This patch adds core inode and dentry operations
to build the target image.

Signed-off-by: Li Guifu <[email protected]>
[ Gao Xiang: with heavy changes. ]
Signed-off-by: Gao Xiang <[email protected]>
---
 include/erofs/inode.h    |  21 ++
 include/erofs/internal.h |   8 +
 lib/Makefile.am          |   2 +-
 lib/inode.c              | 786 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 4 files changed, 816 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
 create mode 100644 include/erofs/inode.h
 create mode 100644 lib/inode.c

diff --git a/include/erofs/inode.h b/include/erofs/inode.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..43aee93
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/erofs/inode.h
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+ */
+/*
+ * erofs_utils/include/erofs/inode.h
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2018-2019 HUAWEI, Inc.
+ *             http://www.huawei.com/
+ * Created by Li Guifu <[email protected]>
+ * with heavy changes by Gao Xiang <[email protected]>
+ */
+#ifndef __EROFS_INODE_H
+#define __EROFS_INODE_H
+
+#include "erofs/internal.h"
+
+void erofs_inode_manager_init(void);
+unsigned int erofs_iput(struct erofs_inode *inode);
+erofs_nid_t erofs_lookupnid(struct erofs_inode *inode);
+struct erofs_inode *erofs_mkfs_build_tree_from_path(struct erofs_inode *parent,
+                                                   const char *path);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/include/erofs/internal.h b/include/erofs/internal.h
index 4789471..f4ca9ee 100644
--- a/include/erofs/internal.h
+++ b/include/erofs/internal.h
@@ -108,6 +108,14 @@ struct erofs_dentry {
        };
 };
 
+static inline bool is_dot_dotdot(const char *name)
+{
+       if (name[0] != '.')
+               return false;
+
+       return name[1] == '\0' || (name[1] == '.' && name[2] == '\0');
+}
+
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <string.h>
 
diff --git a/lib/Makefile.am b/lib/Makefile.am
index 8508660..5257d71 100644
--- a/lib/Makefile.am
+++ b/lib/Makefile.am
@@ -2,6 +2,6 @@
 # Makefile.am
 
 noinst_LTLIBRARIES = liberofs.la
-liberofs_la_SOURCES = config.c io.c cache.c
+liberofs_la_SOURCES = config.c io.c cache.c inode.c
 liberofs_la_CFLAGS = -Wall -Werror -I$(top_srcdir)/include
 
diff --git a/lib/inode.c b/lib/inode.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f1abc36
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/inode.c
@@ -0,0 +1,786 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
+/*
+ * erofs_utils/lib/inode.c
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2018-2019 HUAWEI, Inc.
+ *             http://www.huawei.com/
+ * Created by Li Guifu <[email protected]>
+ * with heavy changes by Gao Xiang <[email protected]>
+ */
+#define _GNU_SOURCE
+#include <string.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <dirent.h>
+#include "erofs/print.h"
+#include "erofs/inode.h"
+#include "erofs/cache.h"
+#include "erofs/io.h"
+
+struct erofs_sb_info sbi;
+
+#define S_SHIFT                 12
+static unsigned char erofs_type_by_mode[S_IFMT >> S_SHIFT] = {
+       [S_IFREG >> S_SHIFT]  = EROFS_FT_REG_FILE,
+       [S_IFDIR >> S_SHIFT]  = EROFS_FT_DIR,
+       [S_IFCHR >> S_SHIFT]  = EROFS_FT_CHRDEV,
+       [S_IFBLK >> S_SHIFT]  = EROFS_FT_BLKDEV,
+       [S_IFIFO >> S_SHIFT]  = EROFS_FT_FIFO,
+       [S_IFSOCK >> S_SHIFT] = EROFS_FT_SOCK,
+       [S_IFLNK >> S_SHIFT]  = EROFS_FT_SYMLINK,
+};
+
+#define NR_INODE_HASHTABLE     64
+
+struct list_head inode_hashtable[NR_INODE_HASHTABLE];
+
+void erofs_inode_manager_init(void)
+{
+       unsigned int i;
+
+       for (i = 0; i < NR_INODE_HASHTABLE; ++i)
+               init_list_head(&inode_hashtable[i]);
+}
+
+static struct erofs_inode *erofs_igrab(struct erofs_inode *inode)
+{
+       ++inode->i_count;
+       return inode;
+}
+
+/* get the inode from the (source) inode # */
+struct erofs_inode *erofs_iget(ino_t ino)
