GPS didn't fail, the GPS enhancing systems known as Satellite-Based Augmentation System, at least the one used in NZ, failed.

This is from a post on Reddit:

Few people in these comments understand how Ag GPS systems works. My systems track GPS And Glonass satellites. I’m tracking anywhere from 10 to 20 satellites at a time. The more satellites I can track at a time the better. To make the solution accurate enough to be useful for farming, a correction service is used. That’s what the malfunctioning satellite was passing to the farmers. In the US we have a free correction system called WAAS that takes it from meters of accuracy to something like six to 12 inches. A paid subscription service will get you down to an inch of repeatability. These services are usually delivered by satellite because it’s normally the most reliable way. You can also deliver them by cell or by radio. Rural areas aren’t known for great cell coverage and radios are only capable of shorter distances.

Farmers use this to automatically steer their tractors, tell their planters where and when to plant, and turn sections of their sprayer booms on and off. They’re also used to log where and what you’ve done which is very important for crop management. Equipment is so wide that the operator can’t just efficiently freehand it without overlapping. You can also work late into the night when you just can’t see anymore. Sub meter, sub foot, and sub inch levels of accuracy are amazing technology that I’d rather not farm without. I can do it, but it makes for a harder less efficient day.

This explains how Real Time Kinematic (RTK) GPS works. https://www.fjdynamics.com/blog/12-Why-Is-RTK-Essential-to-Agriculture--

There's more about all this at

https://www.reddit.com/r/technology/comments/12u1ugc/farming_satellite_failure_cripples_farmers_as/

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Regards
brd

Bernard Robertson-Dunn
Canberra Australia
email: [email protected]

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