On 02/10/14 18:49, Dmitry Kasatkin wrote:
> Hi David,
>
> I just took latest #next branch from James's security tree which
> includes latest KEYs patches and noticed following:
>
> [    9.812332] Request for unknown module key 'Magrathea: Glacier
> signing key: 926305d6dda66f47139eb4e3cb25a6adef527f08' err -11
>
> Also I noticed that output of 'keyctl show' and 'cat /proc/keys' output
> also has changed in respect of certificate ids..
>
> Those ids does not look any close to my kernel X509 X509v3 Subject Key
> Identifier, which is:
> 92:63:05:D6:DD:A6:6F:47:13:9E:B4:E3:CB:25:A6:AD:EF:52:7F:08
>
> proc/keys shows
>
> symmetri Magrathea: Glacier signing key: d9e2e4c6951f1e83: X509.RSA
> 6865612e68326732 []
>
> Very different ids..
>
> How could I match certificate now?
> Module verification code cannot find needed key..
>
> - Dmitry


Hehe. Also now I get kernel Oops in asymmetric_key_id_same...

-------------------------
[  132.816522] BUG: unable to handle kernel paging request at
ffffffffffffffea
[  132.819902] IP: [<ffffffff812bfc20>] asymmetric_key_id_same+0x14/0x36
[  132.820302] PGD 1a12067 PUD 1a14067 PMD 0
[  132.820302] Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP
[  132.820302] Modules linked in: bridge(E) stp(E) llc(E) evdev(E)
serio_raw(E) i2c_piix4(E) button(E) fuse(E)
[  132.820302] CPU: 0 PID: 2993 Comm: cat Tainted: G            E
3.16.0-kds+ #2847
[  132.820302] Hardware name: Bochs Bochs, BIOS Bochs 01/01/2011
[  132.820302] task: ffff88004249a430 ti: ffff880056640000 task.ti:
ffff880056640000
[  132.820302] RIP: 0010:[<ffffffff812bfc20>]  [<ffffffff812bfc20>]
asymmetric_key_id_same+0x14/0x36
[  132.820302] RSP: 0018:ffff880056643930  EFLAGS: 00010246
[  132.820302] RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: ffffffffffffffea RCX:
ffff880056643ae0
[  132.820302] RDX: 000000000000005e RSI: ffffffffffffffea RDI:
ffff88005bac9300
[  132.820302] RBP: ffff880056643948 R08: 0000000000000003 R09:
00000007504aa01a
[  132.820302] R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000000 R12:
ffff88005d68ca40
[  132.820302] R13: 0000000000000101 R14: 0000000000000000 R15:
ffff88005bac5280
[  132.820302] FS:  00007f67a153c740(0000) GS:ffff88005da00000(0000)
knlGS:0000000000000000
[  132.820302] CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 000000008005003b
[  132.820302] CR2: ffffffffffffffea CR3: 000000002e663000 CR4:
00000000000006f0
[  132.820302] Stack:
[  132.820302]  ffffffff812bfc66 ffff880056643ae0 ffff88005bac5280
ffff880056643958
[  132.820302]  ffffffff812bfc9d ffff880056643980 ffffffff812971d9
ffff88005ce930c1
[  132.820302]  ffff88005ce930c0 0000000000000000 ffff8800566439c8
ffffffff812fb753
[  132.820302] Call Trace:
[  132.820302]  [<ffffffff812bfc66>] ? asymmetric_match_key_ids+0x24/0x42
[  132.820302]  [<ffffffff812bfc9d>] asymmetric_key_cmp+0x19/0x1b
[  132.820302]  [<ffffffff812971d9>] keyring_search_iterator+0x74/0xd7
[  132.820302]  [<ffffffff812fb753>] assoc_array_subtree_iterate+0x67/0xd2
[  132.820302]  [<ffffffff81297165>] ? key_default_cmp+0x20/0x20
[  132.820302]  [<ffffffff812fbaa1>] assoc_array_iterate+0x19/0x1e
[  132.820302]  [<ffffffff81297332>] search_nested_keyrings+0xf6/0x2b6
[  132.820302]  [<ffffffff810728da>] ? sched_clock_cpu+0x91/0xa2
[  132.820302]  [<ffffffff810860d2>] ? mark_held_locks+0x58/0x6e
[  132.820302]  [<ffffffff810a137d>] ? current_kernel_time+0x77/0xb8
[  132.820302]  [<ffffffff81297871>] keyring_search_aux+0xe1/0x14c
[  132.820302]  [<ffffffff812977fc>] ? keyring_search_aux+0x6c/0x14c
[  132.820302]  [<ffffffff8129796b>] keyring_search+0x8f/0xb6
[  132.820302]  [<ffffffff812bfc84>] ? asymmetric_match_key_ids+0x42/0x42
[  132.820302]  [<ffffffff81297165>] ? key_default_cmp+0x20/0x20
[  132.820302]  [<ffffffff812ab9e3>] asymmetric_verify+0xa4/0x214
[  132.820302]  [<ffffffff812ab90e>] integrity_digsig_verify+0xb1/0xe2
[  132.820302]  [<ffffffff812abe41>] ? evm_verifyxattr+0x6a/0x7a
[  132.820302]  [<ffffffff812b0390>] ima_appraise_measurement+0x160/0x370
[  132.820302]  [<ffffffff81161db2>] ? d_absolute_path+0x5b/0x7a
[  132.820302]  [<ffffffff812ada30>] process_measurement+0x322/0x404


> On 08/09/14 18:38, David Howells wrote:
>> Make use of the new match string preparsing to overhaul key identification
>> when searching for asymmetric keys.  The following changes are made:
>>
>>  (1) Use the previously created asymmetric_key_id struct to hold the 
>> following
>>      key IDs derived from the X.509 certificate or PKCS#7 message:
>>
>>      id: serial number + issuer
>>      skid: subjKeyId + subject
>>      authority: authKeyId + issuer
>>
>>  (2) Replace the hex fingerprint attached to key->type_data[1] with an
>>      asymmetric_key_ids struct containing the id and the skid (if present).