+{
+       struct list_head *head =
+               &inode_hashtable[ino % NR_INODE_HASHTABLE];
+       struct erofs_inode *inode;
+
+       list_for_each_entry(inode, head, i_hash)
+               if (inode->i_ino[1] == ino)
+                       return erofs_igrab(inode);
+       return NULL;
+}
+
+struct erofs_inode *erofs_iget_by_nid(erofs_nid_t nid)
+{
+       struct list_head *head =
+               &inode_hashtable[nid % NR_INODE_HASHTABLE];
+       struct erofs_inode *inode;
+
+       list_for_each_entry(inode, head, i_hash)
+               if (inode->nid == nid)
+                       return erofs_igrab(inode);
+       return NULL;
+}
+
+unsigned int erofs_iput(struct erofs_inode *inode)
+{
+       struct erofs_dentry *d, *t;
+
+       if (inode->i_count > 1)
+               return --inode->i_count;
+
+       list_for_each_entry_safe(d, t, &inode->i_subdirs, d_child)
+               free(d);
+
+       list_del(&inode->i_hash);
+       free(inode);
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int dentry_add_sorted(struct erofs_dentry *d, struct list_head *head)
+{
+       struct list_head *pos;
+
+       list_for_each(pos, head) {
+               struct erofs_dentry *d2 =
+                       container_of(pos, struct erofs_dentry, d_child);
+
+               if (strcmp(d->name, d2->name) < 0)
+                       break;
+       }
+       list_add_tail(&d->d_child, pos);
+       return 0;
+}
+
+struct erofs_dentry *erofs_d_alloc(struct erofs_inode *parent,
+                                  const char *name)
+{
+       struct erofs_dentry *d = malloc(sizeof(*d));
+
+       if (!d)
+               return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+
+       strncpy(d->name, name, EROFS_NAME_LEN - 1);
+       d->name[EROFS_NAME_LEN - 1] = '\0';
+
+       dentry_add_sorted(d, &parent->i_subdirs);
+       return d;
+}
+
+/* allocate main data for a inode */
+static int __allocate_inode_bh_data(struct erofs_inode *inode,
+                                   unsigned long nblocks)
+{
+       struct erofs_buffer_head *bh;
+       int ret;
+
+       if (!nblocks) {
+               inode->bh_data = NULL;
+               /* it has only tail-end inlined data */
+               inode->u.i_blkaddr = NULL_ADDR;
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       /* allocate main data buffer */
+       bh = erofs_balloc(DATA, blknr_to_addr(nblocks), 0, 0);
+       if (IS_ERR(bh))
+               return PTR_ERR(bh);
+
+       bh->op = &erofs_skip_write_bhops;
+       inode->bh_data = bh;
+
+       /* get blkaddr of the bh */
+       ret = erofs_mapbh(bh->block, true);
+       DBG_BUGON(ret < 0);
+
+       /* write blocks except for the tail-end block */
+       inode->u.i_blkaddr = bh->block->blkaddr;
+       return 0;
+}
+
+int erofs_prepare_dir_file(struct erofs_inode *dir)
+{
+       struct erofs_dentry *d;
+       unsigned int d_size;
+       int ret;
+
+       /* dot is pointed to the current dir inode */
+       d = erofs_d_alloc(dir, ".");
+       d->inode = erofs_igrab(dir);
+       d->type = EROFS_FT_DIR;
+
+       /* dotdot is pointed to the parent dir */
+       d = erofs_d_alloc(dir, "..");
+       d->inode = erofs_igrab(dir->i_parent);
+       d->type = EROFS_FT_DIR;
+
+       /* let's calculate dir size */
+       d_size = 0;
+       list_for_each_entry(d, &dir->i_subdirs, d_child) {
+               int len = strlen(d->name) + sizeof(struct erofs_dirent);
+
+               if (d_size % EROFS_BLKSIZ + len > EROFS_BLKSIZ)
+                       d_size = round_up(d_size, EROFS_BLKSIZ);
+               d_size += len;
+       }
+       dir->i_size = d_size;
+
+       /* no compression for all dirs */
+       dir->data_mapping_mode = EROFS_INODE_LAYOUT_INLINE;
+
+       /* allocate dir main data */
+       ret = __allocate_inode_bh_data(dir, erofs_blknr(d_size));
+       if (ret)
+               return ret;
