Linux-Development-Sys Digest #812, Volume #7 Sat, 29 Apr 00 17:13:16 EDT
Contents:
Re: What does this mean? (Eric Buddington)
Question on system monitoring tool "top" (chris)
Re: Question on system monitoring tool "top" ("V.Vijay Kumar")
Re: logging in as root over SSH (Stefaan A Eeckels)
scheduling (Anshul Kothari)
Re: Ext2Fs questions (Andreas Rottmann)
Re: test case harness for Linux? (Nix)
Re: scheduling (Matthew Palmer)
Re: Question on system monitoring tool "top" (Mattias Engdeg�rd)
Chad Myers Lies 205 Times For Microsoft (was: Time for the MS-rats to desert (Mark
S. Bilk)
Re: scheduling (Kaz Kylheku)
SCSI problem (Chetan Ahuja)
Kernel modules, what can be done with them? (Jean-Paul Chemaly)
,,\/,,.HP LaserJet 3150 Users... Can You Print Landscape???..,,`
([EMAIL PROTECTED])
Re: Chad Myers Lies 205 Times For Microsoft (was: Time for the MS-rats to desert
("Christopher Smith")
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Eric Buddington)
Subject: Re: What does this mean?
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Date: Sat, 29 Apr 2000 04:10:34 GMT
In article <pe5N4.117$[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, Michael wrote:
>
> What does "__attribute__ ((packed))" mean?!?!?
I believe it means that the elements of the structure are
packed in as tightly as possible, instead of aligning them
on word boundaries.
------------------------------
From: chris <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Question on system monitoring tool "top"
Date: Sat, 29 Apr 2000 13:30:16 +0800
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Hi,
I use "top" to monitor my linux box. Could anyone explain which figure
is the most important to determine whether my machine reach performance
bottleneck.
1. What is the meaning of load average? What value is normal and what's
the threshold value of high loading?
2. Which one is more important when determining the system loading: load
average or CPU states?
3. At the CUP status row, it's breakdown into user, system, nice and
idle, I have high nice value (up to 60) but quite low user (15) and
system (10) values, does it
mean that linux box is very busy?
Thanks!
chris
------------------------------
From: "V.Vijay Kumar" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Question on system monitoring tool "top"
Date: Sat, 29 Apr 2000 17:34:11 +0530
"chris" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote in message
news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]...
> Hi,
> I use "top" to monitor my linux box. Could anyone explain which figure
>
> is the most important to determine whether my machine reach performance
> bottleneck.
> 1. What is the meaning of load average? What value is normal and what's
>
> the threshold value of high loading?
Load average is the average number of processes ready to run in the last
n minutes.
In the top command , the load average is shown for last 1, 5 and 15
minutes.
> 2. Which one is more important when determining the system loading: load
>
> average or CPU states?
>
I think both these values are in sync with each other. Whenever the system
load increases,
you will find the load average increasing, and the CPU states figure will
show increase in user
and system values and a decrease in idle value.
> 3. At the CUP status row, it's breakdown into user, system, nice and
> idle, I have high nice value (up to 60) but quite low user (15) and
> system (10) values, does it
> mean that linux box is very busy?
Yes. The nice value shows the amount of time CPU has spent in niced tasks
i.e. tasks whose value
have negative nice value. These are tasks whose priority has been
increased.
Vijay.
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Stefaan A Eeckels)
Subject: Re: logging in as root over SSH
Date: 29 Apr 2000 12:05:23 GMT
In article <pl7O4.62254$[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
[EMAIL PROTECTED] writes:
> Peter Mardahl <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>> Unless of course, the machine logs to another machine. But that can
>> be circumvented very easily too.
>
> Unless, of course, the machine logs use of SU to a hardcopy
> terminal. ;)
Don't laugh. I implemented such a scheme back in the late
80ies on request of our internal auditors. They wanted all
root activity logged to a printer located in a locked cabinet
in their offices.
This sillyness got junked when the auditor in charge forgot to
check the paper, and the whole system froze (at 0200) because
the paper ran out. The operators didn't have a key, no-one
in the computer department had a key (not even the head honcho,
because this was all about "we don't trust you"), and a fair bit
of time (and money) was lost before the guy with the key was
located, and browbeaten into interrupting his night to come
in and unlock the cabinet. Basically, he thought it was a prank
and he didn't show up before 0830 the following morning.