>>
>>  (3) Make the asymmetric_type match data preparse select one of two searches:
>>
>>      (a) An iterative search for the key ID given if prefixed with "id:".  
>> The
>>               prefix is expected to be followed by a hex string giving the 
>> ID to
>>               search for.  The criterion key ID is checked against all key 
>> IDs
>>               recorded on the key.
>>
>>      (b) A direct search if the key ID is not prefixed with "id:".  This will
>>               look for an exact match on the key description.
>>
>>  (4) Make x509_request_asymmetric_key() take a key ID.  This is then 
>> converted
>>      into "id:<hex>" and passed into keyring_search() where match preparsing
>>      will turn it back into a binary ID.
>>
>>  (5) X.509 certificate verification then takes the authority key ID and looks
>>      up a key that matches it to find the public key for the certificate
>>      signature.
>>
>>  (6) PKCS#7 certificate verification then takes the id key ID and looks up a
>>      key that matches it to find the public key for the signed information
>>      block signature.
>>
>> Additional changes:
>>
>>  (1) Multiple subjKeyId and authKeyId values on an X.509 certificate cause 
>> the
>>      cert to be rejected with -EBADMSG.
>>
>>  (2) The 'fingerprint' ID is gone.  This was primarily intended to convey PGP
>>      public key fingerprints.  If PGP is supported in future, this should
>>      generate a key ID that carries the fingerprint.
>>
>>  (3) Th ca_keyid= kernel command line option is now converted to a key ID and
>>      used to match the authority key ID.  Possibly this should only match the
>>      actual authKeyId part and not the issuer as well.
>>
>> Signed-off-by: David Howells <[email protected]>
>> ---
>>
>>  crypto/asymmetric_keys/asymmetric_keys.h  |    4 -
>>  crypto/asymmetric_keys/asymmetric_type.c  |  133 
>> ++++++++++++-----------------
>>  crypto/asymmetric_keys/pkcs7_parser.c     |   38 ++++++--
>>  crypto/asymmetric_keys/pkcs7_parser.h     |    5 -
>>  crypto/asymmetric_keys/pkcs7_trust.c      |    6 -
>>  crypto/asymmetric_keys/pkcs7_verify.c     |   44 ++++------
>>  crypto/asymmetric_keys/x509_cert_parser.c |   55 +++++++-----
>>  crypto/asymmetric_keys/x509_parser.h      |    5 +
>>  crypto/asymmetric_keys/x509_public_key.c  |   89 +++++++++++--------
>>  include/crypto/public_key.h               |    5 +
>>  10 files changed, 198 insertions(+), 186 deletions(-)
>>
>> diff --git a/crypto/asymmetric_keys/asymmetric_keys.h 
>> b/crypto/asymmetric_keys/asymmetric_keys.h
>> index 917be6b985e7..fd21ac28e0a0 100644
>> --- a/crypto/asymmetric_keys/asymmetric_keys.h
>> +++ b/crypto/asymmetric_keys/asymmetric_keys.h
>> @@ -9,13 +9,13 @@
>>   * 2 of the Licence, or (at your option) any later version.