+
+       /* it will be used in erofs_prepare_inode_buffer */
+       dir->idata_size = d_size % EROFS_BLKSIZ;
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static void fill_dirblock(char *buf, unsigned int size, unsigned int q,
+                         struct erofs_dentry *head, struct erofs_dentry *end)
+{
+       unsigned int p = 0;
+
+       /* write out all erofs_dirents + filenames */
+       while (head != end) {
+               const unsigned int namelen = strlen(head->name);
+               struct erofs_dirent d = {
+                       .nid = cpu_to_le64(head->nid),
+                       .nameoff = cpu_to_le16(q),
+                       .file_type = head->type,
+               };
+
+               memcpy(buf + p, &d, sizeof(d));
+               memcpy(buf + q, head->name, namelen);
+               p += sizeof(d);
+               q += namelen;
+
+               head = list_next_entry(head, d_child);
+       }
+       memset(buf + q, 0, size - q);
+}
+
+int erofs_write_dir_file(struct erofs_inode *dir)
+{
+       struct erofs_dentry *head = list_first_entry(&dir->i_subdirs,
+                                                    struct erofs_dentry,
+                                                    d_child);
+       struct erofs_dentry *d;
+       int ret;
+       unsigned int q, used, blkno;
+
+       q = used = blkno = 0;
+
+       list_for_each_entry(d, &dir->i_subdirs, d_child) {
+               const unsigned int len = strlen(d->name) +
+                       sizeof(struct erofs_dirent);
+
+               if (used + len > EROFS_BLKSIZ) {
+                       char buf[EROFS_BLKSIZ];
+
+                       fill_dirblock(buf, EROFS_BLKSIZ, q, head, d);
+                       ret = blk_write(buf, dir->u.i_blkaddr + blkno, 1);
+                       if (ret)
+                               return ret;
+
+                       head = d;
+                       q = used = 0;
+                       ++blkno;
+               }
+               used += len;
+               q += sizeof(struct erofs_dirent);
+       }
+       DBG_BUGON(used != dir->i_size % EROFS_BLKSIZ);
+       if (used) {
+               /* fill tail-end dir block */
+               dir->idata = malloc(used);
+               fill_dirblock(dir->idata, dir->idata_size, q, head, d);
+       }
+       return 0;
+}
+
+int erofs_write_file_from_buffer(struct erofs_inode *inode, char *buf)
+{
+       const unsigned int nblocks = erofs_blknr(inode->i_size);
+       int ret;
+
+       inode->data_mapping_mode = EROFS_INODE_LAYOUT_INLINE;
+
+       ret = __allocate_inode_bh_data(inode, nblocks);
+       if (ret)
+               return ret;
+
+       if (nblocks)
+               blk_write(buf, inode->u.i_blkaddr, nblocks);
+       inode->idata_size = inode->i_size % EROFS_BLKSIZ;
+       if (inode->idata_size) {
+               inode->idata = malloc(inode->idata_size);
+               memcpy(inode->idata, buf + blknr_to_addr(nblocks),
+                      inode->idata_size);
+       }
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/* rules to decide whether a file could be compressed or not */
+static bool erofs_file_is_compressible(struct erofs_inode *inode)
+{
+       return true;
+}
+
+int erofs_write_file(struct erofs_inode *inode)
+{
+       unsigned int nblocks, i;
+       int ret, fd;
+
+       if (erofs_file_is_compressible(inode)) {
+               /* to be implemented */
+       }
+
+       /* fallback to all data uncompressed */
+       inode->data_mapping_mode = EROFS_INODE_LAYOUT_INLINE;
+       nblocks = inode->i_size / EROFS_BLKSIZ;
+
+       ret = __allocate_inode_bh_data(inode, nblocks);
+       if (ret)
+               return ret;
+
+       fd = open(inode->i_srcpath, O_RDONLY | O_BINARY);
+       if (fd < 0)
+               return -errno;
+
+       for (i = 0; i < nblocks; ++i) {
+               char buf[EROFS_BLKSIZ];
+