>
>> Basically, you're mildly inconveniencing every legitimate use (log in,
>> SU), in order to mildly inconvenience an illegitimate use (hopefully rare).
>
> It does provide two other useful benefits in some rare
> circumstances. First, it prevents either the root password or key from
> being exposed on another host. (ie, what if someone broke into the
> machine you're sshing from and replaced ssh) And it's nice to know who
> was root if you have multiple administrators that aren't nefarious,
> just error prone. (ie, Who the hell wrote this stupid motd? ;)
I agree. With a large team of adminstrators, it's better to give
them access to root through their own password.
--
Stefaan
--
--PGP key available from PGP key servers (http://www.pgp.net/pgpnet/)--
Ninety-Ninety Rule of Project Schedules:
The first ninety percent of the task takes ninety percent of
the time, and the last ten percent takes the other ninety percent.
------------------------------
From: Anshul Kothari <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: scheduling
Date: Sat, 29 Apr 2000 14:39:37 GMT
I want to learn how does the process scheduling is done in linux. Can any one
give me a pointer to some reading material available over the net.
anshul
------------------------------
From: Andreas Rottmann <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.development,comp.os.linux.development.apps
Subject: Re: Ext2Fs questions
Date: 28 Apr 2000 22:40:29 +0200
[Lots of text about high-performace block access]
Perhaps the easiest solution is to dedicate a whole partition to your
app - this way you don't have to worry about "holes" in files...
BTW: You schould set a followup when X-Posting!
Andy
--
Andreas Rottmann (Dru@ICQ, 54523380@ICQ)
Pfeilgasse 4-6/725, A-1080 Wien, Austria, Europe
http://www.penguinpowered.com/~andy/
mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
[one of 78,35% Austrians who didn�t vote for Haider!]
------------------------------
From: Nix <$}xinix{[email protected]>
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.development.apps
Subject: Re: test case harness for Linux?
Date: 29 Apr 2000 16:55:07 +0100
[EMAIL PROTECTED] (Douglas H. Steves) writes:
> Is there a test case harness for Linux? Nothing fancy, just something that
> will establish a standard environment, run a set of tests and do cleanup
> after each test, while keeping a tally of passes/failures.
Have a look at DejaGNU.
--
Root beer --- the drink of the BOFH.
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Matthew Palmer)
Subject: Re: scheduling
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Date: 30 Apr 2000 03:41:09 +1000
Anshul Kothari is of the opinion:
>I want to learn how does the process scheduling is done in linux. Can any one
>give me a pointer to some reading material available over the net.
The Linux Kernel source code. It might even be on your machine already.
There's a few documents around describing what the kernel does - Linux
Kernel Internals (or am I mixing that with a real book?) and also the Kernel
Hacker's Guide might be able to help you.
The LDP is your friend. Perhaps you should try looking first...
--
=======================================================================
#include <disclaimer.h>
Matthew Palmer
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Mattias Engdeg�rd)
Subject: Re: Question on system monitoring tool "top"
Date: 29 Apr 00 17:26:54 GMT
"V.Vijay Kumar" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> writes:
> I think both these values are in sync with each other. Whenever the system
>load increases,
> you will find the load average increasing, and the CPU states figure will
>show increase in user
> and system values and a decrease in idle value.
Observe that you can never use more than 100% CPU, but the load can rise above
1.00. If you have three CPU-intensive tasks running, load will be around 3,
but your CPU usage will still be 100% (on a single-processor machine).
> Yes. The nice value shows the amount of time CPU has spent in niced tasks
>i.e. tasks whose value
> have negative nice value. These are tasks whose priority has been
>increased.
No, it's the CPU time of "nice" processes with positive nice value.
Since niced processes yield more CPU to tasks with normal priority, their
CPU usage is accounted separately.
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Mark S. Bilk)
Crossposted-To:
comp.os.linux.advocacy,comp.os.ms-windows.advocacy,comp.os.ms-windows.nt.advocacy,comp.os.linux.networking,comp.os.linux.security,comp.os.ms-windows.networking.tcp-ip,alt.conspiracy.area51
Subject: Chad Myers Lies 205 Times For Microsoft (was: Time for the MS-rats to desert
Date: 29 Apr 2000 18:56:52 GMT
In article <8e7bns$jr2$[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
Chad Myers <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
>"John Unekis" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote in message news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]...
