Per PCIe Base Specification r6.0, sec 8.4.4 ("Lane Margining at
Receiver"), PCIe devices operating at 16.0 GT/s (Gen 4) or higher data
rates support the Lane Margining at Receiver Extended Capability
(ID 0x27), and it is mandatory for receivers operating at 64.0 GT/s
(Gen 6) or higher data rates. Lane Margining allows software to
evaluate high-speed link margins by measuring timing and voltage steps
for each individual physical lane and receiver.
Add driver and debugfs support for PCIe Lane Margining at Receiver:
- Add Lane Margining at Receiver Extended Capability register
definitions (PCI_EXT_CAP_ID_LMR, PCI_LMR_PORT_CAP, PCI_LMR_PORT_STS,
PCI_LMR_LANE_CTRL, PCI_LMR_LANE_STS) to <uapi/linux/pci_regs.h>.
- Add Kconfig option CONFIG_PCIE_LMR (under drivers/pci/pcie/Kconfig)
dependent on DEBUG_FS.
- Implement drivers/pci/pcie/margin.c to probe the capability on Gen4+
links and expose per-device debugfs entries under:
/sys/kernel/debug/pci/pcie_lmr_<pci_dev_name>/
providing control over margining enablement, receiver selection, and
execution of timing/voltage margin step commands. Distinguish
between missing mandatory LMR capability on Gen6+ vs optional on
Gen4/Gen5.
- Hook pci_lmr_init() into pci_init_capabilities() during device probe
in drivers/pci/probe.c and pci_lmr_exit() into drivers/pci/remove.c.
- Add kselftest script under tools/testing/selftests/pcie_lmt/pcie_lmt.sh
to test debugfs capability reads, enablement, and stepping.
- Add MAINTAINERS entry for PCIe Lane Margining at Receiver (LMR).
Signed-off-by: Priyank Rathod <[email protected]>
---
Documentation/PCI/index.rst | 1 +
Documentation/PCI/pcie-lmr.rst | 174 +++
MAINTAINERS | 8 +
drivers/pci/pci.h | 8 +
drivers/pci/pcie/Kconfig | 12 +
drivers/pci/pcie/Makefile | 1 +
drivers/pci/pcie/margin.c | 1682 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++
drivers/pci/probe.c | 1 +
drivers/pci/remove.c | 2 +-
include/linux/pci.h | 6 +
include/uapi/linux/pci_regs.h | 18 +
tools/testing/selftests/Makefile | 1 +
tools/testing/selftests/pcie_lmt/Makefile | 3 +
tools/testing/selftests/pcie_lmt/pcie_lmt.sh | 405 +++++++
14 files changed, 2321 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
diff --git a/Documentation/PCI/index.rst b/Documentation/PCI/index.rst
index 5d720d2a415e..9170c98cbf3f 100644
--- a/Documentation/PCI/index.rst
+++ b/Documentation/PCI/index.rst
@@ -20,3 +20,4 @@ PCI Bus Subsystem
controller/index
boot-interrupts
tph
+ pcie-lmr
diff --git a/Documentation/PCI/pcie-lmr.rst b/Documentation/PCI/pcie-lmr.rst
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..7f7bb242551e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/PCI/pcie-lmr.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+
+=======================================================
+PCI Express Lane Margining at Receiver (LMR) Subsystem
+=======================================================
+
+:Author: Priyank Rathod <[email protected]>
+:Copyright: 2026 Google LLC
+
+Overview
+========
+
+Lane Margining at Receiver (LMR), specified in the PCI Express Base
+Specification (Revision 7.0 sec 7.7.11 & sec 8.4.4),
+allows system software to evaluate high-speed link physical signal integrity
and
+eye margins. LMR measures available timing (jitter/phase) and voltage margin
+offsets for each physical lane and receiver independently while the link is
+operating in active L0 state.
+
+Lane Margining Extended Capability (ID 0x27) is optional for links operating at
+16.0 GT/s (PCIe Gen 4) and 32.0 GT/s (Gen 5), and is mandatory for receivers
+operating at 64.0 GT/s (Gen 6) and higher.
+
+Target Receivers
+================
+
+Each physical lane can margin up to 7 distinct receivers per PCIe link:
+
+* **Receiver 0 (Local Receiver)**: The receiver in the immediate link partner.
+* **Receivers 1 to 6 (Retimers)**: Retimer pseudo-ports along the physical link
+ (up to 3 retimers, each with upstream and downstream pseudo-ports).
+* **Receiver 7**: Reserved per PCIe Base Specification.
+
+Kernel Configuration
+====================
+
+Enable the kernel configuration option under PCI support:
+
+.. code-block:: none
+
+ CONFIG_PCIE_LMR=y (or =m)
+
+Dependencies:
+* ``CONFIG_PCI``
+* ``CONFIG_DEBUG_FS``
+
+Debugfs Interface Guide
+=======================
+
+When an LMR-capable device is enumerated on a Gen4+ link, the kernel exposes
+per-device control and status files under debugfs:
+
+.. code-block:: none
+
+ /sys/kernel/debug/pci/pcie_lmr_<domain>:<bus>:<dev>.<func>/
+
+Device-Level Attributes
+-----------------------
+
+* ``capabilities`` (read-only):
+ Displays the 16-bit Margining Port Capabilities register and whether the
+ device uses the Software Ready handshake bit.
+
+* ``port_status`` (read-only):
+ Displays the Margining Port Status register, indicating Margining Ready and
+ SW Ready states.
+
+* ``enable`` (read-write):
+ Enables (``1``) or disables (``0``) Lane Margining on the device.
+ Enabling margining locks the link into D0, prevents runtime PM suspend,
+ disables ASPM L0s/L1, disables hardware autonomous link width/speed changes,
+ and verifies that the link is operating at >= 16.0 GT/s.
+ Disabling margining restores ASPM, hardware autonomous width/speed settings,
+ and runtime PM, and returns all lanes to nominal (normal) operating settings.
+
+Lane-Level Attributes
+---------------------
+
+For each physical lane (``lane0``, ``lane1``, ...):
+
+* ``receiver`` (read-write):
+ Gets or sets the active target receiver number (``0`` for local receiver,
+ ``1..6`` for retimers). Switching receivers automatically clears previous
+ offsets back to normal settings per PCIe single-receiver margining
requirements.
+
+* ``caps`` (read-only):
+ Reports the target receiver's margining capabilities (PCIe Base Specification
+ Revision 7.0 Table 4-77 and Table 8-13):
+ - Voltage Margining support (supported vs unsupported)
+ - Independent Left/Right Timing Margining support (independent vs symmetric)
+ - Independent Up/Down Voltage Margining support (independent vs symmetric)
+ - Error Sampler vs Main Sampler (independent error sampler vs intrusive main
sampler)
+ - Sample Reporting Method (sampling rate vs sample count)
+
+* ``num_timing_steps`` (read-only):
+ Maximum timing margin steps supported by the receiver (0..63).
+
+* ``num_voltage_steps`` (read-only):
+ Maximum voltage margin steps supported by the receiver (0..127).
+
+* ``margin_timing`` (read-write):
+ Applies timing margin step offset (+/-). Writing ``0`` clears timing margin
+ back to nominal.
+
+* ``margin_voltage`` (read-write):
+ Applies voltage margin step offset (+/-). Writing ``0`` clears voltage margin
+ back to nominal.
+
+Manual Margining Example
+========================
+
+1. Inspect device capabilities and status:
+
+.. code-block:: sh
+
+ cat /sys/kernel/debug/pci/pcie_lmr_0000:01:00.0/capabilities
+ cat /sys/kernel/debug/pci/pcie_lmr_0000:01:00.0/port_status
+
+2. Enable Lane Margining mode:
+
+.. code-block:: sh
+
+ echo 1 > /sys/kernel/debug/pci/pcie_lmr_0000:01:00.0/enable
+
+3. Configure target receiver and inspect step limits on lane 0:
+
+.. code-block:: sh
+
+ echo 0 > /sys/kernel/debug/pci/pcie_lmr_0000:01:00.0/lane0/receiver
+ cat /sys/kernel/debug/pci/pcie_lmr_0000:01:00.0/lane0/caps
+ cat /sys/kernel/debug/pci/pcie_lmr_0000:01:00.0/lane0/num_timing_steps
+ cat /sys/kernel/debug/pci/pcie_lmr_0000:01:00.0/lane0/num_voltage_steps
+
+4. Apply timing and voltage margin steps:
+
+.. code-block:: sh
+
+ # Step timing margin +2 steps
+ echo 2 > /sys/kernel/debug/pci/pcie_lmr_0000:01:00.0/lane0/margin_timing
+
+ # Step voltage margin +1 step
+ echo 1 > /sys/kernel/debug/pci/pcie_lmr_0000:01:00.0/lane0/margin_voltage
+
+5. Reset margins back to nominal:
+
+.. code-block:: sh
+
+ echo 0 > /sys/kernel/debug/pci/pcie_lmr_0000:01:00.0/lane0/margin_timing
+ echo 0 > /sys/kernel/debug/pci/pcie_lmr_0000:01:00.0/lane0/margin_voltage
+
+6. Disable Lane Margining when complete:
+
+.. code-block:: sh
+
+ echo 0 > /sys/kernel/debug/pci/pcie_lmr_0000:01:00.0/enable
+
+Automated Testing via Kselftest
+===============================
+
+The kernel includes an automated kselftest script under
+``tools/testing/selftests/pcie_lmt/pcie_lmt.sh`` to probe, validate, and
exercise
+debugfs controls across all enumerated LMR devices.
+
+Run directly as root:
+
+.. code-block:: sh
+
+ sudo ./tools/testing/selftests/pcie_lmt/pcie_lmt.sh
+
+Or run via the kselftest test harness:
+
+.. code-block:: sh
+
+ make -C tools/testing/selftests TARGETS=pcie_lmt run_tests
diff --git a/MAINTAINERS b/MAINTAINERS
index 3a19da74d00c..312cd68a66be 100644
--- a/MAINTAINERS
+++ b/MAINTAINERS
@@ -21293,6 +21293,14 @@ F:
Documentation/devicetree/bindings/pci/qcom,sa8255p-pcie-ep.yaml
F: drivers/pci/controller/dwc/pcie-qcom-common.c
F: drivers/pci/controller/dwc/pcie-qcom-ep.c
+PCIE LANE MARGINING AT RECEIVER (LMR)
+M: Priyank Rathod <[email protected]>
+L: [email protected]
+S: Maintained
+F: Documentation/PCI/pcie-lmr.rst
+F: drivers/pci/pcie/margin.c
+F: tools/testing/selftests/pcie_lmt/
+
PCMCIA SUBSYSTEM
M: Dominik Brodowski <[email protected]>
S: Odd Fixes
diff --git a/drivers/pci/pci.h b/drivers/pci/pci.h
index ba3c3fddddc2..0d84b693bc47 100644
--- a/drivers/pci/pci.h
+++ b/drivers/pci/pci.h
@@ -1071,6 +1071,14 @@ static inline void pci_no_tph(void) { }
static inline void pci_tph_init(struct pci_dev *dev) { }
#endif
+#ifdef CONFIG_PCIE_LMR
+void pci_lmr_init(struct pci_dev *dev);
+void pci_lmr_exit(struct pci_dev *dev);
+#else
+static inline void pci_lmr_init(struct pci_dev *dev) { }
+static inline void pci_lmr_exit(struct pci_dev *dev) { }
+#endif
+
#ifdef CONFIG_PCIE_PTM
void pci_ptm_init(struct pci_dev *dev);
void pci_save_ptm_state(struct pci_dev *dev);
diff --git a/drivers/pci/pcie/Kconfig b/drivers/pci/pcie/Kconfig
index 207c2deae35f..3b021ca2fe84 100644
--- a/drivers/pci/pcie/Kconfig
+++ b/drivers/pci/pcie/Kconfig
@@ -137,6 +137,18 @@ config PCIE_PTM
This is only useful if you have devices that support PTM, but it
is safe to enable even if you don't.
+config PCIE_LMR
+ bool "PCI Express Lane Margining at Receiver Support"
+ depends on DEBUG_FS
+ help
+ This enables the PCI Express Lane Margining at Receiver support.
+ Lane Margining allows software to determine the voltage and
+ timing margin of each lane on a PCIe link (16.0 GT/s and above).
+ The margining data is exposed via debugfs.
+
+ This is only useful if you have devices that support lane
+ margining, but it is safe to enable even if you don't.
+
config PCIE_EDR
bool "PCI Express Error Disconnect Recover support"
depends on PCIE_DPC && ACPI
diff --git a/drivers/pci/pcie/Makefile b/drivers/pci/pcie/Makefile
index b0b43a18c304..aac45ae0402e 100644
--- a/drivers/pci/pcie/Makefile
+++ b/drivers/pci/pcie/Makefile
@@ -13,4 +13,5 @@ obj-$(CONFIG_PCIEAER_INJECT) += aer_inject.o
obj-$(CONFIG_PCIE_PME) += pme.o
obj-$(CONFIG_PCIE_DPC) += dpc.o
obj-$(CONFIG_PCIE_PTM) += ptm.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_PCIE_LMR) += margin.o
obj-$(CONFIG_PCIE_EDR) += edr.o
diff --git a/drivers/pci/pcie/margin.c b/drivers/pci/pcie/margin.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..7ce7e5a6d9f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drivers/pci/pcie/margin.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1682 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/*
+ * PCI Express Lane Margining at Receiver
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2026 Google LLC
+ * Author: Priyank Rathod <[email protected]>
+ *
+ * Lane Margining at Receiver (PCIe Base Specification Revision 7.0,
+ * sec 7.7.11 & sec 8.4.4) allows system software to determine the voltage
+ * and timing margins of each physical lane on a PCIe link. The Extended
+ * Capability (ID 0x27) is available for receivers operating at 16.0 GT/s
+ * (Gen4) or higher data rates, and is mandatory for receivers operating at
+ * 64.0 GT/s (Gen6) or higher data rates.
