Add IOMMU_HWPT_DATA_EXTERNAL and an IOMMUFD_OBJ_HWPT_EXTERNAL object for
externally managed attachable domains created under a vIOMMU.

Route vIOMMU child HWPT allocation by data type, add the driver
alloc_domain_external callback, and allow device attach/replace to
consume external HWPTs.

Assisted-by: GPT-5.6 Sol
Signed-off-by: Jacob Pan <[email protected]>
---
 drivers/iommu/iommufd/device.c          |  9 +--
 drivers/iommu/iommufd/hw_pagetable.c    | 88 +++++++++++++++++++++++--
 drivers/iommu/iommufd/iommufd_private.h |  7 ++
 drivers/iommu/iommufd/main.c            |  4 ++
 include/linux/iommufd.h                 | 11 ++++
 include/uapi/linux/iommufd.h            | 17 +++++
 6 files changed, 126 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)

diff --git a/drivers/iommu/iommufd/device.c b/drivers/iommu/iommufd/device.c
index 5c4b06eda546..f99b4730994c 100644
--- a/drivers/iommu/iommufd/device.c
+++ b/drivers/iommu/iommufd/device.c
@@ -1026,6 +1026,7 @@ static int iommufd_device_change_pt(struct iommufd_device 
*idev,
                return PTR_ERR(pt_obj);
 
        switch (pt_obj->type) {
+       case IOMMUFD_OBJ_HWPT_EXTERNAL:
        case IOMMUFD_OBJ_HWPT_NESTED:
        case IOMMUFD_OBJ_HWPT_PAGING: {
                struct iommufd_hw_pagetable *hwpt =
@@ -1066,8 +1067,8 @@ static int iommufd_device_change_pt(struct iommufd_device 
*idev,
  * iommufd_device_attach - Connect a device/pasid to an iommu_domain
  * @idev: device to attach
  * @pasid: pasid to attach
- * @pt_id: Input an IOMMUFD_OBJ_IOAS, or IOMMUFD_OBJ_HWPT_PAGING
- *         Output the IOMMUFD_OBJ_HWPT_PAGING ID
+ * @pt_id: Input an IOMMUFD_OBJ_IOAS, IOMMUFD_OBJ_HWPT_PAGING, or
+ *         IOMMUFD_OBJ_HWPT_EXTERNAL. Output the HWPT ID
  *
  * This connects the device/pasid to an iommu_domain, either automatically
  * or manually selected. Once this completes the device could do DMA with
@@ -1099,8 +1100,8 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_NS_GPL(iommufd_device_attach, "IOMMUFD");
  * iommufd_device_replace - Change the device/pasid's iommu_domain
  * @idev: device to change
  * @pasid: pasid to change
- * @pt_id: Input an IOMMUFD_OBJ_IOAS, or IOMMUFD_OBJ_HWPT_PAGING
- *         Output the IOMMUFD_OBJ_HWPT_PAGING ID
+ * @pt_id: Input an IOMMUFD_OBJ_IOAS, IOMMUFD_OBJ_HWPT_PAGING, or
+ *         IOMMUFD_OBJ_HWPT_EXTERNAL. Output the HWPT ID
  *
  * This is the same as::
  *
diff --git a/drivers/iommu/iommufd/hw_pagetable.c 
b/drivers/iommu/iommufd/hw_pagetable.c
index ef6e119c2a75..324a81d9bae4 100644
--- a/drivers/iommu/iommufd/hw_pagetable.c
+++ b/drivers/iommu/iommufd/hw_pagetable.c
@@ -77,6 +77,20 @@ void iommufd_hwpt_nested_abort(struct iommufd_object *obj)
        iommufd_hwpt_nested_destroy(obj);
 }
 
