Why to have so many penguins? Linux is a multiuser multitask O/S, and
works nice, so there is no need put every application to different O/S. 1
IFL: the processor speed is the mainframe's weekness so having more
VM+kernel+... overhead is not a good idea.

On the other hand, one accidental slip of the finger in a combined services
configuration and you take down multiple services. It's the principle of not
putting all your eggs in one basket -- if there is no artificial scarcity of
"hardware", there is no reason to combine services because you can actually
deliver one server, one application at a reasonable cost point with
acceptable performance, and you don't risk breaking other services
accidentally. Yes, not screamingly fast, but reasonable, and how many
applications *really* need 3 Ghz CPUs for anything but bragging rights? If
your application *really* needs that kind of horsepower, you're on the wrong
system anyway -- you need big Intel or PPC engines, not zSeries.

Combined services models also increase the complexity of deployments and
system management; it's very hard to control resource allocation between
competing applications inside a single Linux system. It's trivial to balance
workloads in separate virtual machines.

Think about it: when's the last time you considered shared web hosting
services for anything *really* business-critical? Why wouldn't you do that?
Same reasons apply here.

Some problems really *do* need big monolithic LPARs (although that's where I
start to think that it's probably the wrong platform for the app unless it
really is written to exploit zSeries hw features). Most don't, and managing
LPARs is a LOT more expensive in people time than managing virtual machines
under VM. Computer capacity is a lot less expensive than humans these days.
I'll gladly buy more CPU resource if I don't have to buy more people.

-- db

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