+ *
+ * This driver implements:
+ * - Probing Extended Capability ID 0x27 and Margining Port Capabilities.
+ * - Managing ASPM L0s/L1 link states during active margining with
+ * temporary inhibition (pci_aspm_inhibit).
+ * - PCIe Base Specification NO_CMD (0x7) clearing handshake per receiver
+ * and lane.
+ * - Caching receiver capabilities & step counts to avoid side-effects
+ * when setting to normal settings.
+ * - Handling Symmetric vs Independent Left/Right & Up/Down margin steps.
+ * - Runtime PM protection (D0 enforcement) during active margining.
+ * - Exposing per-device debugfs interfaces under /sys/kernel/debug/pci/.
+ */
+
+#include <linux/bitfield.h>
+#include <linux/bits.h>
+#include <linux/cleanup.h>
+#include <linux/debugfs.h>
+#include <linux/delay.h>
+#include <linux/err.h>
+#include <linux/errno.h>
+#include <linux/jiffies.h>
+#include <linux/kstrtox.h>
+#include <linux/minmax.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
+#include <linux/overflow.h>
+#include <linux/pci.h>
+#include <linux/pm_runtime.h>
+#include <linux/seq_file.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/sprintf.h>
+#include <linux/string_choices.h>
+#include <linux/types.h>
+#include <linux/workqueue.h>
+
+#include "../pci.h"
+
+/*
+ * Margining Type (MTYPE) field encodings (bits 5:3) in Margining Lane Control
+ * and Margining Lane Status registers per PCIe Base Specification
+ * Revision 7.0:
+ * - Section 7.7.11 "Lane Margining at the Receiver Extended Capability
+ * (ID 0x27)" (Margining Lane Control & Margining Lane Status Registers)
+ * - Section 4.2.18.2 "Margin Command and Response Flow"
+ * (Table 4-77 "Margin Commands and Corresponding Responses")
+ *
+ * Encodings:
+ * 001b (0x1) - Report Margin Control Capabilities
+ * 010b (0x2) - Set Margining Parameters (Go to Normal Settings,
+ * Clear Error Log)
+ * 011b (0x3) - Step Margin Timing
+ * 100b (0x4) - Step Margin Voltage
+ * 111b (0x7) - No Command
+ * (000b, 101b-110b are Reserved)
+ */
+#define LMR_TYPE_REPORT_CAPS 0x1 /* Report Capabilities */
+#define LMR_TYPE_SET_PARAMS 0x2 /* Set Margining Parameters */
+#define LMR_TYPE_TIMING 0x3 /* Step Margin Timing */
+#define LMR_TYPE_VOLTAGE 0x4 /* Step Margin Voltage */
+#define LMR_TYPE_NO_CMD 0x7 /* No Command */
+
+/* Command Payloads per PCIe Base Specification Revision 7.0 Table 4-77 */
+#define LMR_PAYLOAD_REPORT_CAPS 0x88 /* Report Capabilities
*/
+#define LMR_PAYLOAD_REPORT_VOLT_STEPS 0x89 /* Report Voltage Steps */
+#define LMR_PAYLOAD_REPORT_TIM_STEPS 0x8A /* Report Timing Steps */
+#define LMR_PAYLOAD_GO_TO_NORMAL 0x0F /* Go to Normal Settings */
+#define LMR_PAYLOAD_CLEAR_ERROR_LOG 0x55 /* Clear Error Log */
+#define LMR_PAYLOAD_NO_CMD 0x9C /* No Command */
+
+/* LMR command timing parameters */
+#define LMR_CMD_TIMEOUT_MS 150
+#define LMR_CMD_SLEEP_MIN_US 100
+#define LMR_CMD_SLEEP_MAX_US 250
+#define LMR_ENABLE_TIMEOUT_MS 150
+#define LMR_ENABLE_SLEEP_MIN_US 1000
+#define LMR_ENABLE_SLEEP_MAX_US 2000
+
+/*
+ * LMR parameter limits per PCIe Base Specification Revision 7.0:
+ * - Max lanes (32): sec 7.7.11 & Table 8-13 (MMaxLanes max 31)
+ * - Receiver numbers 0..6: Table 4-76 (assignment) & Table 4-77 (valid for
+ * commands)
+ * - Max timing step (63): sec 4.2.18.1.2, Table 4-77 (8Ah), & Table 8-13
+ * - Max voltage step (127): sec 4.2.18.1.2, Table 4-77 (89h), & Table 8-13
+ */
+#define LMR_MAX_LANES 32
+#define LMR_MAX_RX_NUM 6
+#define LMR_MAX_TIMING_STEP 63
+#define LMR_MAX_VOLTAGE_STEP 127
+
+/* LMR PCIe generation numbers and helper */
+#define LMR_GEN6 6
+#define LMR_GEN5 5
+#define LMR_GEN4 4
+
+#define LMR_SPEED_TO_GEN(speed) \
+ ((speed) >= PCIE_SPEED_64_0GT ? LMR_GEN6 : \
+ (speed) >= PCIE_SPEED_32_0GT ? LMR_GEN5 : \
+ LMR_GEN4)
+
+/* LMR lane register stride */
+#define LMR_LANE_REG_STRIDE 4
+
+/* LMR receivers */
+#define LMR_RX_LOCAL 0
+
+/*
+ * Margining Payload field masks for Step Margin Timing and Step Margin Voltage
+ * per PCIe Base Specification Revision 7.0 sec 4.2.18.1.2
+ * ("Margin Payload for Step Margin Commands"):
+ *
+ * Step Margin Timing Payload:
+ * Bit 7: Reserved (must be 0b)
+ * Bit 6: Direction (0 = Right/Up, 1 = Left/Down)
+ * Bits 5:0: Margin Step (0..63)
+ *
+ * Step Margin Voltage Payload:
+ * Bit 7: Direction (0 = Right/Up, 1 = Left/Down)
+ * Bits 6:0: Margin Step (0..127)
+ */
+#define LMR_TIMING_STEP_MASK GENMASK(5, 0)
+#define LMR_TIMING_DIR_MASK BIT(6)
+#define LMR_VOLTAGE_STEP_MASK GENMASK(6, 0)
+#define LMR_VOLTAGE_DIR_MASK BIT(7)
+
+/*
+ * Margin Payload step direction field encodings per PCIe Base Specification
+ * Revision 7.0 sec 4.2.18.1.2 ("Margin Payload for Step Margin Commands"):
+ *
+ * For timing:
+ * Bit 6: 0b = Right of normal setting (also 0b for symmetric margining)
+ * 1b = Left of normal setting (when MIndLeftRightTiming is Set)
+ * For voltage:
+ * Bit 7: 0b = Up from normal setting (also 0b for symmetric margining)
+ * 1b = Down from normal setting (when MIndUpDownVoltage is Set)
+ */
+#define LMR_STEP_DIR_RIGHT_OR_UP 0
+#define LMR_STEP_DIR_LEFT_OR_DOWN 1
+
+/*
+ * Report Margin Control Capabilities (Command 88h) response payload bit fields
+ * per PCIe Base Specification Revision 7.0 Table 4-77 & Table 8-13:
+ * Bit 0: MVoltageSupported (1 = Voltage margining supported;
+ * 0 = Not supported)
+ * Bit 1: MIndUpDownVoltage (1 = Independent Up/Down voltage supported;
+ * 0 = Symmetric)
+ * Bit 2: MIndLeftRightTiming (1 = Independent Left/Right timing
+ * supported; 0 = Symmetric)
+ * Bit 3: MSampleReportingMethod (1 = Sampling rate supported;
+ * 0 = Sample count supported)
+ * Bit 4: MIndErrorSampler (1 = Independent error sampler;
+ * 0 = Main data sampler)
+ * Bit 5: MSampleMultipleReceivers (1 = Multiple receivers can be sampled
+ * concurrently; 0 = Only one receiver at a time)
+ * Bits 7:6: Reserved
+ */
+#define LMR_CAP_VOLTAGE_SUPPORTED BIT(0)
+#define LMR_CAP_IND_UP_DOWN_VOLTAGE BIT(1)
+#define LMR_CAP_IND_LEFT_RIGHT_TIMING BIT(2)
+#define LMR_CAP_SAMPLE_REPORT_METHOD BIT(3)
+#define LMR_CAP_IND_ERROR_SAMPLER BIT(4)
+#define LMR_CAP_SAMPLE_MULTIPLE_RECEIVERS BIT(5)
+
+/*
+ * Step Margin Execution Status (Bits 7:6 of response payload per PCIe Base
+ * Specification Revision 7.0 sec 4.2.18.1.1 "Step Margin Execution Status"):
+ * 00b: Too many errors - Receiver autonomously went back to default settings
+ * 01b: Set up for margin in progress
+ * 10b: Margining in progress
+ * 11b: NAK - Unsupported Lane Margining command was issued
+ */
+#define LMR_STS_EXEC_MASK GENMASK(7, 6)
+#define LMR_STS_EXEC_TOO_MANY_ERR 0x0
+#define LMR_STS_EXEC_SETUP_IN_PROGRESS 0x1
+#define LMR_STS_EXEC_IN_PROGRESS 0x2
+#define LMR_STS_EXEC_NAK 0x3
+#define LMR_STS_ERR_CNT_MASK GENMASK(5, 0)
+
+/**
+ * struct pci_margin_rx_info - Cached Lane Margining receiver capabilities
+ * @caps_cached: True if receiver capabilities and step limits are cached
+ * @caps: Margining capabilities byte reported by receiver
+ * @num_timing_steps: Maximum timing margin steps supported by receiver
+ * @num_voltage_steps: Maximum voltage margin steps supported by receiver
+ */
+struct pci_margin_rx_info {
+ bool caps_cached;
+ u8 caps;
+ u8 num_timing_steps;
+ u8 num_voltage_steps;
+};
+
+/**
+ * struct pci_margin_lane - Per-lane margining state
+ * @mdev: Parent LMR margin device
+ * @lane: Physical lane index (0..num_lanes - 1)
+ * @rx: Selected target receiver number (0 = local, 1..6 = retimers)
+ * @timing_val: Current applied timing margin step offset (+/-)
+ * @voltage_val: Current applied voltage margin step offset (+/-)
+ * @rx_info: Cached receiver capabilities per receiver number
+ */
+struct pci_margin_lane {
+ struct pci_margin_dev *mdev;
+ int lane;
+ u8 rx;
+ int timing_val;
+ int voltage_val;
+ struct pci_margin_rx_info rx_info[LMR_MAX_RX_NUM + 1];
+};
+
+/**
+ * struct pci_margin_dev - PCIe Lane Margining device instance
+ * @dev: Underlying PCI device
+ * @partner: Connected link partner device across the PCIe link
+ * @cap: Extended capability offset (PCI_EXT_CAP_ID_LMR)
+ * @debugfs: Root debugfs dentry for this device
+ * @lock: Mutex protecting LMR hardware access, active margining enablement,
+ * target receiver selection, and lane margining steps
+ * @enabled: True if Lane Margining is currently enabled
+ * @aspm_inhibited: True if ASPM is temporarily inhibited for active margining
+ * @autonomous_saved: True if original autonomous width/speed configuration
+ * has been saved
+ * @saved_dsp_lnkctl_valid: True if Downstream Port Link Control was saved
+ * @saved_dsp_lnkctl2_valid: True if Downstream Port Link Control 2 was saved
+ * @saved_usp_lnkctl_valid: True if Upstream Port Link Control was saved
+ * @saved_usp_lnkctl2_valid: True if Upstream Port Link Control 2 was saved
+ * @saved_dsp_lnkctl: Saved Link Control register bits for Downstream Port
+ * @saved_dsp_lnkctl2: Saved Link Control 2 register bits for Downstream Port
+ * @saved_usp_lnkctl: Saved Link Control register bits for Upstream Port
+ * @saved_usp_lnkctl2: Saved Link Control 2 register bits for Upstream Port
+ * @num_lanes: Number of lanes on the link
+ * @lanes: Flexible array of per-lane state structures
+ */
+struct pci_margin_dev {
+ struct pci_dev *dev;
+ struct pci_dev *partner;
+ u16 cap;
+ struct dentry *debugfs;
+ struct mutex lock;
+ bool enabled;
+ bool aspm_inhibited;
+ bool autonomous_saved;
+ bool saved_dsp_lnkctl_valid;
+ bool saved_dsp_lnkctl2_valid;
+ bool saved_usp_lnkctl_valid;
+ bool saved_usp_lnkctl2_valid;
+ u16 saved_dsp_lnkctl;
+ u16 saved_dsp_lnkctl2;
+ u16 saved_usp_lnkctl;
+ u16 saved_usp_lnkctl2;
+ int num_lanes;
+ struct pci_margin_lane lanes[] __counted_by(num_lanes);
+};
+
+#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_DEBUG_FS)
+static DEFINE_MUTEX(pci_debugfs_root_lock);
+static struct dentry *pci_debugfs_root_dir;
+
+static struct dentry *get_pci_debugfs_root(void)
+{
+ mutex_lock(&pci_debugfs_root_lock);
+ if (!pci_debugfs_root_dir)
+ pci_debugfs_root_dir = debugfs_lookup("pci", NULL);
+ if (!pci_debugfs_root_dir)
+ pci_debugfs_root_dir = debugfs_create_dir("pci", NULL);
+ mutex_unlock(&pci_debugfs_root_lock);
+ return pci_debugfs_root_dir;
+}
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * pci_lmr_get_ports() - Identify Downstream and Upstream Port link partners
+ * using the already tracked mdev->dev and mdev->partner devices.
