Hi Bill from the distant past....

I am NOT NOT NOT asking you to take you time to explain to me, just point to 
existing documents (including any you may have written that you can share). 
warning: I have been out of mainframes for 20 years and had no formal training 
on x86 computers.

My ONLY question to you is the goal below.   Are you aware of any printed 
books, downloadable documents, other list servers where I can ask, or can you 
suggest how I could craft a web search for:

Wanted--

An explanation (and comparison) of x86 vs IBM virtualization, for a person with 
ONLY zVM background.

Including glossary of terms (like what we called core cancer, t think they call 
memory leak).

Hopefully explaining x86 ring levels beyond their existence level that I am 
aware of.

Optional bonus: A comparison x86 vs ARM, and within x86, AMD vs Intel. And are 
there add-on hardware memory managers that might not easily be identified when 
I walk into a computer store to buy one? As to which is "better", or do each 
have advantages in some areas? I hadn't thought about this till I started this 
email, and have found some promising articles, but so far all written for 
somebody whose vocabulary base is x86...which is like middle english would be 
to me. I have not written in machine code for small computers beyond the Z-80.

Also I would like details on malware exposures and how to protect the 
hypervisor from them. For instance, it seems to me that "buffer overrun" 
(though historically mostly winblows) could in theory happen in any intel based 
system since unlike mainframes, the hardware does not hard block the end of the 
input buffer.

I read about X86 type 1 vs type 2 hypervisors, but then details of some 
purported type 1 sound more like type 2 to me. Then I found Qubes (and I think 
parents, children and siblings of it) which at first glance sounds like the 
most extreme type 1 possible given the x86 memory architecture. But it seems 
Qubes is still not complete. And maybe to be secure, to I need to have multiple 
Ethernet adapters, one for each guest? Or maybe running a linux firewall in a 
read-only guest would suffice?

personal disappointment: Wikipedia seems totally ignorant of any virtualization 
other than IBM-z/x86/sparc/arm/power, while every other mainframe manufacturer 
I presume has some form, HP, Digital, I think I even heard that some big cisco 
routers virtualization, and other IBM product lines, but maybe they were other 
processors under the covers, such as later AS/400s being power processors. Some 
quick searches show many of them migrating to ARM, MIPS, etc, so maybe not. 
Except there was a reference to MIPS virtualization, which is not in the table 
in wikipedia. Oh, MIPS is dead, maybe RISC-V? Quick search seems to indicate 
there is no working hypervisor for RISC-V yet, but it is in development?

--Carey

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