I found an example of exact_sol.extra_quadrature_order()
in adaptivity_ex3.C.

Also, I found if I refined the mesh upfront (though the -n_refinements
argument, e.g., set it to 5), L2 error would monotonically decrease with
more refinements. Previously, I set n_refinements to 0 to get a small
10-elements-11-nodes mesh at the first time step for debugging purpose. Now
I know that is questionable in view of error analysis as Roy explained.

--Junchao Zhang

On Thu, Jan 28, 2016 at 6:50 PM, Derek Gaston <fried...@gmail.com> wrote:

> Also: it can depend on integration error in the integration of the L2
> Error. We're still using quadrature to integrate... so if that quadrature
> is poor you can "miss" solution features on a coarse grid that then show up
> as you refine the mesh (which refines the quadrature too) leading to higher
> error.
>
> One way to combat that is to use the "extra quadrature order" capability
> when computing the L2 Norm of the error... it allows you to "fine up" your
> quadrature to give you a better integral on the coarse mesh. I don't
> remember exactly how to do that on the moment (currently on my phone on the
> subway)... so if you snoop around a bit and don't find it... write back in.
>
> Derek
> On Thu, Jan 28, 2016 at 1:36 PM Roy Stogner <royst...@ices.utexas.edu>
> wrote:
>
>>
>> On Wed, 27 Jan 2016, Junchao Zhang wrote:
>>
>> > Time = 0.025, refinement step = 0, elements =       10, l2_error =
>> 0.443873
>> > Time = 0.025, refinement step = 1, elements =       40, l2_error =
>> 0.045196
>> > Time = 0.025, refinement step = 2, elements =      160, l2_error =
>> 0.131169
>> > Time = 0.025, refinement step = 3, elements =      640, l2_error =
>> 0.116789
>> > Time = 0.025, refinement step = 4, elements =     2560, l2_error =
>> 0.118175
>> >
>> >
>> > I am curious why sometimes L2 error gets bigger, e.g., from r_step 1 to
>> > r_step 2.  Don't more refinements give smaller errors?
>>
>> If your solve's discretization error is your only source of error, and
>> if you're solving a self-adjoint problem, then more refinements should
>> *always* give you smaller errors.
>>
>> This problem isn't self-adjoint, so the convection term can cause
>> convergence to be more erratic, but I don't think that's the problem
>> here.
>>
>> The problem might be that you've got two sources of discretization
>> error here: the discretization for the solve, and the discretization
>> for the initial conditions.  If you project the initial conditions and
>> then refine, rather than refine and then project, you won't actually
>> have improved your approximation of the initial conditions.  So you
>> won't converge to the exact solution you want, you'll converge to the
>> solution of the PDE with the wrong initial conditions.
>> ---
>> Roy
>>
>>
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