+ *
+ * For Root Ports and Switch Downstream Ports, @dev is the Downstream Port and
+ * @partner is the Upstream Port. For Endpoints and Switch Upstream Ports,
+ * @partner is the Downstream Port and @dev is the Upstream Port.
+ *
+ * Context: Called with mdev->lock held and partner already established.
+ * Does NOT acquire pci_bus_sem, preventing lock inversion deadlocks with
+ * device_lock.
+ */
+static void pci_lmr_get_ports(struct pci_margin_dev *mdev,
+ struct pci_dev **downstream_port,
+ struct pci_dev **upstream_port)
+{
+ struct pci_dev *dev = mdev->dev;
+ struct pci_dev *partner = mdev->partner;
+
+ if (pcie_downstream_port(dev)) {
+ *downstream_port = dev;
+ *upstream_port = partner;
+ } else {
+ *downstream_port = partner;
+ *upstream_port = dev;
+ }
+}
+
+
+
+/*
+ * Helpers to manage Autonomous Width/Speed transitions per PCIe Base
+ * Specification Revision 7.0:
+ * - Section 7.5.3.7 "Link Control Register" (Hardware Autonomous Width
+ * Disable, bit 9)
+ * - Section 7.5.3.17 "Link Control 2 Register" (Hardware Autonomous Speed
+ * Disable, bit 5)
+ * - Section 4.2.18.4 "Receiver Margin Testing Requirements"
+ * - Section 8.4.4 "Lane Margining at the Receiver - Electrical Requirements"
+ *
+ * Both Downstream Port and Upstream Port must save and set Hardware Autonomous
+ * Width Disable and Hardware Autonomous Speed Disable bits during margining to
+ * guarantee that the link remains in a stable active L0 state.
+ */
+static void pci_lmr_disable_autonomous(struct pci_margin_dev *mdev)
+{
+ struct pci_dev *downstream_port, *upstream_port;
+ u16 lnkctl, lnkctl2;
+ int ret;
+
+ if (mdev->autonomous_saved)
+ return;
+
+ pci_lmr_get_ports(mdev, &downstream_port, &upstream_port);
+
+ /* 1. Downstream Component (upstream_port): Save and Disable FIRST */
+ if (upstream_port && pci_is_pcie(upstream_port) &&
+ !pci_dev_is_disconnected(upstream_port) &&
+ upstream_port->current_state == PCI_D0) {
+ ret = pcie_capability_read_word(upstream_port, PCI_EXP_LNKCTL,
&lnkctl);
+ if (ret == PCIBIOS_SUCCESSFUL && !PCI_POSSIBLE_ERROR(lnkctl)) {
+ mdev->saved_usp_lnkctl = lnkctl;
+ mdev->saved_usp_lnkctl_valid = true;
+ pcie_capability_set_word(upstream_port, PCI_EXP_LNKCTL,
+ PCI_EXP_LNKCTL_HAWD);
+ }
+
+ ret = pcie_capability_read_word(upstream_port, PCI_EXP_LNKCTL2,
&lnkctl2);
+ if (ret == PCIBIOS_SUCCESSFUL && !PCI_POSSIBLE_ERROR(lnkctl2)) {
+ mdev->saved_usp_lnkctl2 = lnkctl2;
+ mdev->saved_usp_lnkctl2_valid = true;
+ pcie_capability_set_word(upstream_port, PCI_EXP_LNKCTL2,
+ PCI_EXP_LNKCTL2_HASD);
+ }
+ }
+
+ /* 2. Upstream Component (downstream_port): Save and Disable SECOND */
+ if (downstream_port && pci_is_pcie(downstream_port) &&
+ !pci_dev_is_disconnected(downstream_port) &&
+ downstream_port->current_state == PCI_D0) {
+ ret = pcie_capability_read_word(downstream_port,
PCI_EXP_LNKCTL, &lnkctl);
+ if (ret == PCIBIOS_SUCCESSFUL && !PCI_POSSIBLE_ERROR(lnkctl)) {
+ mdev->saved_dsp_lnkctl = lnkctl;
+ mdev->saved_dsp_lnkctl_valid = true;
+ pcie_capability_set_word(downstream_port,
PCI_EXP_LNKCTL,
+ PCI_EXP_LNKCTL_HAWD);
+ }
+
+ ret = pcie_capability_read_word(downstream_port,
PCI_EXP_LNKCTL2, &lnkctl2);
+ if (ret == PCIBIOS_SUCCESSFUL && !PCI_POSSIBLE_ERROR(lnkctl2)) {
+ mdev->saved_dsp_lnkctl2 = lnkctl2;
+ mdev->saved_dsp_lnkctl2_valid = true;
+ pcie_capability_set_word(downstream_port,
PCI_EXP_LNKCTL2,
+ PCI_EXP_LNKCTL2_HASD);
+ }
+ }
+
+ mdev->autonomous_saved = mdev->saved_usp_lnkctl_valid ||
+ mdev->saved_usp_lnkctl2_valid ||
+ mdev->saved_dsp_lnkctl_valid ||
+ mdev->saved_dsp_lnkctl2_valid;
+}
+
+static void pci_lmr_restore_autonomous(struct pci_margin_dev *mdev)
+{
+ struct pci_dev *downstream_port, *upstream_port;
+
+ if (!mdev->autonomous_saved)
+ return;
+
+ pci_lmr_get_ports(mdev, &downstream_port, &upstream_port);
+
+ /*
+ * PCIe Base Specification Revision 7.0 sec 7.5.3.7 & Table 7-24:
+ * 1. Upstream Component (downstream_port) restored FIRST.
+ */
+ if (downstream_port && pci_is_pcie(downstream_port) &&
+ !pci_dev_is_disconnected(downstream_port) &&
+ downstream_port->current_state == PCI_D0) {
+ if (mdev->saved_dsp_lnkctl_valid)
+ pcie_capability_clear_and_set_word(
+ downstream_port, PCI_EXP_LNKCTL,
PCI_EXP_LNKCTL_HAWD,
+ mdev->saved_dsp_lnkctl & PCI_EXP_LNKCTL_HAWD);
+ if (mdev->saved_dsp_lnkctl2_valid)
+ pcie_capability_clear_and_set_word(
+ downstream_port, PCI_EXP_LNKCTL2,
PCI_EXP_LNKCTL2_HASD,
+ mdev->saved_dsp_lnkctl2 & PCI_EXP_LNKCTL2_HASD);
+ }
+
+ /*
+ * 2. Downstream Component (upstream_port) restored SECOND.
+ */
+ if (upstream_port && pci_is_pcie(upstream_port) &&
+ !pci_dev_is_disconnected(upstream_port) &&
+ upstream_port->current_state == PCI_D0) {
+ if (mdev->saved_usp_lnkctl_valid)
+ pcie_capability_clear_and_set_word(
+ upstream_port, PCI_EXP_LNKCTL,
PCI_EXP_LNKCTL_HAWD,
+ mdev->saved_usp_lnkctl & PCI_EXP_LNKCTL_HAWD);
+ if (mdev->saved_usp_lnkctl2_valid)
+ pcie_capability_clear_and_set_word(
+ upstream_port, PCI_EXP_LNKCTL2,
PCI_EXP_LNKCTL2_HASD,
+ mdev->saved_usp_lnkctl2 & PCI_EXP_LNKCTL2_HASD);
+ }
+
+ mdev->saved_dsp_lnkctl_valid = false;
+ mdev->saved_dsp_lnkctl2_valid = false;
+ mdev->saved_usp_lnkctl_valid = false;
+ mdev->saved_usp_lnkctl2_valid = false;
+ mdev->autonomous_saved = false;
+}
+
+static inline u8 pci_lmr_sts_payload(u16 sts)
+{
+ return FIELD_GET(PCI_LMR_LANE_STS_PAYLOAD, sts);
+}
+
+/*
+ * pci_lmr_get_active_lanes() - Determine the current number of active lanes
+ * based on Negotiated Link Width (NLW) in Link Status Register.
+ *
+ * Per PCIe Base Specification Revision 7.0 sec 8.4.4, only active lanes
+ * respond to margining commands. Inactive lanes do not assert Margining Ready,
+ * causing command timeouts.
+ *
+ * If the link is down (NLW == 0 or configuration read fails), returns 0 to
+ * prevent 150 ms per-lane timeout stalls on inactive/down hardware.
+ */
+static int pci_lmr_get_active_lanes(struct pci_margin_dev *mdev)
+{
+ struct pci_dev *dev = mdev->dev;
+ u16 lnksta;
+ int ret, nlw;
+
+ ret = pcie_capability_read_word(dev, PCI_EXP_LNKSTA, &lnksta);
+ if (ret == PCIBIOS_SUCCESSFUL && !PCI_POSSIBLE_ERROR(lnksta)) {
+ nlw = FIELD_GET(PCI_EXP_LNKSTA_NLW, lnksta);
+ if (nlw > 0 && nlw <= mdev->num_lanes)
+ return nlw;
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * pci_lmr_run_cmd() - Issue LMR command to Lane Control and wait for Status.
+ * Must be called with mdev->lock held.
+ */
+static int pci_lmr_run_cmd(struct pci_margin_dev *mdev, int lane, u8 rx, u8
type,
+ u8 usage, u8 payload, u16 *status_val)
+{
+ struct pci_dev *dev;
+ u16 lmr, ctrl_offset, sts_offset;
+ u16 ctrl, sts;
+ unsigned long timeout;
+ int ret;
+
+ if (!mdev || lane < 0 || lane >= mdev->num_lanes || rx > LMR_MAX_RX_NUM)
+ return -EINVAL;
+
+ if (lane >= pci_lmr_get_active_lanes(mdev))
+ return -ENODEV;
+
+ dev = mdev->dev;
+ lmr = mdev->cap;
+ ctrl_offset = lmr + PCI_LMR_LANE_CTRL + LMR_LANE_REG_STRIDE * lane;
+ sts_offset = lmr + PCI_LMR_LANE_STS + LMR_LANE_REG_STRIDE * lane;
+
+ /*
+ * Per PCIe Base Specification Revision 7.0 sec 4.2.18.2 & Table 4-77,
+ * software must issue NO_CMD (0x7) with payload 0x9C targeting the
+ * specific receiver (rx) to clear MTYPE in Lane Status before issuing
+ * a subsequent command.
+ */
+ if (type != LMR_TYPE_NO_CMD) {
+ ctrl = FIELD_PREP(PCI_LMR_LANE_CTRL_RX_NUM, rx) |
+ FIELD_PREP(PCI_LMR_LANE_CTRL_MTYPE, LMR_TYPE_NO_CMD) |
+ FIELD_PREP(PCI_LMR_LANE_CTRL_USAGE, 0) |
+ FIELD_PREP(PCI_LMR_LANE_CTRL_PAYLOAD,
+ LMR_PAYLOAD_NO_CMD);
+
+ ret = pci_write_config_word(dev, ctrl_offset, ctrl);
+ if (ret != PCIBIOS_SUCCESSFUL)
+ return pcibios_err_to_errno(ret);
+
+ timeout = jiffies + msecs_to_jiffies(LMR_CMD_TIMEOUT_MS);
+ while (1) {
+ ret = pci_read_config_word(dev, sts_offset, &sts);
+ if (ret != PCIBIOS_SUCCESSFUL)
+ return pcibios_err_to_errno(ret);
+ if (PCI_POSSIBLE_ERROR(sts))
+ return -ENODEV;
+ if (FIELD_GET(PCI_LMR_LANE_STS_MTYPE, sts) ==
LMR_TYPE_NO_CMD &&
+ FIELD_GET(PCI_LMR_LANE_STS_RX_NUM, sts) == rx)
+ break;
+ if (time_after(jiffies, timeout))
+ return -ETIMEDOUT;
+ usleep_range(LMR_CMD_SLEEP_MIN_US,
LMR_CMD_SLEEP_MAX_US);
+ }
+ }
+
+ ctrl = FIELD_PREP(PCI_LMR_LANE_CTRL_RX_NUM, rx) |
+ FIELD_PREP(PCI_LMR_LANE_CTRL_MTYPE, type) |
+ FIELD_PREP(PCI_LMR_LANE_CTRL_USAGE, usage) |
+ FIELD_PREP(PCI_LMR_LANE_CTRL_PAYLOAD, payload);
+
+ ret = pci_write_config_word(dev, ctrl_offset, ctrl);
+ if (ret != PCIBIOS_SUCCESSFUL)
+ return pcibios_err_to_errno(ret);
+
+ timeout = jiffies + msecs_to_jiffies(LMR_CMD_TIMEOUT_MS);
+ while (1) {
+ ret = pci_read_config_word(dev, sts_offset, &sts);
+ if (ret != PCIBIOS_SUCCESSFUL)
+ return pcibios_err_to_errno(ret);
+ if (PCI_POSSIBLE_ERROR(sts))
+ return -ENODEV;
+
+ if (FIELD_GET(PCI_LMR_LANE_STS_MTYPE, sts) == type &&
+ FIELD_GET(PCI_LMR_LANE_STS_RX_NUM, sts) == rx) {
+ if (status_val)
+ *status_val = sts;
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ if (time_after(jiffies, timeout)) {
+ /*
+ * Per PCIe Base Specification Revision 7.0 sec 4.2.18.2
+ * & Table 4-77, if receiver echoes NO_CMD (0x7) after
+ * command issuance, it indicates NAK.