+void iommufd_hwpt_external_destroy(struct iommufd_object *obj)
+{
+       struct iommufd_hwpt_external *hwpt_external =
+               container_of(obj, struct iommufd_hwpt_external, common.obj);
+
+       __iommufd_hwpt_destroy(&hwpt_external->common);
+       refcount_dec(&hwpt_external->viommu->obj.users);
+}
+
+void iommufd_hwpt_external_abort(struct iommufd_object *obj)
+{
+       iommufd_hwpt_external_destroy(obj);
+}
+
 static int
 iommufd_hwpt_paging_enforce_cc(struct iommufd_hwpt_paging *hwpt_paging)
 {
@@ -306,6 +320,8 @@ iommufd_viommu_alloc_hwpt_nested(struct iommufd_viommu 
*viommu, u32 flags,
                return ERR_PTR(-EOPNOTSUPP);
        if (!user_data->len)
                return ERR_PTR(-EOPNOTSUPP);
+       if (!viommu->hwpt)
+               return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
        if (!viommu->ops || !viommu->ops->alloc_domain_nested)
                return ERR_PTR(-EOPNOTSUPP);
 
@@ -342,6 +358,53 @@ iommufd_viommu_alloc_hwpt_nested(struct iommufd_viommu 
*viommu, u32 flags,
        return ERR_PTR(rc);
 }
 
+static struct iommufd_hwpt_external *
+iommufd_viommu_alloc_hwpt_external(struct iommufd_viommu *viommu, u32 flags,
+                                  const struct iommu_user_data *user_data)
+{
+       struct iommufd_hwpt_external *hwpt_external;
+       struct iommufd_hw_pagetable *hwpt;
+       int rc;
+
+       if (flags)
+               return ERR_PTR(-EOPNOTSUPP);
+       if (!user_data->len)
+               return ERR_PTR(-EOPNOTSUPP);
+       if (!viommu->ops || !viommu->ops->alloc_domain_external)
+               return ERR_PTR(-EOPNOTSUPP);
+
+       hwpt_external = __iommufd_object_alloc(viommu->ictx, hwpt_external,
+                                              IOMMUFD_OBJ_HWPT_EXTERNAL,
+                                              common.obj);
+       if (IS_ERR(hwpt_external))
+               return ERR_CAST(hwpt_external);
+       hwpt = &hwpt_external->common;
+
+       hwpt_external->viommu = viommu;
+       refcount_inc(&viommu->obj.users);
+
+       hwpt->domain = viommu->ops->alloc_domain_external(viommu, flags,
+                                                       user_data);
+       if (IS_ERR(hwpt->domain)) {
+               rc = PTR_ERR(hwpt->domain);
+               hwpt->domain = NULL;
+               goto out_abort;
+       }
+       hwpt->domain->iommufd_hwpt = hwpt;
+       hwpt->domain->owner = viommu->iommu_dev->ops;
+       hwpt->domain->cookie_type = IOMMU_COOKIE_IOMMUFD;
+
+       if (WARN_ON_ONCE(hwpt->domain->type != IOMMU_DOMAIN_EXTERNAL)) {
+               rc = -EOPNOTSUPP;
+               goto out_abort;
+       }
+       return hwpt_external;
+
+out_abort:
+       iommufd_object_abort_and_destroy(viommu->ictx, &hwpt->obj);
+       return ERR_PTR(rc);
+}
+
 int iommufd_hwpt_alloc(struct iommufd_ucmd *ucmd)
 {
        struct iommu_hwpt_alloc *cmd = ucmd->cmd;
@@ -399,6 +462,7 @@ int iommufd_hwpt_alloc(struct iommufd_ucmd *ucmd)
                }
                hwpt = &hwpt_nested->common;
        } else if (pt_obj->type == IOMMUFD_OBJ_VIOMMU) {
+               struct iommufd_hwpt_external *hwpt_external;
                struct iommufd_hwpt_nested *hwpt_nested;
                struct iommu_device *iommu_dev;
                struct iommufd_viommu *viommu;
@@ -409,13 +473,25 @@ int iommufd_hwpt_alloc(struct iommufd_ucmd *ucmd)
                        rc = -EINVAL;
                        goto out_unlock;
                }
-               hwpt_nested = iommufd_viommu_alloc_hwpt_nested(
-                       viommu, cmd->flags, &user_data);
-               if (IS_ERR(hwpt_nested)) {
-                       rc = PTR_ERR(hwpt_nested);
-                       goto out_unlock;
+               if (cmd->data_type == IOMMU_HWPT_DATA_EXTERNAL) {
+                       hwpt_external =
+                               iommufd_viommu_alloc_hwpt_external(viommu,
+                                                                  cmd->flags,
+                                                                  &user_data);
+                       if (IS_ERR(hwpt_external)) {
+                               rc = PTR_ERR(hwpt_external);
+                               goto out_unlock;
+                       }
+                       hwpt = &hwpt_external->common;
+               } else {
+                       hwpt_nested = iommufd_viommu_alloc_hwpt_nested(
+                               viommu, cmd->flags, &user_data);
+                       if (IS_ERR(hwpt_nested)) {
+                               rc = PTR_ERR(hwpt_nested);
+                               goto out_unlock;
+                       }
+                       hwpt = &hwpt_nested->common;
                }
-               hwpt = &hwpt_nested->common;
        } else {
                rc = -EINVAL;
                goto out_put_pt;
diff --git a/drivers/iommu/iommufd/iommufd_private.h 
b/drivers/iommu/iommufd/iommufd_private.h
index eb2e85b27e42..8b7aaaaba194 100644
--- a/drivers/iommu/iommufd/iommufd_private.h
+++ b/drivers/iommu/iommufd/iommufd_private.h
@@ -403,6 +403,11 @@ struct iommufd_hwpt_nested {
        struct iommufd_viommu *viommu;
 };
 