+               ret = read(fd, buf, EROFS_BLKSIZ);
+               if (ret != EROFS_BLKSIZ) {
+                       if (ret < 0)
+                               goto fail;
+                       close(fd);
+                       return -EAGAIN;
+               }
+
+               ret = blk_write(buf, inode->u.i_blkaddr + i, 1);
+               if (ret)
+                       goto fail;
+       }
+
+       /* read the tail-end data */
+       inode->idata_size = inode->i_size % EROFS_BLKSIZ;
+       if (inode->idata_size) {
+               inode->idata = malloc(inode->idata_size);
+
+               ret = read(fd, inode->idata, inode->idata_size);
+               if (ret < inode->idata_size) {
+                       close(fd);
+                       return -EIO;
+               }
+       }
+       close(fd);
+       return 0;
+fail:
+       ret = -errno;
+       close(fd);
+       return ret;
+}
+
+static bool erofs_bh_flush_write_inode(struct erofs_buffer_head *bh)
+{
+       struct erofs_inode *const inode = bh->fsprivate;
+       const erofs_off_t off = erofs_btell(bh, false);
+
+       /* let's support v1 currently */
+       struct erofs_inode_v1 v1 = {0};
+       int ret;
+
+       v1.i_advise = cpu_to_le16(0 | (inode->data_mapping_mode << 1));
+       v1.i_mode = cpu_to_le16(inode->i_mode);
+       v1.i_nlink = cpu_to_le16(inode->i_nlink);
+       v1.i_size = cpu_to_le32((u32)inode->i_size);
+
+       v1.i_ino = cpu_to_le32(inode->i_ino[0]);
+
+       v1.i_uid = cpu_to_le16((u16)inode->i_uid);
+       v1.i_gid = cpu_to_le16((u16)inode->i_gid);
+
+       switch ((inode->i_mode) >> S_SHIFT) {
+       case S_IFCHR:
+       case S_IFBLK:
+       case S_IFIFO:
+       case S_IFSOCK:
+               v1.i_u.rdev = cpu_to_le32(inode->u.i_rdev);
+               break;
+
+       default:
+               if (inode->data_mapping_mode == EROFS_INODE_LAYOUT_COMPRESSION)
+                       v1.i_u.compressed_blocks =
+                               cpu_to_le32(inode->u.i_blocks);
+               else
+                       v1.i_u.raw_blkaddr =
+                               cpu_to_le32(inode->u.i_blkaddr);
+               break;
+       }
+       v1.i_checksum = 0;
+
+       ret = dev_write(&v1, off, sizeof(struct erofs_inode_v1));
+       if (ret)
+               return false;
+
+       inode->bh = NULL;
+       erofs_iput(inode);
+       return erofs_bh_flush_generic_end(bh);
+}
+
+static struct erofs_bhops erofs_write_inode_bhops = {
+       .flush = erofs_bh_flush_write_inode,
+};
+
+int erofs_prepare_tail_block(struct erofs_inode *inode)
+{
+       struct erofs_buffer_head *bh;
+       int ret;
+
+       if (!inode->idata_size)
+               return 0;
+
+       bh = inode->bh_data;
+       if (!bh) {
+               bh = erofs_balloc(DATA, EROFS_BLKSIZ, 0, 0);
+               if (IS_ERR(bh))
+                       return PTR_ERR(bh);
+               bh->op = &erofs_skip_write_bhops;
+
+               /* get blkaddr of bh */
+               ret = erofs_mapbh(bh->block, true);
+               DBG_BUGON(ret < 0);
+               inode->u.i_blkaddr = bh->block->blkaddr;
+
+               inode->bh_data = bh;
+               return 0;
+       }
+       /* expend a block as the tail block (should be successful) */
+       ret = erofs_bh_balloon(bh, EROFS_BLKSIZ);
+       DBG_BUGON(ret);
+       return 0;
+}
+
+int erofs_prepare_inode_buffer(struct erofs_inode *inode)
+{
+       unsigned int inodesize;
+       struct erofs_buffer_head *bh, *ibh;
+
+       DBG_BUGON(inode->bh || inode->bh_inline);
+
+       inodesize = inode->inode_isize + inode->xattr_isize +
+                   inode->extent_isize;
+
+       if (inode->data_mapping_mode == EROFS_INODE_LAYOUT_COMPRESSION)
+               goto noinline;
+
+       /*
+        * if the file size is block-aligned for uncompressed files,
+        * should use EROFS_INODE_LAYOUT_PLAIN data mapping mode.