+ */
+ if (FIELD_GET(PCI_LMR_LANE_STS_MTYPE, sts) ==
LMR_TYPE_NO_CMD &&
+ FIELD_GET(PCI_LMR_LANE_STS_RX_NUM, sts) == rx)
+ return -EOPNOTSUPP;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ usleep_range(LMR_CMD_SLEEP_MIN_US, LMR_CMD_SLEEP_MAX_US);
+ }
+
+ return -ETIMEDOUT;
+}
+
+/*
+ * pci_lmr_clear_to_normal_lane() - Clear lane margin back to normal settings
+ * per PCIe Base Specification Revision 7.0 sec 4.2.18.2 & Table 4-77.
+ * Issues Set Margining Parameters (MTYPE 010b) with "Go to Normal Settings"
+ * (Payload 0x0F).
+ */
+static int pci_lmr_clear_to_normal_lane(struct pci_margin_lane *plane)
+{
+ u16 sts;
+ int ret;
+
+ if (!plane || !plane->mdev)
+ return -EINVAL;
+
+ if (plane->lane >= pci_lmr_get_active_lanes(plane->mdev)) {
+ plane->timing_val = 0;
+ plane->voltage_val = 0;
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ ret = pci_lmr_run_cmd(plane->mdev, plane->lane, plane->rx,
+ LMR_TYPE_SET_PARAMS, 0, LMR_PAYLOAD_GO_TO_NORMAL,
+ &sts);
+ plane->timing_val = 0;
+ plane->voltage_val = 0;
+ return ret;
+}
+
+static int pci_lmr_cache_rx_info(struct pci_margin_lane *plane, u8 rx)
+{
+ struct pci_margin_rx_info *info;
+ u16 sts;
+ int ret;
+
+ if (!plane || rx > LMR_MAX_RX_NUM)
+ return -EINVAL;
+
+ info = &plane->rx_info[rx];
+
+ if (info->caps_cached)
+ return 0;
+
+ /* Issuing REPORT_CAPS aborts active margin; clear to normal settings */
+ ret = pci_lmr_clear_to_normal_lane(plane);
+ if (ret)
+ return ret;
+
+ /* Report Capabilities: MTYPE 001b, Payload 0x88 */
+ ret = pci_lmr_run_cmd(plane->mdev, plane->lane, rx,
+ LMR_TYPE_REPORT_CAPS, 0, LMR_PAYLOAD_REPORT_CAPS,
+ &sts);
+ if (ret)
+ return ret;
+ info->caps = pci_lmr_sts_payload(sts);
+
+ /* Report Timing Steps: MTYPE 001b, Payload 0x8A */
+ ret = pci_lmr_run_cmd(plane->mdev, plane->lane, rx,
+ LMR_TYPE_REPORT_CAPS, 0,
+ LMR_PAYLOAD_REPORT_TIM_STEPS, &sts);
+ if (ret)
+ return ret;
+ info->num_timing_steps = FIELD_GET(LMR_TIMING_STEP_MASK,
pci_lmr_sts_payload(sts));
+
+ /*
+ * Report Voltage Steps: MTYPE 001b, Payload 0x89.
+ * Only query if receiver supports voltage margining. Per PCIe Base
+ * Specification Revision 7.0 Table 4-77, receivers lacking voltage
+ * margining support (MVoltageSupported = 0b) will NAK this command.
+ */
+ if (info->caps & LMR_CAP_VOLTAGE_SUPPORTED) {
+ ret = pci_lmr_run_cmd(plane->mdev, plane->lane, rx,
+ LMR_TYPE_REPORT_CAPS, 0,
+ LMR_PAYLOAD_REPORT_VOLT_STEPS, &sts);
+ if (ret)
+ return ret;
+ info->num_voltage_steps = FIELD_GET(LMR_VOLTAGE_STEP_MASK,
+ pci_lmr_sts_payload(sts));
+ } else {
+ info->num_voltage_steps = 0;
+ }
+
+ info->caps_cached = true;
+ return 0;
+}
+
+#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_DEBUG_FS)
+
+static int margin_caps_show(struct seq_file *s, void *v)
+{
+ struct pci_margin_dev *mdev = s->private;
+ struct pci_dev *dev = mdev->dev;
+ u16 cap;
+ int ret;
+
+ /*
+ * Wake the hardware and hold the PM reference before accessing
+ * registers
+ */
+ ret = pm_runtime_resume_and_get(&dev->dev);
+ if (ret < 0)
+ return ret;
+
+ ret = pci_read_config_word(dev, mdev->cap + PCI_LMR_PORT_CAP, &cap);
+ pm_runtime_put_sync(&dev->dev);
+
+ if (ret != PCIBIOS_SUCCESSFUL)
+ return pcibios_err_to_errno(ret);
+ if (PCI_POSSIBLE_ERROR(cap))
+ return -ENODEV;
+
+ seq_printf(s, "Port Capabilities: %#06x\n", cap);
+ seq_printf(s, " Uses SW Ready: %s\n",
+ str_yes_no(cap & PCI_LMR_PORT_CAP_USES_SW_READY));
+ return 0;
+}
+DEFINE_SHOW_ATTRIBUTE(margin_caps);
+
+static int margin_port_status_show(struct seq_file *s, void *v)
+{
+ struct pci_margin_dev *mdev = s->private;
+ struct pci_dev *dev = mdev->dev;
+ u16 sts;
+ int ret;
+
+ /*
+ * Wake the hardware and hold the PM reference before accessing
+ * registers
+ */
+ ret = pm_runtime_resume_and_get(&dev->dev);
+ if (ret < 0)
+ return ret;
+
+ ret = pci_read_config_word(dev, mdev->cap + PCI_LMR_PORT_STS, &sts);
+ pm_runtime_put_sync(&dev->dev);
+
+ if (ret != PCIBIOS_SUCCESSFUL)
+ return pcibios_err_to_errno(ret);
+ if (PCI_POSSIBLE_ERROR(sts))
+ return -ENODEV;
+
+ seq_printf(s, "Port Status: %#06x\n", sts);
+ seq_printf(s, " Margining Ready: %s\n",
+ str_yes_no(sts & PCI_LMR_PORT_STS_MARGIN_READY));
+ seq_printf(s, " SW Ready: %s\n",
+ str_yes_no(sts & PCI_LMR_PORT_STS_SW_READY));
+ return 0;
+}
+DEFINE_SHOW_ATTRIBUTE(margin_port_status);
+
+static int margin_enable_show(struct seq_file *s, void *v)
+{
+ struct pci_margin_dev *mdev = s->private;
+
+ if (pci_dev_is_disconnected(mdev->dev))
+ return -ENODEV;
+
+ guard(mutex)(&mdev->lock);
+ seq_printf(s, "%d\n", mdev->enabled);
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static void pci_lmr_disable_locked(struct pci_margin_dev *mdev)
+{
+ struct pci_dev *dev;
+ int active_lanes, i, ret;
+ u16 sts;
+
+ if (!mdev)
+ return;
+
+ lockdep_assert_held(&mdev->lock);
+
+ if (!mdev->enabled)
+ return;
+
+ dev = mdev->dev;
+ active_lanes = pci_lmr_get_active_lanes(mdev);
+
+ for (i = 0; i < active_lanes; i++)
+ pci_lmr_clear_to_normal_lane(&mdev->lanes[i]);
+
+ for (i = 0; i < mdev->num_lanes; i++) {
+ int r;
+
+ mdev->lanes[i].timing_val = 0;
+ mdev->lanes[i].voltage_val = 0;
+ for (r = 0; r <= LMR_MAX_RX_NUM; r++)
+ mdev->lanes[i].rx_info[r].caps_cached = false;
+ }
+
+ ret = pci_read_config_word(dev, mdev->cap + PCI_LMR_PORT_STS, &sts);
+ if (ret == PCIBIOS_SUCCESSFUL && !PCI_POSSIBLE_ERROR(sts)) {
+ sts &= ~PCI_LMR_PORT_STS_SW_READY;
+ pci_write_config_word(dev, mdev->cap + PCI_LMR_PORT_STS, sts);
+ }
+
+ if (mdev->aspm_inhibited) {
+ pci_aspm_inhibit_locked(dev, false);
+ mdev->aspm_inhibited = false;
+ }
+
+ pci_lmr_restore_autonomous(mdev);
+
+ if (mdev->partner) {
+ pm_runtime_put_sync(&mdev->partner->dev);
+ pci_dev_put(mdev->partner);
+ mdev->partner = NULL;
+ }
+
+ pm_runtime_put_sync(&dev->dev);
+ mdev->enabled = false;
+}
+
+static int pci_lmr_enable_locked(struct pci_margin_dev *mdev,
+ struct pci_dev *downstream_port,
+ struct pci_dev *upstream_port)
+{
+ struct pci_dev *dev = mdev->dev;
+ struct pci_dev *partner = NULL;
+ unsigned long timeout;
+ u16 sts, cap, lnksta;
+ int active_lanes, ret, i;
+
+ lockdep_assert_held(&mdev->lock);
+
+ /*
+ * Ensure device is powered (D0) before reading configuration
+ * registers
+ */
+ ret = pm_runtime_resume_and_get(&dev->dev);
+ if (ret < 0)
+ return ret;
+
+ partner = (dev == downstream_port) ? upstream_port : downstream_port;
+
+ /* Prevent concurrent LMR on both ends of the same link */
+ if (partner && partner->lmr && partner->lmr->enabled) {
+ ret = -EBUSY;
+ goto err_rpm;
+ }
+
+ if (partner) {
+ ret = pm_runtime_resume_and_get(&partner->dev);
+ if (ret < 0)
+ goto err_rpm;
+ mdev->partner = pci_dev_get(partner);
+ }
+
+ /*
+ * PCIe Base Specification Revision 7.0 sec 8.4.4: LMR is physically
+ * undefined below 16.0 GT/s. Even if a device supports Gen4+, if the
+ * link is currently trained and operating at Gen1..Gen3 speeds
+ * (< 16.0 GT/s) in Link Status Register (sec 7.5.3.8, Current Link
+ * Speed), reject margining.
+ */
+ ret = pcie_capability_read_word(dev, PCI_EXP_LNKSTA, &lnksta);
+ if (ret) {
+ ret = pcibios_err_to_errno(ret);
+ goto err_partner_rpm;
+ }
+ if (PCI_POSSIBLE_ERROR(lnksta)) {
+ ret = -ENODEV;
+ goto err_partner_rpm;
+ }
+ if ((lnksta & PCI_EXP_LNKSTA_CLS) < PCI_EXP_LNKSTA_CLS_16_0GB) {
+ ret = -EOPNOTSUPP;
+ goto err_partner_rpm;
+ }
+
+ active_lanes = FIELD_GET(PCI_EXP_LNKSTA_NLW, lnksta);
+ if (active_lanes == 0 || active_lanes > mdev->num_lanes)
+ active_lanes = mdev->num_lanes;
+
+ ret = pci_read_config_word(dev, mdev->cap + PCI_LMR_PORT_CAP, &cap);
+ if (ret != PCIBIOS_SUCCESSFUL) {
+ ret = pcibios_err_to_errno(ret);
+ goto err_partner_rpm;
+ }
+ if (PCI_POSSIBLE_ERROR(cap)) {
+ ret = -ENODEV;
+ goto err_partner_rpm;
+ }
+
+ /* Disable Autonomous Width and Speed transitions */
+ pci_lmr_disable_autonomous(mdev);
+
+ /*
+ * Inhibit ASPM during margining via the ASPM driver API so the link
+ * remains continuously in L0. pci_bus_sem is held by caller.
