Linux-Development-Sys Digest #230, Volume #8 Sun, 22 Oct 00 16:13:11 EDT
Contents:
Re: Linux API ("Jim Fischer")
Re: CD-RW: CDFS? Unstable dev nos? (Dave Platt)
printk()? ("JESSEY")
generic documentation question ([EMAIL PROTECTED])
Re: Compressed File System (Chris Gregory)
TV Out (Joachim Rosskopf)
Re: rebooting linux without physikal reset (Wolfram Faul)
Re: Compressed File System (Mikko Rauhala)
Re: possible tcpd bug (Matthew Patterson)
Re: lilo and minimize linux (John in SD)
how do i get all interfaces ( + data ) ([EMAIL PROTECTED])
difference between PACKET_HOST and PACKET_OUTGOING ?? (NortonNg)
Re: possible tcpd bug (Chris J/#6)
Re: how do i get all interfaces ( + data ) (Kaz Kylheku)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
From: "Jim Fischer" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Linux API
Date: Sat, 21 Oct 2000 13:57:45 -0700
"Mazlan Mat" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote in message
news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]...
> Hello there
> Is the any documentation on Linux API just
> like the M$ win API?
The Linux source code *is* the Linux API. <g>
Actually, there are some books available on the Linux kernel, but the kernel
sources change so frequently that some of the content in these books is
obsolete before the books are even published. IOW, you'll probably never
walk into a Barns & Nobels bookstore and find a book that discusses the APIs
of "recent" Linux kernels (e.g., the 2.4 kernels).
FWIW, the Linux Documentation Project [LDP] probably has some additional
documentation on the various Linux kernels:
http://www.linuxdoc.org/
Jim
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Dave Platt)
Subject: Re: CD-RW: CDFS? Unstable dev nos?
Date: Sat, 21 Oct 2000 23:32:32 -0000
In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
Fred Goldstein <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>1) The file system, CDFS, which Windows et al use for rewriting data
>(floppy-like) onto a CDROM doesn't seem to be there. Is this being added
>at any known time? (No, I don't have the skills to write the driver
>myself. Sorry.) I'm a little surprised because Linux has so many file
>systems already...
The correct name is UDF - Universal Data FOrmat.
There is definitely a project underway to add read-only, write-once
(CD-R), and write-many (CD-RW) UDF support to Linux. Last I checked,
they had CD-RW support working pretty well, on both ATAPI and SCSI
CD-RW drives (MMC command set required). CD-R support would appear
once CD-RW was stable.
Adding support for read-only UDF isn't too hard, it seems. Adding
support for read/write (either -once or -many) looked as if it was
very nontrivial - it requires patching the kernel's basic
VM-and-buffer-management layer, in order to ensure that data is
written from the buffer cache in chunks which are the size required by
a packet-mode CD-RW.
>2) The device name isn't steady. I think the CDRW was /dev/scd3 when I
>was "root" but then scd0 when I logged in again under my regular username!
>Is there supposed to be some fixed formula by which emulated SCSI numbers
>are assigned? Or is this a bug?
I've never seen this happen. Device names are assigned at boot time
and/or module-probing time, in the order that the devices are "seen".
--
Dave Platt [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Visit the Jade Warrior home page: http://www.radagast.org/jade-warrior/
I do _not_ wish to receive unsolicited commercial email, and I will
boycott any company which has the gall to send me such ads!
------------------------------
From: "JESSEY" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: printk()?
Date: Sun, 22 Oct 2000 09:18:23 +0800
Dear All:
I have a sample:
#define MODULE
#include <linux/module.h>
int init_module(void) { printk("<1>Hello, world\n"); return 0; }
void cleanup_module(void) { printk("<1>Goodbye cruel world\n"); }
If I hope this sample output in console, I would do ?
regards
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: generic documentation question
Date: Sun, 22 Oct 2000 02:21:32 GMT
Hello,
I am new to Linux development, and I want to know what the best way is
to ascertain how a system call behaves and hopefully will behave in the
future.