+struct iommufd_hwpt_external {
+       struct iommufd_hw_pagetable common;
+       struct iommufd_viommu *viommu;
+};
+
 static inline bool hwpt_is_paging(struct iommufd_hw_pagetable *hwpt)
 {
        return hwpt->obj.type == IOMMUFD_OBJ_HWPT_PAGING;
@@ -465,6 +470,8 @@ void iommufd_hwpt_paging_destroy(struct iommufd_object 
*obj);
 void iommufd_hwpt_paging_abort(struct iommufd_object *obj);
 void iommufd_hwpt_nested_destroy(struct iommufd_object *obj);
 void iommufd_hwpt_nested_abort(struct iommufd_object *obj);
+void iommufd_hwpt_external_destroy(struct iommufd_object *obj);
+void iommufd_hwpt_external_abort(struct iommufd_object *obj);
 int iommufd_hwpt_alloc(struct iommufd_ucmd *ucmd);
 int iommufd_hwpt_invalidate(struct iommufd_ucmd *ucmd);
 
diff --git a/drivers/iommu/iommufd/main.c b/drivers/iommu/iommufd/main.c
index 9a921b153162..6835bb87916a 100644
--- a/drivers/iommu/iommufd/main.c
+++ b/drivers/iommu/iommufd/main.c
@@ -736,6 +736,10 @@ static const struct iommufd_object_ops 
iommufd_object_ops[] = {
                .destroy = iommufd_hwpt_nested_destroy,
                .abort = iommufd_hwpt_nested_abort,
        },
+       [IOMMUFD_OBJ_HWPT_EXTERNAL] = {
+               .destroy = iommufd_hwpt_external_destroy,
+               .abort = iommufd_hwpt_external_abort,
+       },
        [IOMMUFD_OBJ_IOAS] = {
                .destroy = iommufd_ioas_destroy,
        },
diff --git a/include/linux/iommufd.h b/include/linux/iommufd.h
index 6e7efe83bc5d..ce740a2d1588 100644
--- a/include/linux/iommufd.h
+++ b/include/linux/iommufd.h
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ enum iommufd_object_type {
        IOMMUFD_OBJ_DEVICE,
        IOMMUFD_OBJ_HWPT_PAGING,
        IOMMUFD_OBJ_HWPT_NESTED,
+       IOMMUFD_OBJ_HWPT_EXTERNAL,
        IOMMUFD_OBJ_IOAS,
        IOMMUFD_OBJ_ACCESS,
        IOMMUFD_OBJ_FAULT,
@@ -149,6 +150,12 @@ struct iommufd_hw_queue {
  *                       must be defined in include/uapi/linux/iommufd.h.
  *                       It must fully initialize the new iommu_domain before
  *                       returning. Upon failure, ERR_PTR must be returned.
+ * @alloc_domain_external: Allocate a IOMMU_DOMAIN_EXTERNAL on a vIOMMU that 
holds
+ *                       the VM identity for an external attach domain. 
@user_data must
+ *                       be defined in
+ *                       include/uapi/linux/iommufd.h. It must fully initialize
+ *                       the new iommu_domain before returning. Upon failure,
+ *                       ERR_PTR must be returned.