+ */
+ ret = pci_aspm_inhibit_locked(dev, true);
+ if (ret && ret != -EPERM)
+ goto err_autonomous;
+ if (!ret)
+ mdev->aspm_inhibited = true;
+
+ if (cap & PCI_LMR_PORT_CAP_USES_SW_READY) {
+ ret = pci_read_config_word(dev, mdev->cap + PCI_LMR_PORT_STS,
&sts);
+ if (ret != PCIBIOS_SUCCESSFUL) {
+ ret = pcibios_err_to_errno(ret);
+ goto err_aspm;
+ }
+ sts |= PCI_LMR_PORT_STS_SW_READY;
+ pci_write_config_word(dev, mdev->cap + PCI_LMR_PORT_STS, sts);
+ }
+
+ timeout = jiffies + msecs_to_jiffies(LMR_ENABLE_TIMEOUT_MS);
+ while (1) {
+ ret = pci_read_config_word(dev, mdev->cap + PCI_LMR_PORT_STS,
&sts);
+ if (ret != PCIBIOS_SUCCESSFUL) {
+ ret = pcibios_err_to_errno(ret);
+ goto err_sw_ready;
+ }
+ if (PCI_POSSIBLE_ERROR(sts)) {
+ ret = -ENODEV;
+ goto err_sw_ready;
+ }
+ if (sts & PCI_LMR_PORT_STS_MARGIN_READY)
+ break;
+ if (time_after(jiffies, timeout)) {
+ ret = -ETIMEDOUT;
+ goto err_sw_ready;
+ }
+ usleep_range(LMR_ENABLE_SLEEP_MIN_US, LMR_ENABLE_SLEEP_MAX_US);
+ }
+
+ /* Cache capabilities for configured receiver on all active lanes */
+ for (i = 0; i < active_lanes; i++) {
+ ret = pci_lmr_cache_rx_info(&mdev->lanes[i], mdev->lanes[i].rx);
+ if (ret)
+ goto err_sw_ready;
+ }
+ mdev->enabled = true;
+ return 0;
+
+err_sw_ready:
+ if (cap & PCI_LMR_PORT_CAP_USES_SW_READY) {
+ u16 clean_sts;
+ int clean_ret;
+
+ clean_ret = pci_read_config_word(
+ dev, mdev->cap + PCI_LMR_PORT_STS, &clean_sts);
+ if (clean_ret == PCIBIOS_SUCCESSFUL &&
!PCI_POSSIBLE_ERROR(clean_sts)) {
+ clean_sts &= ~PCI_LMR_PORT_STS_SW_READY;
+ pci_write_config_word(dev, mdev->cap + PCI_LMR_PORT_STS,
+ clean_sts);
+ }
+ }
+err_aspm:
+ if (mdev->aspm_inhibited) {
+ pci_aspm_inhibit_locked(dev, false);
+ mdev->aspm_inhibited = false;
+ }
+err_autonomous:
+ pci_lmr_restore_autonomous(mdev);
+err_partner_rpm:
+ if (mdev->partner) {
+ pm_runtime_put_sync(&mdev->partner->dev);
+ pci_dev_put(mdev->partner);
+ mdev->partner = NULL;
+ }
+err_rpm:
+ pm_runtime_put_sync(&dev->dev);
+ return ret;
+}
+
+static ssize_t margin_enable_write(struct file *file,
+ const char __user *user_buf, size_t count,
+ loff_t *ppos)
+{
+ struct seq_file *s = file->private_data;
+ struct pci_margin_dev *mdev = s->private;
+ struct pci_dev *dev = mdev->dev;
+ struct pci_dev *downstream_port = NULL, *upstream_port = NULL;
+ bool enable;
+ int ret;
+
+ ret = kstrtobool_from_user(user_buf, count, &enable);
+ if (ret)
+ return ret;
+
+ if (enable) {
+ ret = pcie_get_link_endpoints(dev, &downstream_port,
&upstream_port);
+ if (ret)
+ return ret;
+ } else {
+ struct pci_dev *partner;
+
+ /*
+ * When disabling LMR, always operate on the link partner that
+ * was saved when LMR was enabled (mdev->partner). If a hot-swap
+ * occurred while LMR was active, pcie_get_link_endpoints()
+ * would resolve to the newly connected device, causing
+ * pci_lmr_disable_locked() to restore registers on the old
+ * partner without holding its device_lock.
+ */
+ mutex_lock(&mdev->lock);
+ if (!mdev->enabled) {
+ mutex_unlock(&mdev->lock);
+ return count;
+ }
+ partner = mdev->partner;
+ if (partner)
+ pci_dev_get(partner);
+ mutex_unlock(&mdev->lock);
+
+ if (pcie_downstream_port(dev)) {
+ downstream_port = pci_dev_get(dev);
+ upstream_port = partner;
+ } else {
+ downstream_port = partner;
+ upstream_port = pci_dev_get(dev);
+ }
+ }
+
+ /*
+ * Canonical PCI locking hierarchy:
+ * pci_bus_sem -> Downstream Port (parent) -> Upstream Port (child)
-> mdev->lock.
+ * Holding pci_bus_sem allows pci_aspm_inhibit_locked() to safely
execute
+ * without lock inversion deadlocks.
+ */
+ down_read(&pci_bus_sem);
+ if (downstream_port)
+ pci_dev_lock(downstream_port);
+ if (upstream_port && upstream_port != downstream_port)
+ pci_dev_lock(upstream_port);
+
+ mutex_lock(&mdev->lock);
+
+ if (mdev->enabled == enable) {
+ ret = count;
+ } else if (!enable) {
+ pci_lmr_disable_locked(mdev);
+ ret = count;
+ } else {
+ ret = pci_lmr_enable_locked(mdev, downstream_port,
upstream_port);
+ if (!ret)
+ ret = count;
+ }
+
+ mutex_unlock(&mdev->lock);
+
+ if (upstream_port && upstream_port != downstream_port)
+ pci_dev_unlock(upstream_port);
+ if (downstream_port)
+ pci_dev_unlock(downstream_port);
+ up_read(&pci_bus_sem);
+
+ pcie_put_link_endpoints(downstream_port, upstream_port);
+
+ return ret;
+}
+
+static int margin_enable_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
+{
+ return single_open(file, margin_enable_show, inode->i_private);
+}
+
+static const struct file_operations margin_enable_fops = {
+ .open = margin_enable_open,
+ .read = seq_read,
+ .write = margin_enable_write,
+ .llseek = seq_lseek,
+ .release = single_release,
+};
+
+static int margin_lane_receiver_show(struct seq_file *s, void *v)
+{
+ struct pci_margin_lane *plane = s->private;
+ struct pci_margin_dev *mdev = plane->mdev;
+
+ if (pci_dev_is_disconnected(mdev->dev))
+ return -ENODEV;
+
+ guard(mutex)(&mdev->lock);
+ if (mdev->enabled && plane->lane >= pci_lmr_get_active_lanes(mdev))
+ return -ENODEV;
+
+ seq_printf(s, "%d\n", plane->rx);
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static ssize_t margin_lane_receiver_write(struct file *file, const char __user
*user_buf,
+ size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
+{
+ struct seq_file *s = file->private_data;
+ struct pci_margin_lane *plane = s->private;
+ struct pci_margin_dev *mdev = plane->mdev;
+ int ret;
+ u8 rx;
+
+ ret = kstrtou8_from_user(user_buf, count, 0, &rx);
+ if (ret)
+ return ret;
+
+ /*
+ * Valid receiver numbers are 0..6 per PCIe Base Specification
+ * Revision 7.0 sec 4.2.18.1 & Table 4-76; 7 is reserved.
+ */
+ if (rx > LMR_MAX_RX_NUM)
+ return -EINVAL;
+
+ guard(mutex)(&mdev->lock);
+ if (plane->rx == rx)
+ return count;
+
+ if (mdev->enabled) {
+ /*
+ * Clear previous receiver to normal settings per
+ * single-receiver rule
+ */
+ ret = pci_lmr_clear_to_normal_lane(plane);
+ if (ret)
+ return ret;
+ ret = pci_lmr_cache_rx_info(plane, rx);
+ if (ret)
+ return ret;
+ }
+
+ plane->rx = rx;
+ return count;
+}
+
+static int margin_lane_receiver_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
+{
+ return single_open(file, margin_lane_receiver_show, inode->i_private);
+}
+
+static const struct file_operations margin_lane_receiver_fops = {
+ .open = margin_lane_receiver_open,
+ .read = seq_read,
+ .write = margin_lane_receiver_write,
+ .llseek = seq_lseek,
+ .release = single_release,
+};
+
+static int margin_lane_caps_show(struct seq_file *s, void *v)
+{
+ struct pci_margin_lane *plane = s->private;
+ struct pci_margin_dev *mdev = plane->mdev;
+ struct pci_margin_rx_info *info;
+ int ret;
+ u8 val;
+
+ if (pci_dev_is_disconnected(mdev->dev))
+ return -ENODEV;
+
+ guard(mutex)(&mdev->lock);
+ if (!mdev->enabled)
+ return -EBUSY;
+
+ if (plane->lane >= pci_lmr_get_active_lanes(mdev))
+ return -ENODEV;
+
+ ret = pci_lmr_cache_rx_info(plane, plane->rx);
+ if (ret)
+ return ret;
+
+ info = &plane->rx_info[plane->rx];
+ val = info->caps;
+ seq_printf(s, "Lane %d Rx %d Capabilities: %#02x\n", plane->lane,
plane->rx, val);
+ seq_printf(s, " Voltage Supported: %s\n",
+ str_yes_no(val & LMR_CAP_VOLTAGE_SUPPORTED));
+ seq_printf(s, " Left/Right: %s\n",
+ (val & LMR_CAP_IND_LEFT_RIGHT_TIMING) ? "independent" :
"symmetric");
+ seq_printf(s, " Up/Down: %s\n",
+ (val & LMR_CAP_IND_UP_DOWN_VOLTAGE) ? "independent" :
"symmetric");
+ seq_printf(s, " Error Sampler: %s\n",
+ (val & LMR_CAP_IND_ERROR_SAMPLER) ? "independent" :
+ "main sampler");
+ seq_printf(s, " Sample Reporting: %s\n",
+ (val & LMR_CAP_SAMPLE_REPORT_METHOD) ? "rate" : "count");
+ seq_printf(s, " Sample Multiple Receivers: %s\n",
+ str_yes_no(val & LMR_CAP_SAMPLE_MULTIPLE_RECEIVERS));
+ return 0;
+}
+DEFINE_SHOW_ATTRIBUTE(margin_lane_caps);
+
+static int margin_lane_steps_show(struct seq_file *s, u8 type)
+{
+ struct pci_margin_lane *plane = s->private;
+ struct pci_margin_dev *mdev = plane->mdev;
+ struct pci_margin_rx_info *info;
+ int ret;
+
+ if (pci_dev_is_disconnected(mdev->dev))
+ return -ENODEV;
+
+ guard(mutex)(&mdev->lock);
+ if (!mdev->enabled)
+ return -EBUSY;
+
+ if (plane->lane >= pci_lmr_get_active_lanes(mdev))
+ return -ENODEV;
+
+ ret = pci_lmr_cache_rx_info(plane, plane->rx);
+ if (ret)
+ return ret;
+
+ info = &plane->rx_info[plane->rx];
+ seq_printf(s, "%d\n", (type == LMR_TYPE_VOLTAGE) ?
+ info->num_voltage_steps : info->num_timing_steps);
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int margin_lane_timing_steps_show(struct seq_file *s, void *v)
+{
+ return margin_lane_steps_show(s, LMR_TYPE_TIMING);
+}
+DEFINE_SHOW_ATTRIBUTE(margin_lane_timing_steps);
+
+static int margin_lane_voltage_steps_show(struct seq_file *s, void *v)
+{
+ return margin_lane_steps_show(s, LMR_TYPE_VOLTAGE);
+}
+DEFINE_SHOW_ATTRIBUTE(margin_lane_voltage_steps);
+
+/*
+ * pci_lmr_check_sample_multiple_rx() - Check multi-receiver concurrency.
+ * Per PCIe Base Specification Revision 7.0 sec 4.2.18.2 & sec 8.4.4:
+ * "For Receivers where MIndErrorSampler is 0b, at most one such Receiver is
+ * permitted to be margined at a time. However, margining may be performed on
+ * multiple Lanes simultaneously, as long as it is within the maximum number of
+ * Lanes the device supports."
+ *
+ * In addition, Command 88h response payload Bit 5 (MSampleMultipleReceivers)
+ * indicates whether multiple receivers can be sampled concurrently. Both
+ * MIndErrorSampler (Bit 4) and MSampleMultipleReceivers (Bit 5) must be set on
+ * the targeted receiver and all active receivers to allow concurrent margining
+ * across different receivers.
+ */
+static bool pci_lmr_check_sample_multiple_rx(struct pci_margin_dev *mdev,
+ struct pci_margin_lane *plane)
+{
+ struct pci_margin_rx_info *info = &plane->rx_info[plane->rx];
+ bool plane_concurrent;
+ int i;
+
+ plane_concurrent = (info->caps & LMR_CAP_IND_ERROR_SAMPLER) &&
+ (info->caps & LMR_CAP_SAMPLE_MULTIPLE_RECEIVERS);
+
+ for (i = 0; i < mdev->num_lanes; i++) {
+ struct pci_margin_lane *other = &mdev->lanes[i];
+ struct pci_margin_rx_info *other_info;
+ bool other_concurrent;
+
+ if (i == plane->lane)
+ continue;
+
+ if (other->timing_val == 0 && other->voltage_val == 0)
+ continue;
+
+ if (other->rx == plane->rx)
+ continue;
+
+ other_info = &other->rx_info[other->rx];
+ other_concurrent = (other_info->caps &
LMR_CAP_IND_ERROR_SAMPLER) &&
+ (other_info->caps &
LMR_CAP_SAMPLE_MULTIPLE_RECEIVERS);
+
+ /*
+ * If either the targeted receiver or any currently active
+ * receiver lacks an independent error sampler (MIndErrorSampler
+ * == 0b) or does not support concurrent receiver margining
+ * (MSampleMultipleReceivers == 0b), disallow concurrent
+ * margining across different receivers.