Concrete example which prompted this post:
In the code I am looking at, I see the call
dev_kfree_skb(skb)
>From the context and the name, I can guess that this call returns a
socket buffer to the networking stack, after the contents have been
sent on the wire.
Now, this is a fairly certain guess, but if I want to use this with
confidence, I want to know the definition in detail. For example, how
long can I delay returning the buffer. Can the app that initiated the
"send" block if I delay.
I am not really asking these questions of you. I hope I can find out
myself. My question for you is:
What is the best way to go about finding answers to such questions?
I tried to man-page - no result
How-tos - no result
other documentation tidbits - no result
grepping the kernel - hopeless, and unreliable (can change in the
future)
buing a book - did not try
I am not whining at all. We all use this system "as is" and if I don't
like it, I can go to Bill Gates for consolation.
Thank you
Mark Galecki
Sent via Deja.com http://www.deja.com/
Before you buy.
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Chris Gregory)
Subject: Re: Compressed File System
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Date: Sun, 22 Oct 2000 05:31:24 GMT
On 23 Sep 2000 12:40:46 GMT, Bernhard Brueck <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>aslin <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>> I'm looking for compressed file system,
>> to store text docs (generaly HTML pages with images, of course)
>> with large amout of files.
>> A there any solutions ?
>> Does ext2 support features like this ?
>No, not out of the box. But a patch exists to do that.
>
>http://e2compr.memalpha.cx/e2compr/
>
Are the images compressed already? If they are filesystem compression may
be nearly useless. Compressing a jpeg, for example, may actually add size
to the file. If the majority of the material to go on the compressed drive
is compressed images then it would be a bad thing, because there would be
the time spent compressing and decompressing, and then little or no space
would be saved.
--
Chris Gregory <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
------------------------------
From: Joachim Rosskopf <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: TV Out
Date: Sun, 22 Oct 2000 09:49:51 GMT
Hello,
has someone experiences with a driver to control the TV Out of=20
Nvidia-Chip based graficcards.
I want to display my whole linux on the TV as a kind of surfstation base=
d=20
on a Mozilla GUI.
But to realize this idea there is the need of a reliable control of the =
TV Out, so I thought of
writing a kind of kernel module to do this job. I have thought of a=20
framebuffer device, which serves=20
the fbdev_drv.o of Xfree4.0.
Has some any ideas or better URLs of complete drivers...
Thank you in advance=20
Joachim
------------------------------
From: Wolfram Faul <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: rebooting linux without physikal reset
Date: Sun, 22 Oct 2000 12:27:44 +0200
Hallo,
I think no. But perhaps ... if you have much time. I think this only
possible if you have really much time and money. Perhaps it's cheaper to
buy a flashdisk or something like that.
Do you what to reset your prozessor or not ??? If yes than you have a
problem to restart it properly because the BIOS will reset you memory (I
think but I don't know it really).
Daniel Goergen wrote:
>
> Is it possible to reboot linux without letting the computer make a
> physical reset?
> (I have to store data in RAM (we have no FS) before und read it after
> the reboot)
Perhaps more details would help.
Wolfram
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Mikko Rauhala)
Subject: Re: Compressed File System
Date: 22 Oct 2000 13:54:01 GMT
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
On Sun, 22 Oct 2000 05:31:24 GMT, Chris Gregory <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>Are the images compressed already? If they are filesystem compression may
>be nearly useless. Compressing a jpeg, for example, may actually add size
>to the file. If the majority of the material to go on the compressed drive
>is compressed images then it would be a bad thing, because there would be
>the time spent compressing and decompressing, and then little or no space
>would be saved.
Of course, one could look at the URL mentioned in the previous message
and find, for instance, that:
"What does e2compr do?
E2compr is a small patch against the ext2 filesystem that allows
on-the-fly compression and decompression. It compresses only regular
files; the administrative data (superblock, inodes, directory files
etc.) are not compressed (mainly for safety reasons). Access to
compressed blocks is provided for read and write operations. The
compression algorithm and cluster size (see section Clusters) is
specified on a per-file basis. Directories can also be marked for
compression, in which case every newly created file in the
directory will be automatically compressed with the same cluster size
and the same algorithm that was specified for the directory. E2compr
is not a new filesystem. It is only a patch to the ext2 filesystem
made to support the EXT2_COMPR_FL flag. It does not require you to
make a new partition, and will continue to read or write existing ext2
filesystems. You should consider it is only a way for the read and
write routines to access files that could have been created by a
simple utility similar to gzip or compress. Compressed and
uncompressed files will coexist nicely on your ext2 partitions."
