> My impression is that JBoss is similar to Websphere as it 
> runs Java programs in a shared environment (like CICS runs 
> traditional compiled code programs).

Conceptually correct. All three create a idealized environment for
applications to consume basic services like session management, data
marshalling, etc. 

> Then, a discussion of Oracle AS starts raising its head.
> Is there are things Oracle AS can do, that JBoss (or 
> Websphere) doesn't?

The major differences are in *what* additional pre-provided services are
present in each one. If your application is written to expect features
and functions that are present by default in one of the application
servers, then it will fail if those services aren't there. Obvious, but
that's the major problem here -- it's technically possible to deploy an
app written for WAS to Jboss, for example, but you'd have to chase down
all the WAS stuff that the app uses, extract it from WAS, deploy it to
Jboss, do all the testing over, and then deal with any errors that
happen because some weirdness in WAS isn't the same as it's done
elsewhere. 

So, the usual reasons for not running in uncertified environments. It's
possible, but do you need the hassle?

> Why would you use one over the other, and in what situations?

See above. From a programmer's point of view, it's all about testing and
initial capability. The value of WAS and Oracle AS is that they provide
lots of convenient and useful programming widgets that you don't have to
write yourself. Jboss does too, but they're *different* from the WAS or
Oracle AS widgets. 

Rule of thumb I use: if you are in a hurry, or need to support an
application written for a specific toolkit, use WAS or Oracle AS. If
you're writing your own stuff, use Jboss. It's more portable and allows
to move things if they don't perform well. 

> Different departments, different directions.

Fortunately, you can create virtual machines to accommodate...8-)

> But if it makes sense, perhaps I can make this one full copy 
> license for Websphere (assuming a lower total cost).

Don't even try. It's a huge amount of work, and the vendors probably
won't support you. 

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