+ */
+ if (!plane_concurrent || !other_concurrent)
+ return false;
+ }
+ return true;
+}
+
+static int pci_lmr_check_exec_status(struct pci_margin_lane *plane, u16 sts)
+{
+ u8 exec = FIELD_GET(LMR_STS_EXEC_MASK, pci_lmr_sts_payload(sts));
+
+ if (exec == LMR_STS_EXEC_NAK)
+ return -EOPNOTSUPP;
+ if (exec == LMR_STS_EXEC_TOO_MANY_ERR) {
+ plane->timing_val = 0;
+ plane->voltage_val = 0;
+ return -EIO;
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int pci_lmr_issue_step(struct pci_margin_lane *plane, u8 type, int val)
+{
+ struct pci_margin_dev *mdev = plane->mdev;
+ u8 step, dir, payload;
+ u16 sts;
+ int ret;
+
+ if (type == LMR_TYPE_TIMING) {
+ if (val < 0) {
+ step = -val;
+ dir = LMR_STEP_DIR_LEFT_OR_DOWN;
+ } else {
+ step = val;
+ dir = LMR_STEP_DIR_RIGHT_OR_UP;
+ }
+ payload = FIELD_PREP(LMR_TIMING_DIR_MASK, dir) |
+ FIELD_PREP(LMR_TIMING_STEP_MASK, step);
+ ret = pci_lmr_run_cmd(mdev, plane->lane, plane->rx,
+ LMR_TYPE_TIMING, 0, payload, &sts);
+ if (ret)
+ return ret;
+ ret = pci_lmr_check_exec_status(plane, sts);
+ if (ret)
+ return ret;
+ plane->timing_val = val;
+ } else {
+ if (val < 0) {
+ step = -val;
+ dir = LMR_STEP_DIR_LEFT_OR_DOWN;
+ } else {
+ step = val;
+ dir = LMR_STEP_DIR_RIGHT_OR_UP;
+ }
+ payload = FIELD_PREP(LMR_VOLTAGE_DIR_MASK, dir) |
+ FIELD_PREP(LMR_VOLTAGE_STEP_MASK, step);
+ ret = pci_lmr_run_cmd(mdev, plane->lane, plane->rx,
+ LMR_TYPE_VOLTAGE, 0, payload, &sts);
+ if (ret)
+ return ret;
+ ret = pci_lmr_check_exec_status(plane, sts);
+ if (ret)
+ return ret;
+ plane->voltage_val = val;
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static ssize_t margin_lane_step_write(struct file *file, const char __user
*user_buf,
+ size_t count, u8 type)
+{
+ struct seq_file *s = file->private_data;
+ struct pci_margin_lane *plane = s->private;
+ struct pci_margin_dev *mdev = plane->mdev;
+ struct pci_margin_rx_info *info;
+ int max_step, val, ret;
+ u8 step, caps;
+ u16 sts;
+
+ ret = kstrtoint_from_user(user_buf, count, 0, &val);
+ if (ret)
+ return ret;
+
+ guard(mutex)(&mdev->lock);
+ if (!mdev->enabled)
+ return -EBUSY;
+
+ /*
+ * Reject step operations if the target lane exceeds the currently
+ * negotiated/active link width (e.g. down-trained link) or if the
+ * link is down / device disconnected.
+ */
+ ret = pcie_capability_read_word(mdev->dev, PCI_EXP_LNKSTA, &sts);
+ if (ret != PCIBIOS_SUCCESSFUL)
+ return pcibios_err_to_errno(ret);
+ if (PCI_POSSIBLE_ERROR(sts))
+ return -ENODEV;
+ {
+ u16 nlw = FIELD_GET(PCI_EXP_LNKSTA_NLW, sts);
+
+ if (nlw == 0 || plane->lane >= nlw)
+ return -ENODEV;
+ }
+
+ if (val == 0) {
+ /*
+ * Per PCIe Base Specification Revision 7.0 Table 4-77, Step
+ * Margin commands with a 0 payload are NO-OPs in hardware.
+ * Returning an axis to nominal (0) requires issuing "Go to
+ * Normal Settings" (LMR_PAYLOAD_GO_TO_NORMAL / 0x0F). If the
+ * orthogonal axis is non-zero, clear both axes to normal first,
+ * then re-apply the orthogonal displacement to prevent hardware
+ * state drift.
+ */
+ if (type == LMR_TYPE_TIMING) {
+ int saved_voltage = plane->voltage_val;
+
+ ret = pci_lmr_clear_to_normal_lane(plane);
+ if (!ret && saved_voltage != 0)
+ ret = pci_lmr_issue_step(plane,
LMR_TYPE_VOLTAGE, saved_voltage);
+ } else {
+ int saved_timing = plane->timing_val;
+
+ ret = pci_lmr_clear_to_normal_lane(plane);
+ if (!ret && saved_timing != 0)
+ ret = pci_lmr_issue_step(plane,
LMR_TYPE_TIMING, saved_timing);
+ }
+ return ret ? ret : count;
+ }
+
+ ret = pci_lmr_cache_rx_info(plane, plane->rx);
+ if (ret)
+ return ret;
+
+ if (!pci_lmr_check_sample_multiple_rx(mdev, plane))
+ return -EBUSY;
+
+ info = &plane->rx_info[plane->rx];
+ caps = info->caps;
+
+ switch (type) {
+ case LMR_TYPE_TIMING:
+ if (val < -LMR_MAX_TIMING_STEP || val > LMR_MAX_TIMING_STEP)
+ return -EINVAL;
+ if (val < 0) {
+ if (!(caps & LMR_CAP_IND_LEFT_RIGHT_TIMING))
+ return -EINVAL;
+ step = -val;
+ } else {
+ step = val;
+ }
+ max_step = info->num_timing_steps;
+ if (step > max_step)
+ return -EINVAL;
+
+ ret = pci_lmr_issue_step(plane, LMR_TYPE_TIMING, val);
+ if (ret)
+ return ret;
+ break;
+
+ case LMR_TYPE_VOLTAGE:
+ if (!(caps & LMR_CAP_VOLTAGE_SUPPORTED))
+ return -EOPNOTSUPP;
+ if (val < -LMR_MAX_VOLTAGE_STEP || val > LMR_MAX_VOLTAGE_STEP)
+ return -EINVAL;
+ if (val < 0) {
+ if (!(caps & LMR_CAP_IND_UP_DOWN_VOLTAGE))
+ return -EINVAL;
+ step = -val;
+ } else {
+ step = val;
+ }
+ max_step = info->num_voltage_steps;
+ if (step > max_step)
+ return -EINVAL;
+
+ ret = pci_lmr_issue_step(plane, LMR_TYPE_VOLTAGE, val);
+ if (ret)
+ return ret;
+ break;
+
+ default:
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+
+ return count;
+}
+
+static ssize_t margin_lane_timing_write(struct file *file, const char __user
*user_buf,
+ size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
+{
+ return margin_lane_step_write(file, user_buf, count, LMR_TYPE_TIMING);
+}
+
+static int margin_lane_step_show(struct seq_file *s, u8 type)
+{
+ struct pci_margin_lane *plane = s->private;
+ struct pci_margin_dev *mdev = plane->mdev;
+
+ if (pci_dev_is_disconnected(mdev->dev))
+ return -ENODEV;
+
+ guard(mutex)(&plane->mdev->lock);
+ if (mdev->enabled && plane->lane >= pci_lmr_get_active_lanes(mdev))
+ return -ENODEV;
+
+ seq_printf(s, "%d\n", (type == LMR_TYPE_VOLTAGE) ?
+ plane->voltage_val : plane->timing_val);
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int margin_lane_timing_show(struct seq_file *s, void *v)
+{
+ return margin_lane_step_show(s, LMR_TYPE_TIMING);
+}
+
+static int margin_lane_timing_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
+{
+ return single_open(file, margin_lane_timing_show, inode->i_private);
+}
+
+static const struct file_operations margin_lane_timing_fops = {
+ .open = margin_lane_timing_open,
+ .read = seq_read,
+ .write = margin_lane_timing_write,
+ .llseek = seq_lseek,
+ .release = single_release,
+};
+
+static ssize_t margin_lane_voltage_write(struct file *file, const char __user
*user_buf,
+ size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
+{
+ return margin_lane_step_write(file, user_buf, count, LMR_TYPE_VOLTAGE);
+}
+
+static int margin_lane_voltage_show(struct seq_file *s, void *v)
+{
+ return margin_lane_step_show(s, LMR_TYPE_VOLTAGE);
+}
+
+static int margin_lane_voltage_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
+{
+ return single_open(file, margin_lane_voltage_show, inode->i_private);
+}
+
+static const struct file_operations margin_lane_voltage_fops = {
+ .open = margin_lane_voltage_open,
+ .read = seq_read,
+ .write = margin_lane_voltage_write,
+ .llseek = seq_lseek,
+ .release = single_release,
+};
+
+static void pci_margin_debugfs_init(struct pci_margin_dev *mdev)
+{
+ struct pci_dev *dev = mdev->dev;
+ struct dentry *parent;
+ char dirname[64];
+ int i;
+
+ parent = get_pci_debugfs_root();
+ scnprintf(dirname, sizeof(dirname), "pcie_lmr_%s", dev_name(&dev->dev));
+ mdev->debugfs = debugfs_create_dir(dirname, parent);
+
+ debugfs_create_file("capabilities", 0444, mdev->debugfs, mdev,
&margin_caps_fops);
+ debugfs_create_file("port_status", 0444, mdev->debugfs, mdev,
&margin_port_status_fops);
+ debugfs_create_file("enable", 0644, mdev->debugfs, mdev,
&margin_enable_fops);
+
+ for (i = 0; i < mdev->num_lanes; i++) {
+ struct pci_margin_lane *plane = &mdev->lanes[i];
+ struct dentry *lane_dir;
+ char lane_name[16];
+
+ scnprintf(lane_name, sizeof(lane_name), "lane%d", i);
+ lane_dir = debugfs_create_dir(lane_name, mdev->debugfs);
+
+ debugfs_create_file("receiver", 0644, lane_dir, plane,
&margin_lane_receiver_fops);
+ debugfs_create_file("caps", 0444, lane_dir, plane,
&margin_lane_caps_fops);
+ debugfs_create_file("num_timing_steps", 0444, lane_dir, plane,
+ &margin_lane_timing_steps_fops);
+ debugfs_create_file("num_voltage_steps", 0444, lane_dir, plane,
+ &margin_lane_voltage_steps_fops);
+ debugfs_create_file("margin_timing", 0644, lane_dir, plane,
+ &margin_lane_timing_fops);
+ debugfs_create_file("margin_voltage", 0644, lane_dir, plane,
+ &margin_lane_voltage_fops);
+ }
+}
+
+static void pci_margin_debugfs_remove(struct pci_margin_dev *mdev)
+{
+ debugfs_remove_recursive(mdev->debugfs);
+}
+
+#else
+static inline void pci_margin_debugfs_init(struct pci_margin_dev *mdev) { }
+static inline void pci_margin_debugfs_remove(struct pci_margin_dev *mdev) { }
+#endif
+
+void pci_lmr_init(struct pci_dev *dev)
+{
+ struct pci_margin_dev *mdev;
+ enum pci_bus_speed speed;
+ u32 lnkcap;
+ u16 lmr;
+ int num_lanes, ret, i;
+
+ if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!dev) || !pci_is_pcie(dev))
+ return;
+
+ /*
+ * Per PCIe Base Specification Revision 7.0 sec 7.7.11:
+ * Lane Margining at Receiver is physically undefined and not applicable
+ * to Root Complex Integrated Endpoints, Root Complex Event Collectors,
+ * or PCIe-to-PCI/PCI-X Bridges.
+ */
+ if (pci_pcie_type(dev) == PCI_EXP_TYPE_RC_END ||
+ pci_pcie_type(dev) == PCI_EXP_TYPE_RC_EC ||
+ pci_pcie_type(dev) == PCI_EXP_TYPE_PCI_BRIDGE)
+ return;
+
+ /*
+ * Per PCIe Base Specification Revision 7.0 sec 7.7.11:
+ * For devices associated with an Upstream Port (Endpoints,
+ * Legacy Endpoints, and Switch Upstream Ports), the Lane Margining
+ * Extended Capability must be implemented in Function 0 (and only
+ * Function 0).
+ */
+ if ((pci_pcie_type(dev) == PCI_EXP_TYPE_ENDPOINT ||
+ pci_pcie_type(dev) == PCI_EXP_TYPE_LEG_END ||
+ pci_pcie_type(dev) == PCI_EXP_TYPE_UPSTREAM) &&
+ PCI_FUNC(dev->devfn) != 0)
+ return;
+
+ speed = pcie_get_speed_cap(dev);
+ if (speed < PCIE_SPEED_16_0GT || speed == PCI_SPEED_UNKNOWN)
+ return;
+
+ lmr = pci_find_ext_capability(dev, PCI_EXT_CAP_ID_LMR);
+ if (!lmr) {
+ if (speed >= PCIE_SPEED_64_0GT)
+ pci_warn(dev,
+ "Missing Lane Margining at Receiver Capability
(mandatory for Gen6+)\n");
+ else
+ pci_dbg(dev,
+ "Optional Lane Margining at Receiver Capability
not found\n");
+ return;
+ }
+
+ /*
+ * Determine link width: read Maximum Link Width (MLW) from Link
+ * Capabilities. Sizing data structures and debugfs interfaces to MLW
+ * ensures all lanes can be margined if the link up-trains dynamically.
+ * Dynamic Negotiated Link Width (NLW) is queried at runtime via
+ * pci_lmr_get_active_lanes().
+ */
+ ret = pcie_capability_read_dword(dev, PCI_EXP_LNKCAP, &lnkcap);
+ if (ret != PCIBIOS_SUCCESSFUL || PCI_POSSIBLE_ERROR(lnkcap))
+ return;
+ num_lanes = FIELD_GET(PCI_EXP_LNKCAP_MLW, lnkcap);
+ if (num_lanes == 0 || num_lanes > LMR_MAX_LANES) {
+ pci_warn(dev, "Invalid link width %d for LMR\n", num_lanes);
+ return;
+ }
+
+ dev->lmr_cap = lmr;
+
+ mdev = kzalloc(struct_size(mdev, lanes, num_lanes), GFP_KERNEL);
+ if (!mdev)
+ return;
+
+ mdev->num_lanes = num_lanes;
+ mdev->dev = dev;
+ mdev->cap = lmr;
+ mutex_init(&mdev->lock);
+
+ for (i = 0; i < num_lanes; i++) {
+ mdev->lanes[i].mdev = mdev;
+ mdev->lanes[i].lane = i;
+ mdev->lanes[i].rx = LMR_RX_LOCAL;
+ }
+
+ dev->lmr = mdev;
+ pci_margin_debugfs_init(mdev);
+
+ pci_dbg(dev, "Lane Margining at Receiver (Gen%u) Capability detected\n",
+ LMR_SPEED_TO_GEN(speed));
+}
+
+void pci_lmr_exit(struct pci_dev *dev)
+{
+ struct pci_margin_dev *mdev;
+ struct pci_dev *partner;
+ struct pci_dev *downstream_port, *upstream_port;
+
+ if (!dev || !dev->lmr)
+ return;
+
+ mdev = dev->lmr;
+
+ /*
+ * 1. Tear down user-facing debugfs files FIRST to prevent concurrent
+ * access. debugfs_remove_recursive() flushes active file operations.