+        */
+       if (!inode->idata_size)
+               inode->data_mapping_mode = EROFS_INODE_LAYOUT_PLAIN;
+
+       bh = erofs_balloc(INODE, inodesize, 0, inode->idata_size);
+       if (bh == ERR_PTR(-ENOSPC)) {
+               int ret;
+
+               inode->data_mapping_mode = EROFS_INODE_LAYOUT_PLAIN;
+noinline:
+               /* expend an extra block for tail-end data */
+               ret = erofs_prepare_tail_block(inode);
+               if (ret)
+                       return ret;
+               bh = erofs_balloc(INODE, inodesize, 0, 0);
+               if (IS_ERR(bh))
+                       return PTR_ERR(bh);
+               DBG_BUGON(inode->bh_inline);
+       } else if (IS_ERR(bh)) {
+               return PTR_ERR(bh);
+       } else if (inode->idata_size) {
+               inode->data_mapping_mode = EROFS_INODE_LAYOUT_INLINE;
+
+               /* allocate inline buffer */
+               ibh = erofs_battach(bh, META, inode->idata_size);
+               if (IS_ERR(ibh))
+                       return PTR_ERR(ibh);
+
+               ibh->op = &erofs_skip_write_bhops;
+               inode->bh_inline = ibh;
+       }
+
+       bh->fsprivate = erofs_igrab(inode);
+       bh->op = &erofs_write_inode_bhops;
+       inode->bh = bh;
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static bool erofs_bh_flush_write_inline(struct erofs_buffer_head *bh)
+{
+       struct erofs_inode *const inode = bh->fsprivate;
+       const erofs_off_t off = erofs_btell(bh, false);
+       int ret;
+
+       ret = dev_write(inode->idata, off, inode->idata_size);
+       if (ret)
+               return false;
+
+       inode->idata_size = 0;
+       free(inode->idata);
+       inode->idata = NULL;
+
+       erofs_iput(inode);
+       return erofs_bh_flush_generic_end(bh);
+}
+
+static struct erofs_bhops erofs_write_inline_bhops = {
+       .flush = erofs_bh_flush_write_inline,
+};
+
+int erofs_write_tail_end(struct erofs_inode *inode)
+{
+       struct erofs_buffer_head *bh, *ibh;
+
+       bh = inode->bh_data;
+
+       if (!inode->idata_size)
+               goto out;
+
+       /* have enough room to inline data */
+       if (inode->bh_inline) {
+               ibh = inode->bh_inline;
+
+               ibh->fsprivate = erofs_igrab(inode);
+               ibh->op = &erofs_write_inline_bhops;
+       } else {
+               int ret;
+
+               erofs_mapbh(bh->block, true);
+               ret = dev_write(inode->idata,
+                               erofs_btell(bh, true) - EROFS_BLKSIZ,
+                               inode->idata_size);
+               if (ret)
+                       return ret;
+
+               inode->idata_size = 0;
+               free(inode->idata);
+               inode->idata = NULL;
+       }
+out:
+       /* now bh_data can drop directly */
+       if (bh) {
+               /*
+                * Don't leave DATA buffers which were written in the global
+                * buffer list. It will make balloc() slowly.
