessert spoon in England, and the teaspoon
 doesn't veer far from the teaspoon (as with a cup o')  Here they are:
 
 Cake flour - 1 cup = 3 oz
 Plain flour - 1 cup = 4 oz
 Unbleached flour - 1 cup = 5 oz
 Sugar - 1 cup = 8 oz.
 Icing sugar - 1 cup = 4 oz (this is the same as confectioners sugar)
 Brown sugar, packed - � cup = 4 oz  1 cup = 8 oz
 Solid vegetable shortening - � cup = 4 oz
 Dry, uncooked regular oatmeal - 2 cups = 5 oz
 Raisins - 1 cup = 5 oz
 Chocolate chips - 1 cup = 6 oz
  >>
----
Dear Lacemakers,

Betty Ann's conversions do not cover all measures, but it occurred to me that 
keeping a copy of what she has converted would be helpful to Americans if 
printed and placed in "Cattern Cakes and Lace - A Calendar of Feasts", by Julia 
Jones & Barbara Deer, published by Dorling Kindersley of London in 1987, ISBN 
0-86318-252-6.

The above book is in full color, with lovely pictures of laces and lace tools 
sprinkled on the pages of recipes.  If you see it for sale on eBay, it is a 
book you might enjoy.

Cattern Cakes, the first recipe in the book, is the only one I ever tried 
from this book.  "Jeri does NOT cook", is my mantra.   Not surprisingly, my 
"cakes" were not a success.  This was probably because I did not get the 
measurements correct, but considering lack of experience...it was culinary stupidity.

The book explains that Cattern Cakes were traditionally served on November 
25th (easy to remember - one month before Christmas).  St. Catherine's Day was 
named after St. Catherine of Alexandria, martyred in 310 AD.  (The instruments 
of her death are reported to have been a spiked wheel and a sword.)  She 
became known as the patron of unmarried girls.  Eventually, the wheel became the 
emblem of spinners and lacemakers, for whom she became a patron saint.

Later - in England's history - this day was chosen to honor Queen Katherine 
of Aragon, who was patron of local lacemakers during her imprisonment at 
Ampthill.  The poor lacemakers set aside small amounts of money so they could serve 
cakes and tea on this day.

So this will not take off as a topic of discussion, let me add that the 
stories of St. Catherine of Alexandria and Queen Katherine of Aragon were very 
fully debated on Arachne a couple years ago.  

This memo is about the beliefs in England.  There are conflicting beliefs in 
other countries.  Rather than write on and on and on, I recommend you do a 
variety of on-line searches for further information.  You will soon see that 
there are a variety of interpretations of the origins of St. Catherine of 
Alexandria, St. Catherine's Day, etc. 

Jeri Ames in Maine USA
Lace and Embroidery Resource Center

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