+ */
+ pci_margin_debugfs_remove(mdev);
+
+ /*
+ * 2. Acquire locks in canonical PCI hierarchy:
+ * pci_bus_sem -> Downstream Port (parent) -> Upstream Port (child)
-> mdev->lock.
+ *
+ * Both ends of the link must hold their device_lock during teardown
+ * because pci_lmr_disable_locked() restores autonomous width and speed
+ * registers on both ports.
+ */
+ mutex_lock(&mdev->lock);
+ partner = mdev->partner;
+ if (partner)
+ pci_dev_get(partner);
+ mutex_unlock(&mdev->lock);
+
+ if (pcie_downstream_port(dev)) {
+ downstream_port = dev;
+ upstream_port = partner;
+ } else {
+ downstream_port = partner;
+ upstream_port = dev;
+ }
+
+ down_read(&pci_bus_sem);
+ if (downstream_port)
+ pci_dev_lock(downstream_port);
+ if (upstream_port && upstream_port != downstream_port)
+ pci_dev_lock(upstream_port);
+
+ mutex_lock(&mdev->lock);
+ dev->lmr = NULL;
+ if (mdev->enabled)
+ pci_lmr_disable_locked(mdev);
+ mutex_unlock(&mdev->lock);
+
+ if (upstream_port && upstream_port != downstream_port)
+ pci_dev_unlock(upstream_port);
+ if (downstream_port)
+ pci_dev_unlock(downstream_port);
+ up_read(&pci_bus_sem);
+
+ pci_dev_put(partner);
+
+ /* 3. Safe to destroy structures */
+ mutex_destroy(&mdev->lock);
+ kfree(mdev);
+}
diff --git a/drivers/pci/probe.c b/drivers/pci/probe.c
index 27008e2ea5af..98c84fdb0a97 100644
--- a/drivers/pci/probe.c
+++ b/drivers/pci/probe.c
@@ -2666,6 +2666,7 @@ static void pci_init_capabilities(struct pci_dev *dev)
pci_pasid_init(dev); /* Process Address Space ID */
pci_acs_init(dev); /* Access Control Services */
pci_ptm_init(dev); /* Precision Time Measurement */
+ pci_lmr_init(dev); /* Lane Margining at Receiver */
pci_aer_init(dev); /* Advanced Error Reporting */
pci_dpc_init(dev); /* Downstream Port Containment */
pci_rcec_init(dev); /* Root Complex Event Collector */
diff --git a/drivers/pci/remove.c b/drivers/pci/remove.c
index e711ac1d4e38..f78f0c654011 100644
--- a/drivers/pci/remove.c
+++ b/drivers/pci/remove.c
@@ -37,12 +37,12 @@ static void pci_destroy_dev(struct pci_dev *dev)
platform_pci_remove_wake(dev);
pci_doe_sysfs_teardown(dev);
pci_npem_remove(dev);
-
/*
* While device is in D0 drop the device from TSM link operations
* including unbind and disconnect (IDE + SPDM teardown).
*/
pci_tsm_destroy(dev);
+ pci_lmr_exit(dev);
device_del(&dev->dev);
diff --git a/include/linux/pci.h b/include/linux/pci.h
index b0ce8ee8d622..fbb85ad124b5 100644
--- a/include/linux/pci.h
+++ b/include/linux/pci.h
@@ -353,6 +353,8 @@ struct rcec_ea;
* number resources to allow for hierarchy expansion.
* @is_pciehp: PCIe Hot-Plug Capable bridge.
*/
+struct pci_margin_dev;
+
struct pci_dev {
struct list_head bus_list; /* Node in per-bus list */
struct pci_bus *bus; /* Bus this device is on */
@@ -532,6 +534,10 @@ struct pci_dev {
atomic_t ptm_enable_cnt;
u8 ptm_granularity;
#endif
+#ifdef CONFIG_PCIE_LMR
+ u16 lmr_cap; /* Lane Margining Capability */
+ struct pci_margin_dev *lmr;
+#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_PCI_MSI
void __iomem *msix_base;
raw_spinlock_t msi_lock;
diff --git a/include/uapi/linux/pci_regs.h b/include/uapi/linux/pci_regs.h
index facaa324bd86..90cbe310e62f 100644
--- a/include/uapi/linux/pci_regs.h
+++ b/include/uapi/linux/pci_regs.h
@@ -757,6 +757,7 @@
#define PCI_EXT_CAP_ID_VF_REBAR 0x24 /* VF Resizable BAR */
#define PCI_EXT_CAP_ID_DLF 0x25 /* Data Link Feature */
#define PCI_EXT_CAP_ID_PL_16GT 0x26 /* Physical Layer 16.0 GT/s */
+#define PCI_EXT_CAP_ID_LMR 0x27 /* Lane Margining at Receiver */
#define PCI_EXT_CAP_ID_NPEM 0x29 /* Native PCIe Enclosure Management */
#define PCI_EXT_CAP_ID_PL_32GT 0x2A /* Physical Layer 32.0 GT/s */
#define PCI_EXT_CAP_ID_DOE 0x2E /* Data Object Exchange */
@@ -1181,6 +1182,23 @@
#define PCI_PL_16GT_LE_CTRL_USP_TX_PRESET_MASK 0x000000F0
#define PCI_PL_16GT_LE_CTRL_USP_TX_PRESET_SHIFT 4
+/* Lane Margining at Receiver */
+#define PCI_LMR_PORT_CAP 0x04 /* Margining Port Capabilities
*/
+#define PCI_LMR_PORT_CAP_USES_SW_READY 0x0001 /* Margining Uses
Software Ready */
+#define PCI_LMR_PORT_STS 0x06 /* Margining Port Status */
+#define PCI_LMR_PORT_STS_MARGIN_READY 0x0001 /* Margining Ready */
+#define PCI_LMR_PORT_STS_SW_READY 0x0002 /* Margining SW Ready */
+#define PCI_LMR_LANE_CTRL 0x08 /* Margining Lane Control */
+#define PCI_LMR_LANE_CTRL_RX_NUM 0x0007 /* Receiver Number */
+#define PCI_LMR_LANE_CTRL_MTYPE 0x0038 /* Margining Type */
+#define PCI_LMR_LANE_CTRL_USAGE 0x0040 /* Margining Usage Model */
+#define PCI_LMR_LANE_CTRL_PAYLOAD 0xFF00 /* Margining Payload */
+#define PCI_LMR_LANE_STS 0x0A /* Margining Lane Status */
+#define PCI_LMR_LANE_STS_RX_NUM 0x0007 /* Receiver Number */
+#define PCI_LMR_LANE_STS_MTYPE 0x0038 /* Margining Type */
+#define PCI_LMR_LANE_STS_USAGE 0x0040 /* Margining Usage
Model */
+#define PCI_LMR_LANE_STS_PAYLOAD 0xFF00 /* Margining Payload */
+
/* Physical Layer 32.0 GT/s */
#define PCI_PL_32GT_LE_CTRL 0x20 /* Lane Equalization Control Register */
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/Makefile b/tools/testing/selftests/Makefile
index 2d960626750e..f762540b500e 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/Makefile
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/Makefile
@@ -93,6 +93,7 @@ TARGETS += net/tcp_ao
TARGETS += nolibc
TARGETS += pci_endpoint
TARGETS += pcie_bwctrl
+TARGETS += pcie_lmt
TARGETS += perf_events
TARGETS += pidfd
TARGETS += pid_namespace
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/pcie_lmt/Makefile
b/tools/testing/selftests/pcie_lmt/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..36ac85937d78
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/pcie_lmt/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+TEST_PROGS = pcie_lmt.sh
+include ../lib.mk
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/pcie_lmt/pcie_lmt.sh
b/tools/testing/selftests/pcie_lmt/pcie_lmt.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000000..1ee6b80ba8a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/pcie_lmt/pcie_lmt.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,405 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2026 Google LLC
+# Author: Priyank Rathod <[email protected]>
+#
+# Kselftest for PCIe Lane Margining at Receiver (LMR / LMT)
+# Tests the debugfs interface exposed by drivers/pci/pcie/margin.c
+# (/sys/kernel/debug/pci/pcie_lmr_<pci_dev_name>/)
+
+TESTNAME="pcie_lmt"
+
+# Kselftest framework requirement - SKIP code is 4.
+ksft_skip=4
+retval=0
+skipmsg="skip all tests:"
+
+# Rejection test: must be run as root
+if [ "$UID" -ne 0 ]; then
+ echo "$skipmsg must be run as root" >&2
+ exit $ksft_skip
+fi
+
+SCRIPT_PATH=$(realpath "$0" 2>/dev/null || echo "$0")
+
+# Test non-root user execution rejection via subshell if unprivileged user
exists
+test_non_root_rejection()
+{
+ local non_root_cmd=""
+ local exit_code=0
+
+ if command -v runuser >/dev/null 2>&1 && id nobody >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+ non_root_cmd="runuser -u nobody --"
+ elif command -v su >/dev/null 2>&1 && id nobody >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+ non_root_cmd="su -s /bin/bash nobody -c"
+ fi
+
+ if [ -n "$non_root_cmd" ]; then
+ $non_root_cmd "$SCRIPT_PATH" >/dev/null 2>&1 || exit_code=$?
+ if [ "$exit_code" -eq "$ksft_skip" ]; then
+ echo "$TESTNAME: non-root user execution rejection test
[PASS]"
+ else
+ echo "$TESTNAME: non-root run got $exit_code (exp
$ksft_skip) [FAIL]" >&2
+ retval=1
+ fi
+ else
+ echo "$TESTNAME: skipping non-root subshell test (no
unprivileged user/su)"
+ fi
+}
+
+test_non_root_rejection
+
+DEBUGFS=$(mount -t debugfs | head -1 | awk '{ print $3 }')
+if [ -z "$DEBUGFS" ]; then
+ if [ -d "/sys/kernel/debug" ]; then
+ DEBUGFS="/sys/kernel/debug"
+ else
+ echo "$skipmsg debugfs is not mounted" >&2
+ exit $ksft_skip
+ fi
+fi
+
+LMR_DEVS=$(ls -d $DEBUGFS/pci/pcie_lmr_* $DEBUGFS/pcie_lmr_* 2>/dev/null ||
true)
+if [ -z "$LMR_DEVS" ]; then
+ echo "$skipmsg no PCIe LMR devices found in $DEBUGFS/" >&2
+ exit $ksft_skip
+fi
+
+cleanup_dev()
+{
+ local dev="$1"
+ echo 0 > "$dev/enable" 2>/dev/null || true
+}
+
+assert_write_fail()
+{
+ local file="$1"
+ local val="$2"
+ local desc="$3"
+ local fname
+
+ fname=$(basename "$file")
+ if (echo "$val" > "$file") 2>/dev/null; then
+ echo " FAIL: $desc ('$val' -> $fname succeeded, expected
fail)" >&2
+ retval=1
+ else
+ echo " PASS: $desc rejected correctly"
+ fi
+}
+
+assert_write_success()
+{
+ local file="$1"
+ local val="$2"
+ local desc="$3"
+ local fname
+
+ fname=$(basename "$file")
+ if ! (echo "$val" > "$file") 2>/dev/null; then
+ echo " FAIL: $desc ('$val' -> $fname failed, expected
success)" >&2
+ retval=1
+ else
+ echo " PASS: $desc succeeded correctly"
+ fi
+}
+
+assert_read_fail()
+{
+ local file="$1"
+ local desc="$2"
+
+ if cat "$file" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+ echo " FAIL: $desc (reading $(basename "$file") succeeded,
expected failure)" >&2
+ retval=1
+ else
+ echo " PASS: $desc rejected correctly"
+ fi
+}
+
+assert_read_success()
+{
+ local file="$1"
+ local desc="$2"
+
+ if ! cat "$file" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+ echo " FAIL: $desc (reading $(basename "$file") failed,
expected success)" >&2
+ retval=1
+ else
+ echo " PASS: $desc succeeded correctly"
+ fi
+}
+
+echo "$TESTNAME: testing PCIe LMR debugfs entries"
+
+for dev in $LMR_DEVS; do
+ dev_name=$(basename "$dev")
+ echo "$TESTNAME: probing device $dev_name"
+
+ if [ ! -r "$dev/capabilities" ] || [ ! -r "$dev/port_status" ] ||
+ [ ! -r "$dev/enable" ] || [ ! -w "$dev/enable" ]; then
+ echo "$TESTNAME: $dev_name missing mandatory root attributes"
>&2
+ retval=1
+ continue
+ fi
+
+ assert_read_success "$dev/capabilities" "$dev_name: capabilities read"
+ assert_read_success "$dev/port_status" "$dev_name: port_status read"
+
+ # Negative test: write to read-only root files
+ echo " $dev_name: testing read-only root attributes"
+ assert_write_fail "$dev/capabilities" "0" "write to read-only
capabilities"
+ assert_write_fail "$dev/port_status" "0" "write to read-only
port_status"
+
+ # Negative test: operations while margining is disabled
+ echo " $dev_name: testing operations while disabled"
+ for lane_dir in $(ls -d "$dev"/lane* 2>/dev/null || true); do
+ lane=$(basename "$lane_dir")
+ assert_write_fail "$lane_dir/margin_timing" "1" \
+ "$lane: timing step while disabled"
+ assert_write_fail "$lane_dir/margin_timing" "0" \
+ "$lane: timing clear (0) while disabled"
+ assert_write_fail "$lane_dir/margin_voltage" "1" \
+ "$lane: voltage step while disabled"
+ assert_write_fail "$lane_dir/margin_voltage" "0" \
+ "$lane: voltage clear (0) while disabled"
+ assert_read_fail "$lane_dir/caps" \
+ "$lane: read caps while disabled"
+ assert_read_fail "$lane_dir/num_timing_steps" \
+ "$lane: read timing steps while disabled"
+ assert_read_fail "$lane_dir/num_voltage_steps" \
+ "$lane: read voltage steps while disabled"
+ done
+
+ # Negative test: invalid enable inputs
+ echo " $dev_name: testing invalid enable inputs"
+ assert_write_fail "$dev/enable" "invalid" "enable invalid string"
+ assert_write_fail "$dev/enable" "2" "enable invalid numeric '2'"
+ assert_write_fail "$dev/enable" "-1" "enable negative numeric '-1'"
+ assert_write_fail "$dev/enable" "999" "enable out-of-bounds '999'"
+ assert_write_fail "$dev/enable" "" "enable empty string"
+ assert_write_fail "$dev/enable" "0xZZ" "enable malformed hex"
+ assert_write_fail "$dev/enable" "foo" "enable garbage text"
+
+ trap 'cleanup_dev "$dev"' EXIT INT TERM
+
+ if ! echo 1 > "$dev/enable" 2>/dev/null; then
+ echo " $dev_name: margining not ready by hardware (skipping
active lanes)"
+ trap - EXIT INT TERM
+ continue
+ fi
+
+ echo " $dev_name: margining enabled OK"
+
+ # Negative test: enablement when link partner is already enabled
+ # Per PCIe Base Spec sec 8.4.4: concurrent margining on both ends of the
+ # same link is prohibited and must return -EBUSY.