+                */
+#if 0
+               bh->op = &erofs_drop_directly_bhops;
+#else
+               erofs_bdrop(bh, false);
+#endif
+               inode->bh_data = NULL;
+       }
+       return 0;
+}
+
+int erofs_fill_inode(struct erofs_inode *inode,
+                    struct stat64 *st,
+                    const char *path)
+{
+       inode->i_mode = st->st_mode;
+       inode->i_uid = st->st_uid;
+       inode->i_gid = st->st_gid;
+       inode->i_nlink = 1;     /* fix up later if needed */
+
+       if (!S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode))
+               inode->i_size = st->st_size;
+       else
+               inode->i_size = 0;
+
+       strncpy(inode->i_srcpath, path, sizeof(inode->i_srcpath) - 1);
+       inode->i_srcpath[sizeof(inode->i_srcpath) - 1] = '\0';
+
+       inode->i_ino[1] = st->st_ino;
+       inode->inode_isize = sizeof(struct erofs_inode_v1);
+
+       list_add(&inode->i_hash,
+                &inode_hashtable[st->st_ino % NR_INODE_HASHTABLE]);
+       return 0;
+}
+
+struct erofs_inode *erofs_new_inode(void)
+{
+       static unsigned int counter;
+       struct erofs_inode *inode;
+
+       inode = malloc(sizeof(struct erofs_inode));
+       if (!inode)
+               return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+
+       inode->i_parent = NULL; /* also used to indicate a new inode */
+
+       inode->i_ino[0] = counter++;    /* inode serial number */
+       inode->i_count = 1;
+
+       init_list_head(&inode->i_subdirs);
+       inode->xattr_isize = 0;
+       inode->extent_isize = 0;
+
+       inode->bh = inode->bh_inline = inode->bh_data = NULL;
+       inode->idata = NULL;
+       return inode;
+}
+
+/* get the inode from the (source) path */
+struct erofs_inode *erofs_iget_from_path(const char *path, bool is_src)
+{
+       struct stat64 st;
+       struct erofs_inode *inode;
+       int ret;
+
+       /* currently, only source path is supported */
+       if (!is_src)
+               return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+
+       ret = lstat64(path, &st);
+       if (ret)
+               return ERR_PTR(-errno);
+
+       inode = erofs_iget(st.st_ino);
+       if (inode)
+               return inode;
+
+       /* cannot find in the inode cache */
+       inode = erofs_new_inode();
+       if (IS_ERR(inode))
+               return inode;
+
+       ret = erofs_fill_inode(inode, &st, path);
+       if (ret)
+               return ERR_PTR(ret);
+
+       return inode;
+}
+
+void erofs_fixup_meta_blkaddr(struct erofs_inode *rootdir)
+{
+       const erofs_off_t rootnid_maxoffset = 0xffff << EROFS_ISLOTBITS;
+       struct erofs_buffer_head *const bh = rootdir->bh;
+       erofs_off_t off, meta_offset;
+
+       erofs_mapbh(bh->block, true);
+       off = erofs_btell(bh, false);
+
+       if (off > rootnid_maxoffset)
+               meta_offset = round_up(off - rootnid_maxoffset, EROFS_BLKSIZ);
+       else
+               meta_offset = 0;
+       sbi.meta_blkaddr = erofs_blknr(meta_offset);
+       rootdir->nid = (off - meta_offset) >> EROFS_ISLOTBITS;
+}
+
+erofs_nid_t erofs_lookupnid(struct erofs_inode *inode)
+{
+       struct erofs_buffer_head *const bh = inode->bh;
+       erofs_off_t off, meta_offset;
+
+       if (!bh)
+               return inode->nid;
+
+       erofs_mapbh(bh->block, true);
+       off = erofs_btell(bh, false);
+
+       meta_offset = blknr_to_addr(sbi.meta_blkaddr);
+       DBG_BUGON(off < meta_offset);
+       return inode->nid = (off - meta_offset) >> EROFS_ISLOTBITS;
+}
+
+void erofs_d_invalidate(struct erofs_dentry *d)
+{
+       struct erofs_inode *const inode = d->inode;
+
+       d->nid = erofs_lookupnid(inode);
+       erofs_iput(inode);
+}
+
+struct erofs_inode *erofs_mkfs_build_tree(struct erofs_inode *dir)
+{
+       int ret;
+       DIR *_dir;