  * @cache_invalidate: Flush hardware cache used by a vIOMMU. It can be used for
  *                    any IOMMU hardware specific cache: TLB and device cache.
  *                    The @array passes in the cache invalidation requests, in
@@ -186,6 +193,10 @@ struct iommufd_viommu_ops {
        struct iommu_domain *(*alloc_domain_nested)(
                struct iommufd_viommu *viommu, u32 flags,
                const struct iommu_user_data *user_data);
+       struct iommu_domain *
+               (*alloc_domain_external)(struct iommufd_viommu *viommu,
+                                        u32 flags,
+                                        const struct iommu_user_data 
*user_data);
        int (*cache_invalidate)(struct iommufd_viommu *viommu,
                                struct iommu_user_data_array *array);
        const size_t vdevice_size;
diff --git a/include/uapi/linux/iommufd.h b/include/uapi/linux/iommufd.h
index bffa25c5267e..fa6185f04c1c 100644
--- a/include/uapi/linux/iommufd.h
+++ b/include/uapi/linux/iommufd.h
@@ -506,18 +506,31 @@ struct iommu_hwpt_amd_guest {
        __aligned_u64 dte[4];
 };
 
+/**
+ * struct iommu_hwpt_external - external attach domain
+ *                           (IOMMU_HWPT_DATA_EXTERNAL)
+ * @flags: Must be 0
+ * @__reserved: Must be 0
+ */
+struct iommu_hwpt_external {
+       __u32 flags;
+       __u32 __reserved;
+};
+
 /**
  * enum iommu_hwpt_data_type - IOMMU HWPT Data Type
  * @IOMMU_HWPT_DATA_NONE: no data
  * @IOMMU_HWPT_DATA_VTD_S1: Intel VT-d stage-1 page table
  * @IOMMU_HWPT_DATA_ARM_SMMUV3: ARM SMMUv3 Context Descriptor Table
  * @IOMMU_HWPT_DATA_AMD_GUEST: AMD IOMMU guest page table
+ * @IOMMU_HWPT_DATA_EXTERNAL: external attach domain
  */
 enum iommu_hwpt_data_type {
        IOMMU_HWPT_DATA_NONE = 0,
        IOMMU_HWPT_DATA_VTD_S1 = 1,
        IOMMU_HWPT_DATA_ARM_SMMUV3 = 2,
        IOMMU_HWPT_DATA_AMD_GUEST = 3,
+       IOMMU_HWPT_DATA_EXTERNAL = 4,
 };
 
 /**
@@ -552,6 +565,10 @@ enum iommu_hwpt_data_type {
  * via @dev_id and the vIOMMU via @pt_id must be associated to the same IOMMU
  * instance.
  *
+ * An external attach HWPT can be created from a given vIOMMU via @pt_id. In 
this
+ * case, @data_type selects the external attach domain type, such as
+ * IOMMU_HWPT_DATA_EXTERNAL, and the created HWPT is not IOAS-backed.
+ *
  * If the @data_type is set to IOMMU_HWPT_DATA_NONE, @data_len and
  * @data_uptr should be zero. Otherwise, both @data_len and @data_uptr
  * must be given.
-- 
2.43.0


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