Actually the 16th was not legally ratified, but the 14th was. The big mistake many people make is assuming that the 14th creates a new class of citizens. It does not. Anyone who is a state citizen is also a federal citizen. It is impossible to be a citizen of a state without being a federal citizen. It is possible to be a federal citizen without being a state citizen. This is only possible if you are born and live within a U.S. territory (Guam, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands, Washington D.C., etc.) But if you move to a state, you become a state citizen too.
--- In [email protected], "David Macko" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > > The Fourteenth Amendment was never legally ratified. > > For life and liberty, > David Macko > > ----- Original Message ----- > From: "Melissa Lakewood" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> > To: <[email protected]> > Sent: Sunday, February 12, 2006 4:18 PM > Subject: [Libertarian] There Should Be No "Civil Rights" > > > From http://melissasliberty.blogspot.com/ > Copyright 2006. Permission is granted to forward and repost, as long > as you use the article in its entirety with this reference at the top. > > > > There Should Be No "Civil Rights" > > Ok, the title of this post is obviously going to shock and outrage > some people, but please read on before passing judgement. > > I think the term "civil rights" is one of the most misused terms in > our language today. > > civÆil rightsÆ, (often caps.) > 1. rights to personal liberty established by the 13th and 14th > Amendments to the U.S. Constitution and certain Congressional acts, > esp. as applied to an individual or a minority group. > 2. the rights to full legal, social, and economic equality extended to > blacks. > [1715-25] > -civÆil-rightsÆ, adj. > - Random House Websters Unabridged Dictionary for Windows, Version 3 > > The reason this country had to add "civil rights" is that when the > United States was first founded, some people were left out of having > their rights recognized, specifically women and the racial minorities > of that time. > > One of the first things that comes to mind is voting. > > But what if we went back and rewrote the Constitution from scratch in > a modern context? Should voting even be called a "civil right"? > > When we examine the essence of rights, there's are really basically > only one kind of rightful rights, and those would more properly be > termed "human rights", things that humans should rightfully be able to do. > > huÆman rightsÆ, > fundamental rights, esp. those believed to belong to an individual and > in whose exercise a government may not interfere, as the rights to > speak, associate, work, etc. > [1785-95] > - Random House Websters Unabridged Dictionary for Windows, Version 3 > > The dictionary says fundamental because the right of women and racial > minorities to vote, was not previously considered a fundamental human > right, but in the context of modern times, shouldn't it be? > > "Men who deny individual rights cannot claim, defend or uphold any > rights whatsoever. ... The liberals are guilty of the same > contradiction, but in a different form. They advocate the sacrifice of > all individual rights to unlimited majority rule - yet posture as > defenders of the rights of minorities. But the smallest minority on > earth is the individual. Those who deny individual rights cannot claim > to be defenders of minorities." - Ayn Rand > > So if we were modernizing the Constitution and our Bill of Rights, why > call the right to vote a "civil right" at all? And that's the basis of > my claim that there should really be no such things as "civil rights", > because legitimate human rights are really the only rights that are > needed. > > Therefore Article 29 has been added to the Planetary Bill of Rights > Project at http://planetarybillofrights.org/ > > Article 29 > > All free adults shall have the right to vote in their local, state and > national elections, but no issue involving the initiation of force > shall be on any ballot. > > **Except to repeal laws which sanction it. DM** > ForumWebSiteAt http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Libertarian Yahoo! Groups Links <*> To visit your group on the web, go to: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Libertarian/ <*> To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] <*> Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to: http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