+       struct dirent *dp;
+       struct erofs_dentry *d;
+
+       if (!S_ISDIR(dir->i_mode)) {
+               if (S_ISLNK(dir->i_mode)) {
+                       char *const symlink = malloc(dir->i_size);
+
+                       ret = readlink(dir->i_srcpath, symlink, dir->i_size);
+                       if (ret < 0)
+                               return ERR_PTR(-errno);
+
+                       erofs_write_file_from_buffer(dir, symlink);
+                       free(symlink);
+               } else {
+                       erofs_write_file(dir);
+               }
+
+               erofs_prepare_inode_buffer(dir);
+               erofs_write_tail_end(dir);
+               return dir;
+       }
+
+       _dir = opendir(dir->i_srcpath);
+       if (!_dir) {
+               erofs_err("%s, failed to opendir at %s: %s",
+                         __func__, dir->i_srcpath, erofs_strerror(errno));
+               return ERR_PTR(-errno);
+       }
+
+       while (1) {
+               /*
+                * set errno to 0 before calling readdir() in order to
+                * distinguish end of stream and from an error.
+                */
+               errno = 0;
+               dp = readdir(_dir);
+               if (!dp)
+                       break;
+
+               if (is_dot_dotdot(dp->d_name) ||
+                   !strncmp(dp->d_name, "lost+found", strlen("lost+found")))
+                       continue;
+
+               d = erofs_d_alloc(dir, dp->d_name);
+               if (IS_ERR(d)) {
+                       ret = PTR_ERR(d);
+                       goto err_closedir;
+               }
+       }
+
+       if (errno) {
+               ret = -errno;
+               goto err_closedir;
+       }
+       closedir(_dir);
+
+       erofs_prepare_dir_file(dir);
+       erofs_prepare_inode_buffer(dir);
+       if (IS_ROOT(dir))
+               erofs_fixup_meta_blkaddr(dir);
+
+       list_for_each_entry(d, &dir->i_subdirs, d_child) {
+               char buf[PATH_MAX];
+
+               if (is_dot_dotdot(d->name)) {
+                       erofs_d_invalidate(d);
+                       continue;
+               }
+
+               ret = snprintf(buf, PATH_MAX, "%s/%s",
+                              dir->i_srcpath, d->name);
+               if (ret < 0 || ret >= PATH_MAX) {
+                       /* ignore the too long path */
+                       goto fail;
+               }
+
+               d->inode = erofs_mkfs_build_tree_from_path(dir, buf);
+               if (IS_ERR(d->inode)) {
+fail:
+                       d->inode = NULL;
+                       d->type = EROFS_FT_UNKNOWN;
+                       continue;
+               }
+
+               d->type = erofs_type_by_mode[d->inode->i_mode >> S_SHIFT];
+               erofs_d_invalidate(d);
+               erofs_info("add file %s/%s (nid %lu, type %d)",
+                          dir->i_srcpath, d->name, d->nid, d->type);
+       }
+       erofs_write_dir_file(dir);
+       erofs_write_tail_end(dir);
+       return dir;
+
+err_closedir:
+       closedir(_dir);
+       return ERR_PTR(ret);
+}
+
+struct erofs_inode *erofs_mkfs_build_tree_from_path(struct erofs_inode *parent,
+                                                   const char *path)
+{
+       struct erofs_inode *const inode = erofs_iget_from_path(path, true);
+
+       if (IS_ERR(inode))
+               return inode;
+
+       /* a hardlink to the existed inode */
+       if (inode->i_parent) {
+               ++inode->i_nlink;
+               return inode;
+       }
+
+       /* a completely new inode is found */
+       if (parent)
+               inode->i_parent = parent;
+       else
+               inode->i_parent = inode;        /* rootdir mark */
+
+       return erofs_mkfs_build_tree(inode);
+}
+
-- 
2.17.1

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