Therefore one can easily tag only compressable material to be further
compressed.
--
Mikko Rauhala - [EMAIL PROTECTED] - http://www.iki.fi/mjr/
------------------------------
From: Matthew Patterson <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: possible tcpd bug
Date: Sun, 22 Oct 2000 09:10:41 -0500
Chris J/#6 wrote:
Matthew Patterson <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
>There seems to be some confusion, mostly because of my error. the hosts.allow
>shows:
>in.telnetd:127.
>in.telnetd:192.168.0.
>
>and hosts.deny is:
>ALL:ALL
>
>my concern is because i was making the telnet connection from an address
within
>192.168.0. Again, the IP's have been changed to protect my company.
>
>Sorry for the lack of full information.
>
>MHP
Try this instead...in hosts.allow put:
in.telnetd: 127.0.0.0: ALLOW
in.telnetd: 192.168.0.0: ALLOW
ALL: ALL: DENY
Then delete hosts.deny. The read the man page hosts_options(5), which defines
a number of extensions to the ACL, like the ALLOW and DENY keywwords, and
essentially does away with hosts.deny. This is how my system is setup, using
just hosts.allow, and it makes things much easier to manage.
Note that in hosts.allow I've given the full network address (ie, all four
octets). This may also have been a problem, but its what I do here and it
works :)
Chris...
--
Chris Johnson \ "If not for me then, do it for yourself. If not
[EMAIL PROTECTED] \ for then do it for the world." -- Stevie Nicks
www.nccnet.co.uk/~sixie/ ~---------------------------------------+
Redclaw chat - http://redclaw.org.uk - telnet redclaw.org.uk 2000 \______
That's a very good suggestion that doesn't answer my question.
According to the man page, tcpd should:
1. Allow the connection if the IP address is listed in hosts.allow.
2. Otherwise, deny if listed in hosts.deny.
3. Otherwise, allow.
With the situation described in my initial post, is this a bug in the RedHat 6.2
tpc-wrappers, something that RedHat re-configured from the default configuration
(if so, what file?), or is this a bug in the tcp-wrappers package, regardless of
packager?
Thanks
MHP
------------------------------
From: John in SD <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.setup
Subject: Re: lilo and minimize linux
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Date: Sun, 22 Oct 2000 14:31:09 GMT
On Thu, 19 Oct 2000 22:35:54 GMT, "Hung P. Tran" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>I am trying to fit linux onto a 60 MB harddrive. Obviously, the
>drive is too small for a standard linux installation.
>
>My first question is how to install lilo on the drive and make it
>boot linux. I tried to partition the drive using: fdisk /dev/hdc (the
>drive is connected as secondary IDE master). I just assign
>a single partition #1 (hdc1). Then I make the file system using mkfs, and
>then mount the harddrive as /mnt/d. Then I copy a few file from
>my original RedHat 6.1 over. Here is an output from "ls -l /mnt/d"
>
>total 927
>-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4568 Oct 17 14:33 boot.b
>-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 285018 Oct 17 16:19 initrd.img
>-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 250 Oct 17 17:17 lilo.conf
>drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 12288 Oct 17 14:30 lost+found
>-rw------- 1 root root 13312 Oct 17 16:21 map
>-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 622784 Oct 17 16:18 vmlinuz
>
>The new modified lilo.config is as followed:
>
>boot=/dev/hdc
>map=/mnt/d/map
>install=/mnt/d/boot.b
>prompt
>timeout=50
>default=linux
>
>image=/mnt/d/vmlinuz
> label=linux
> initrd=/mnt/d/initrd.img
> read-only
> root=/dev/hdc1
>
>I then run: /sbin/lilo -C /mnt/d/lilo.conf
>
>I then reboot the system and configure the BIOS to boot from the
>secondary master IDE (it can boot up fine from a secondary master IDE
>with DOS). However, I only get a bunch of 01 01 01 ... on the screen.