+ echo " $dev_name: testing partner enablement rejection"
+ pci_bdf="${dev_name#pcie_lmr_}"
+ for other in $LMR_DEVS; do
+ if [ "$other" = "$dev" ]; then
+ continue
+ fi
+ other_name=$(basename "$other")
+ other_bdf="${other_name#pcie_lmr_}"
+ if [ -d "/sys/bus/pci/devices/$pci_bdf" ] && \
+ [ -d "/sys/bus/pci/devices/$other_bdf" ]; then
+ pci_parent=$(basename "$(dirname "$(realpath \
+ "/sys/bus/pci/devices/$pci_bdf" 2>/dev/null ||
true)")" \
+ 2>/dev/null || true)
+ other_parent=$(basename "$(dirname "$(realpath \
+ "/sys/bus/pci/devices/$other_bdf" 2>/dev/null
|| true)")" \
+ 2>/dev/null || true)
+ if [ "$pci_parent" = "$other_bdf" ] || \
+ [ "$other_parent" = "$pci_bdf" ]; then
+ echo " $dev_name: detected link partner
$other_name"
+ assert_write_fail "$other/enable" "1" \
+ "$other_name: concurrent enable while
partner $dev_name is enabled"
+ fi
+ fi
+ done
+
+ # Query Negotiated Link Width (NLW) to verify down-trained lane
rejection
+ nlw=""
+ if [ -f "/sys/bus/pci/devices/$pci_bdf/current_link_width" ]; then
+ nlw=$(cat "/sys/bus/pci/devices/$pci_bdf/current_link_width"
2>/dev/null || true)
+ fi
+
+ for lane_dir in $(ls -d "$dev"/lane* 2>/dev/null | sort -V || true); do
+ lane=$(basename "$lane_dir")
+ lane_idx="${lane#lane}"
+
+ # Negative test: operations on inactive lanes beyond active
link width
+ if [ -n "$nlw" ] && [ "$lane_idx" -ge "$nlw" ] 2>/dev/null; then
+ echo " $dev_name: testing $lane (inactive,
down-trained lane >= NLW $nlw)"
+ assert_write_fail "$lane_dir/margin_timing" "1" \
+ "$lane: timing step on inactive lane"
+ assert_write_fail "$lane_dir/margin_timing" "0" \
+ "$lane: reset timing on inactive lane"
+ assert_write_fail "$lane_dir/margin_voltage" "1" \
+ "$lane: voltage step on inactive lane"
+ assert_write_fail "$lane_dir/margin_voltage" "0" \
+ "$lane: reset voltage on inactive lane"
+ assert_read_fail "$lane_dir/caps" \
+ "$lane: read caps on inactive lane"
+ assert_read_fail "$lane_dir/num_timing_steps" \
+ "$lane: read num_timing_steps on inactive lane"
+ assert_read_fail "$lane_dir/num_voltage_steps" \
+ "$lane: read num_voltage_steps on inactive lane"
+ continue
+ fi
+
+ echo " $dev_name: testing $lane (active)"
+
+ # Negative test: write to read-only lane attributes
+ assert_write_fail "$lane_dir/caps" "0" \
+ "$lane: write to read-only caps"
+ assert_write_fail "$lane_dir/num_timing_steps" "0" \
+ "$lane: write to read-only num_timing_steps"
+ assert_write_fail "$lane_dir/num_voltage_steps" "0" \
+ "$lane: write to read-only num_voltage_steps"
+
+ # Negative test: invalid receiver numbers (valid: 0..6, 7
reserved)
+ assert_write_fail "$lane_dir/receiver" "7" "$lane: receiver 7
(reserved)"
+ assert_write_fail "$lane_dir/receiver" "8" "$lane: receiver 8
(> 6)"
+ assert_write_fail "$lane_dir/receiver" "255" "$lane: receiver
255"
+ assert_write_fail "$lane_dir/receiver" "-1" "$lane: negative
receiver -1"
+ assert_write_fail "$lane_dir/receiver" "-999" "$lane: negative
receiver -999"
+ assert_write_fail "$lane_dir/receiver" "invalid" "$lane:
non-numeric receiver"
+ assert_write_fail "$lane_dir/receiver" "" "$lane: empty string
receiver"
+ assert_write_fail "$lane_dir/receiver" "0xZZ" "$lane: malformed
hex receiver"
+ assert_write_fail "$lane_dir/receiver" "foo" "$lane: garbage
string receiver"
+
+ # Set valid receiver 0 (local receiver)
+ assert_write_success "$lane_dir/receiver" "0" "$lane: set
receiver 0 (local)"
+
+ # Read capabilities and step limits
+ assert_read_success "$lane_dir/caps" "$lane: read caps"
+ assert_read_success "$lane_dir/num_timing_steps" "$lane: read
num_timing_steps"
+ assert_read_success "$lane_dir/num_voltage_steps" "$lane: read
num_voltage_steps"
+
+ caps_raw=$(cat "$lane_dir/caps" 2>/dev/null || true)
+ num_timing=$(cat "$lane_dir/num_timing_steps" 2>/dev/null ||
echo 0)
+ num_voltage=$(cat "$lane_dir/num_voltage_steps" 2>/dev/null ||
echo 0)
+
+ # Negative test: out-of-bounds timing steps (spec limit: 0..63)
+ assert_write_fail "$lane_dir/margin_timing" "9999" \
+ "$lane: timing step 9999 (out of range)"
+ assert_write_fail "$lane_dir/margin_timing" "-9999" \
+ "$lane: timing step -9999 (out of range)"
+ assert_write_fail "$lane_dir/margin_timing" "64" \
+ "$lane: timing step 64 (> spec max 63)"
+ assert_write_fail "$lane_dir/margin_timing" "-64" \
+ "$lane: timing step -64 (< spec min -63)"
+ assert_write_fail "$lane_dir/margin_timing" "invalid" \
+ "$lane: non-numeric timing step"
+ assert_write_fail "$lane_dir/margin_timing" "" \
+ "$lane: empty string timing step"
+ assert_write_fail "$lane_dir/margin_timing" "0xZZ" \
+ "$lane: malformed hex timing step"
+ assert_write_fail "$lane_dir/margin_timing" "foo" \
+ "$lane: garbage string timing step"
+ assert_write_fail "$lane_dir/margin_timing" "+--1" \
+ "$lane: malformed operator timing step"
+
+ if [ -n "$num_timing" ] && [ "$num_timing" -ge 0 ] 2>/dev/null;
then
+ assert_write_fail "$lane_dir/margin_timing"
"$((num_timing + 1))" \
+ "$lane: timing step > receiver limit
($num_timing)"
+ fi
+
+ # Negative test: negative timing on symmetric receiver
+ if echo "$caps_raw" | grep -q "Left/Right: symmetric"; then
+ assert_write_fail "$lane_dir/margin_timing" "-1" \
+ "$lane: negative timing on symmetric receiver
(-1)"
+ assert_write_fail "$lane_dir/margin_timing" "-63" \
+ "$lane: negative timing on symmetric receiver
(-63)"
+ fi
+
+ # Negative test: out-of-bounds voltage steps (spec limit:
0..127)
+ assert_write_fail "$lane_dir/margin_voltage" "9999" \
+ "$lane: voltage step 9999 (out of range)"
+ assert_write_fail "$lane_dir/margin_voltage" "-9999" \
+ "$lane: voltage step -9999 (out of range)"
+ assert_write_fail "$lane_dir/margin_voltage" "128" \
+ "$lane: voltage step 128 (> spec max 127)"
+ assert_write_fail "$lane_dir/margin_voltage" "-128" \
+ "$lane: voltage step -128 (< spec min -127)"
+ assert_write_fail "$lane_dir/margin_voltage" "invalid" \
+ "$lane: non-numeric voltage step"
+ assert_write_fail "$lane_dir/margin_voltage" "" \
+ "$lane: empty string voltage step"
+ assert_write_fail "$lane_dir/margin_voltage" "0xZZ" \
+ "$lane: malformed hex voltage step"
+ assert_write_fail "$lane_dir/margin_voltage" "foo" \
+ "$lane: garbage string voltage step"
+ assert_write_fail "$lane_dir/margin_voltage" "+--1" \
+ "$lane: malformed operator voltage step"
+
+ if echo "$caps_raw" | grep -q "Voltage Supported: No"; then
+ assert_write_fail "$lane_dir/margin_voltage" "1" \
+ "$lane: voltage step on unsupported receiver"
+ else
+ if [ -n "$num_voltage" ] && [ "$num_voltage" -ge 0 ]
2>/dev/null; then
+ assert_write_fail "$lane_dir/margin_voltage" \
+ "$((num_voltage + 1))" \
+ "$lane: voltage step > receiver limit
($num_voltage)"
+ fi
+ if echo "$caps_raw" | grep -q "Up/Down: symmetric"; then
+ assert_write_fail "$lane_dir/margin_voltage"
"-1" \
+ "$lane: negative voltage on symmetric
receiver (-1)"
+ assert_write_fail "$lane_dir/margin_voltage"
"-127" \
+ "$lane: negative voltage on symmetric
receiver (-127)"
+ fi
+ fi
+
+ # Positive test: reset timing and voltage margin to 0 (nominal
settings)
+ assert_write_success "$lane_dir/margin_timing" "0" "$lane:
reset timing to 0"
+ assert_write_success "$lane_dir/margin_voltage" "0" "$lane:
reset voltage to 0"
+ done
+
+ # Negative test: multi-receiver concurrency restriction across
different receivers
+ # Per PCIe Base Spec sec 4.2.18.2 & sec 8.4.4:
+ # Disallow concurrent margining across different receivers when either
receiver
+ # lacks independent error sampling (MIndErrorSampler == 0) or
multi-receiver
+ # capability (MSampleMultipleReceivers == 0).
+ lanes=($(ls -d "$dev"/lane* 2>/dev/null | sort -V || true))
+ if [ "${#lanes[@]}" -ge 2 ]; then
+ lane0="${lanes[0]}"
+ lane1="${lanes[1]}"
+ lane0_name=$(basename "$lane0")
+ lane1_name=$(basename "$lane1")
+
+ lane0_caps=$(cat "$lane0/caps" 2>/dev/null || true)
+ if echo "$lane0_caps" | grep -q "Sample Multiple Receivers: No"
|| \
+ echo "$lane0_caps" | grep -q "Error Sampler: main sampler";
then
+ echo " $dev_name: testing concurrency on $lane0_name
and $lane1_name"
+ if (echo 1 > "$lane0/margin_timing") 2>/dev/null; then
+ # Switch lane 1 to a different receiver (e.g.
Rx 1)
+ echo 1 > "$lane1/receiver" 2>/dev/null || true
+ # Stepping lane 1 on Rx 1 while lane 0 is active
+ # on Rx 0 MUST fail with -EBUSY
+ assert_write_fail "$lane1/margin_timing" "1" \
+ "$lane1_name: timing step on Rx 1 while
$lane0_name active on Rx 0"
+ assert_write_fail "$lane1/margin_voltage" "1" \
+ "$lane1_name: voltage step on Rx 1
while $lane0_name active on Rx 0"
+ # Clearing lane 0 back to nominal
+ echo 0 > "$lane0/margin_timing" 2>/dev/null ||
true
+ # Now that lane 0 is at nominal, lane 1
receiver can be cleaned up
+ echo 0 > "$lane1/receiver" 2>/dev/null || true
+ fi
+ fi
+ fi
+
+ # Cleanly disable margining
+ echo 0 > "$dev/enable"
+ trap - EXIT INT TERM
+ echo " $dev_name: margining disabled OK"
+done
+
+if [ $retval -eq 0 ]; then
+ echo "$TESTNAME [PASS]"
+else
+ echo "$TESTNAME [FAIL]"
+fi
+
+exit $retval
--
2.55.0.1003.g10538fe699-goog