>
>[SNIP: Hateful ignorant blathering]
>
>Is this what anti-MS people think? No real logical foundation, it's just
>"hip" to hate MS because they're a big bad corporation? They're the
>big-bad-corporation-to-hate-d'jour?
>
>Man, you should go back on the medicine, you really have a problem.
Since Chad Myers is so self-righteously critical of what he
claims is "hateful ignorant blathering", it makes a person
wonder if he's ever done anything like that himself. Let's
see...
DejaNews shows that Chad Myers has posted 168 articles con-
taining the sentence "Have you recompiled your kernel today?".
According to Myers' lie, Linux users have to recompile the OS
kernel frequently. In fact, very few Linux users ever have
to do it even once, since the kernel can easily be customized
by using loadable modules. If a new kernel is needed to fix
a security problem, only one person has to compile it and make
it available to everyone else via the Web or FTP (e.g., from
a Linux distributor). Myers keeps repeating his lie in order
to frighten people away from Linux and make them stay with
Microsoft.
DejaNews shows that Chad Myers has posted 14 articles contain-
ing the sentence "Friends don't let friends use Linux."
According to Myers' lie, Linux is harmful, like drunk driving,
which is what that warning is associated with in a widespread
TV advertising campaign. In fact, Linux is very beneficial for
users; the only thing it's harmful to is Microsoft's profits.
Myers keeps repeating his lie in order to frighten people away
from Linux and make them stay with Microsoft.
DejaNews shows that Chad Myers has posted 23 articles with the
phrase "Open Sores", in reference to Open Source software.
According to Myers' lie, Open Source software is dangerous and
disgusting, and people should stay away from it. In fact, OSS
is very useful, reliable, and secure -- generally as much or
more so than proprietary software, since the code is examined
by more people, and bug reporting and fixing is much faster.
The only thing it's harmful to is Microsoft's profits, and
those of other companies whose software isn't worth what they
charge for it. Myers keeps repeating this lie as well, to keep
people away from Linux and other Open Source products, and make
them go on paying hundreds of dollars every year to Microsoft.
Chad Myers has never revealed his motivation for posting all
these lies in favor of one particular corporation, and the
richest man in the world. We can only wonder...
Here's what John Unekis wrote about Microsoft, which Chad Myers
labeled as "hateful ignorant blathering". If what John says is
true about MS protecting senior managers from falling stock
values, while letting the rest of its employees fend for them-
selves, it reflects very badly on the company, and will cost it
much of its support, not only from its own employees, but from
working people everywhere.
] There is an old joke about a hooker who goes into a bar,
] orders a drink, and pays with a 20-dollar bill. The
] bartender holds the 20 up to the light and remarks - "Hey,
] you can't use this, this $20 is counterfeit!" To which the
] hooker exclaims - "Oh, no, I've been raped!"
]
] Now that Microsoft stock is in free-fall, quickly heading for
] under $50/share, there must be a lot of Code-Ho's up in
] Redmond who have sold their souls to Bill for stock options,
] dreaming of retiring young and rich, who are now realizing
] they've been raped.
]
] I noticed that Microsoft is reimbursing its senior managers
] for their stock losses with new stock options which are
] adjusted for the lower share price.
]
] For regular employees, MS is encouraging them to take a "long
] term view".
]
] The only thing long-term at Microsoft is the duration of the
] screwing that employees are getting.
]
] I imagine that it is going to become very difficult to find
] u-haul trailers in the Redmond area as more and more victims
] of the "Cult of Bill" awaken from their trances and decide to
] show Microsoft a long-term view of their ass.
]
] Remember all you Microserfs, the ones who bail first will get
] all the good jobs down in Silicon valley, the stragglers will
] end up fetching them coffee....
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Kaz Kylheku)
Subject: Re: scheduling
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Date: Sat, 29 Apr 2000 19:21:28 GMT
On 30 Apr 2000 03:41:09 +1000, Matthew Palmer <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
wrote:
>Anshul Kothari is of the opinion:
>>I want to learn how does the process scheduling is done in linux. Can any one
>>give me a pointer to some reading material available over the net.
>
>The Linux Kernel source code. It might even be on your machine already.
Oh, no, anything but reading the source!