Re-configuring the BIOS is the fatal step. It changes the BIOS device code of
your hard drive (if it was 0x81, it is now 0x80).
Get around this by telling lilo to use device code 0x80 in booting: add at
the top of lilo.conf:
drive=/dev/hdc
bios=0x80
>
>What did I do wrong ? What am I missing ?
--John
LILO version 21.6 (04-Oct-2000) source at
http://www.ibiblio.org/pub/Linux/system/boot/lilo
------------------------------
Date: Sun, 22 Oct 2000 17:06:39 +0200
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: how do i get all interfaces ( + data )
Hi!
I am seriously angry, because i now was looking over 3
days in virtually any howto/forum etc. to find an answer..
I am writing a software, which has to figure out,
what network interfaces (eth0, lo, ...) are currently
up and what ip addresses and netmasks these devices
own.
how can i accomplish this??
any suggestion would be a great help!!!! thanx!
------------------------------
From: NortonNg <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: difference between PACKET_HOST and PACKET_OUTGOING ??
Date: Sun, 22 Oct 2000 16:30:14 +0000 (UTC)
hello all,
Does any body can explain the difference between PACKET_HOST and
PACKET_OUTGOING define in linux/af_packet.h ? I am confuse with them.
jkng.
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Chris J/#6)
Subject: Re: possible tcpd bug
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Date: 22 Oct 2000 18:07:56 +0100
Matthew Patterson <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
>According to the man page, tcpd should:
>1. Allow the connection if the IP address is listed in hosts.allow.
>2. Otherwise, deny if listed in hosts.deny.
>3. Otherwise, allow.
>
>With the situation described in my initial post, is this a bug in the RedHat 6.2
>tpc-wrappers, something that RedHat re-configured from the default configuration
>(if so, what file?), or is this a bug in the tcp-wrappers package, regardless of
>packager?
>
Having not used RH 6.2, I can't say if it's a bug or not, but I can confirm
that what you have should work. In a quick non-exhaustive test on my SuSE 6.2
box:
[!%][infinitum][etc] >cat hosts.allow
in.telnetd:127.
[!%][infinitum][etc] >cat hosts.deny
ALL:ALL
[!%][infinitum][etc] >
And yes, doing "telnet 127.0.0.1" did work. Commenting out the line in
hosts.allow denied the connection. Have you looked in /var/log/messages (or
whereever you/RH has config'd syslog) to see if there is anything strange
being reported by tcpd?
Connections allows are reported in messages as:
Oct 22 18:02:33 infinitum in.telnetd[25182]: connect from 127.0.0.1
Connections refused as:
Oct 22 18:02:43 infinitum in.telnetd[25186]: refused connect from 127.0.0.1
...where the daemon name (in this case in.telnetd) is the serivce that has
been connected to (defined as the executable that tcpd will run; see
inetd.conf...so replace for different services :) ). Is anything else being
displayed?
Chris...
--
Chris Johnson \ "If not for me then, do it for yourself. If not
[EMAIL PROTECTED] \ for then do it for the world." -- Stevie Nicks
www.nccnet.co.uk/~sixie/ ~---------------------------------------+
Redclaw chat - http://redclaw.org.uk - telnet redclaw.org.uk 2000 \______
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Kaz Kylheku)
Subject: Re: how do i get all interfaces ( + data )
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Date: Sun, 22 Oct 2000 20:03:12 GMT
On Sun, 22 Oct 2000 17:06:39 +0200, [EMAIL PROTECTED] <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>Hi!
>
>I am seriously angry, because i now was looking over 3
>days in virtually any howto/forum etc. to find an answer..
>
>
>I am writing a software, which has to figure out,
>what network interfaces (eth0, lo, ...) are currently
>up and what ip addresses and netmasks these devices
>own.
Someone already wrote this: it's called ifconfig.
------------------------------
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End of Linux-Development-System Digest
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