Where can I find an interpretive dance video of how the scheduling works? ;)
--
#exclude <windows.h>
------------------------------
From: Chetan Ahuja <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: SCSI problem
Date: 29 Apr 2000 19:43:50 GMT
Hi,
I am getting the following error messages once in a while on the
console. Although the system seems to be working just fine.
ncr53c875-0: SCSI parity error detected: SCR1=64 DBC=1e000000
SSTAT1=e
ncr53c875-0: resetting, command processing suspended for 2 seconds
ncr53c875-0: enabling clock multiplier
ncr53c875-0: Downloading SCSI SCRIPTS.
ncr53c875-0: command processing resumed
The controller is a Symbios card with the 53c875 chipset. There
are two devices on it. a Seagate Cheetah ST15150N drive and
a Panasonic CDR drive. The kernel is the stock kernel that came
with Mandrake 7.0 ( kernel-2.2.14-15 ).
The output of /proc/scsi/scsi is as follows:
Vendor: SEAGATE Model: ST15150N Rev: 0017
Type: Direct-Access ANSI SCSI revision: 02
Host: scsi0 Channel: 00 Id: 02 Lun: 00
Vendor: MATSHITA Model: CD-R CW-7503 Rev: 1.06
Type: CD-ROM ANSI SCSI revision: 02
Another piece of info that might be relevant here is that the
controller card is sharing the IRQ with an on-board PCI sound chip.
It's a CMI 8338 sharing IRQ 9 with the SCSI card... Could that be
causing this. If yes, can I change the IRQ used by the SCSI card by
passing arguements to the scsi driver at startup or something. I
haven't been able to find IRQ setting in the BIOS for the sound chip.
Or is this due to bad disk blocks?? Or something to do with the
controller/cable/driver. What kind of diagnostics can I run to get
further details??? I have not used SCSI devices with linux much and
am not conversant with the situation... Any help will be highly
appreciated...
Thanks
Chetan
------------------------------
Date: Sat, 29 Apr 2000 23:13:20 +0200
From: Jean-Paul Chemaly <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: Kernel modules, what can be done with them?
Hi everyone,
I'm currently implementing a encryption software in the interface the
between network layer
and the physical layer(PPP , Ethernet,...) in the Tcp/Ip Stack of the
linux kernel(currently working
on 2.2.14).
I've implemented my code directly into the kernel, as a normal
dependency within the core subdirectory
in the file dev.c (functions netif_rx and dev_queue_xmit).
It's working OK, but I'd like to know if it is possible to implement all
this
as a loadable module? And if so, has anyone have any documentation on
the subject?
(it's REALLY hard to find some good one, imho :)
One thing more, is it a least possible to rellocate calls to kernel
functions
to my own functions, like I heard it was possible to do in more modular
kernels
like System V's?
Any help would greatly appreciated.
Thanks.
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: ,,\/,,.HP LaserJet 3150 Users... Can You Print Landscape???..,,`
Date: 29 Apr 2000 20:03:18 GMT
HP LaserJet 3150 Users... Can You Print Landscape???
&
Try it...
&
OK, neither can I - and neither can a whole lot of other users either.
So far I've identified several here in Usenet, but I'm sure there are
many, many more.
&
I'm attempting to identify as many people as possible with this problem,
so we can approach HP as a group and hopefully get them of their asses and
give us an appropriate firmware revision.
&
The workaround they currently recommend is completely unacceptable, since
it requires you to lower your video graphics acceleration significantly.
This degrades the video capabilities of your entire machine!
&
I don't think so...
&
Please write me at: [EMAIL PROTECTED] if you are having
this problem so we can approach HP as a group and hopefully motivate/shame
them into fixing this.
&
I hope to heard from you.
&
Sincerely,
&
Charles Hamilton
mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
&
&
PS: Flames, SPAM complaints, death threats, or any other such crap
will be completely innored.
&
.................................................................
The following is an encoded message to the Tri-Lateral Commission:
.................................................................
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------------------------------
From: "Christopher Smith" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To:
comp.os.linux.advocacy,comp.os.ms-windows.advocacy,comp.os.ms-windows.nt.advocacy,comp.os.linux.networking,comp.os.linux.security,comp.os.ms-windows.networking.tcp-ip,alt.conspiracy.area51
Subject: Re: Chad Myers Lies 205 Times For Microsoft (was: Time for the MS-rats to
desert
Date: Sun, 30 Apr 2000 07:14:11 +1000
"Mark S. Bilk" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote in message
news:8efb9k$9vp$[EMAIL PROTECTED]...
[lossy compression]
I had been sitting on the fence, but you just made up my mind.
<PLONK>
------------------------------
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End of Linux-Development-System Digest
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