>>   */
>>  
>> -int asymmetric_keyid_match(const char *kid, const char *id);
>>  extern bool asymmetric_match_key_ids(const struct asymmetric_key_ids *kids,
>>                                   const struct asymmetric_key_id *match_id);
>>  
>>  extern struct asymmetric_key_id *asymmetric_key_hex_to_key_id(const char 
>> *id);
>>  
>> -static inline const char *asymmetric_key_id(const struct key *key)
>> +static inline
>> +const struct asymmetric_key_ids *asymmetric_key_ids(const struct key *key)
>>  {
>>      return key->type_data.p[1];
>>  }
>> diff --git a/crypto/asymmetric_keys/asymmetric_type.c 
>> b/crypto/asymmetric_keys/asymmetric_type.c
>> index 3bc71b4e1eed..6f16f647d21b 100644
>> --- a/crypto/asymmetric_keys/asymmetric_type.c
>> +++ b/crypto/asymmetric_keys/asymmetric_type.c
>> @@ -105,76 +105,15 @@ struct asymmetric_key_id 
>> *asymmetric_key_hex_to_key_id(const char *id)
>>  }
>>  
>>  /*
>> - * Match asymmetric key id with partial match
>> - * @id:             key id to match in a form "id:<id>"
>> - */
>> -int asymmetric_keyid_match(const char *kid, const char *id)
>> -{
>> -    size_t idlen, kidlen;
>> -
>> -    if (!kid || !id)
>> -            return 0;
>> -
>> -    /* make it possible to use id as in the request: "id:<id>" */
>> -    if (strncmp(id, "id:", 3) == 0)
>> -            id += 3;
>> -
>> -    /* Anything after here requires a partial match on the ID string */
>> -    idlen = strlen(id);
>> -    kidlen = strlen(kid);
>> -    if (idlen > kidlen)
>> -            return 0;
>> -
>> -    kid += kidlen - idlen;
>> -    if (strcasecmp(id, kid) != 0)
>> -            return 0;
>> -
>> -    return 1;
>> -}
>> -EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(asymmetric_keyid_match);
>> -
>> -/*
>> - * Match asymmetric keys on (part of) their name
>> - * We have some shorthand methods for matching keys.  We allow:
>> - *
>> - *  "<desc>"        - request a key by description
>> - *  "id:<id>"       - request a key matching the ID
>> - *  "<subtype>:<id>" - request a key of a subtype
>> + * Match asymmetric keys by ID.
>>   */
>>  static bool asymmetric_key_cmp(const struct key *key,
>>                             const struct key_match_data *match_data)
>>  {
>> -    const struct asymmetric_key_subtype *subtype = 
>> asymmetric_key_subtype(key);
>> -    const char *description = match_data->raw_data;
>> -    const char *spec = description;
>> -    const char *id;
>> -    ptrdiff_t speclen;
>> -
>> -    if (!subtype || !spec || !*spec)
>> -            return 0;
>> -
>> -    /* See if the full key description matches as is */
>> -    if (key->description && strcmp(key->description, description) == 0)
>> -            return 1;
>> -
>> -    /* All tests from here on break the criterion description into a
>> -     * specifier, a colon and then an identifier.
>> -     */
>> -    id = strchr(spec, ':');
>> -    if (!id)
>> -            return 0;
>> -
>> -    speclen = id - spec;
>> -    id++;
>> -
>> -    if (speclen == 2 && memcmp(spec, "id", 2) == 0)
>> -            return asymmetric_keyid_match(asymmetric_key_id(key), id);
>> +    const struct asymmetric_key_ids *kids = asymmetric_key_ids(key);
>> +    const struct asymmetric_key_id *match_id = match_data->preparsed;
>>  
>> -    if (speclen == subtype->name_len &&
>> -        memcmp(spec, subtype->name, speclen) == 0)
>> -            return 1;
>> -
>> -    return 0;
>> +    return asymmetric_match_key_ids(kids, match_id);
>>  }
>>  
>>  /*
>> @@ -191,8 +130,30 @@ static bool asymmetric_key_cmp(const struct key *key,
>>   */
>>  static int asymmetric_key_match_preparse(struct key_match_data *match_data)
>>  {
>> -    match_data->lookup_type = KEYRING_SEARCH_LOOKUP_ITERATE;
>> +    struct asymmetric_key_id *match_id;
>> +    const char *spec = match_data->raw_data;
>> +    const char *id;
>> +
>> +    if (!spec || !*spec)
>> +            return -EINVAL;
>> +    if (spec[0] == 'i' &&
>> +        spec[1] == 'd' &&
>> +        spec[2] == ':') {
>> +            id = spec + 3;
>> +    } else {
>> +            goto default_match;
>> +    }
>> +
>> +    match_id = asymmetric_key_hex_to_key_id(id);
>> +    if (!match_id)
>> +            return -ENOMEM;
>> +
>> +    match_data->preparsed = match_id;
>>      match_data->cmp = asymmetric_key_cmp;
>> +    match_data->lookup_type = KEYRING_SEARCH_LOOKUP_ITERATE;
>> +    return 0;
>> +
>> +default_match:
>>      return 0;
>>  }
>>  
>> @@ -201,6 +162,7 @@ static int asymmetric_key_match_preparse(struct 
>> key_match_data *match_data)
>>   */
>>  static void asymmetric_key_match_free(struct key_match_data *match_data)
>>  {
>> +    kfree(match_data->preparsed);
>>  }
>>  
>>  /*
>> @@ -209,8 +171,10 @@ static void asymmetric_key_match_free(struct 
>> key_match_data *match_data)
>>  static void asymmetric_key_describe(const struct key *key, struct seq_file 
>> *m)
>>  {
>>      const struct asymmetric_key_subtype *subtype = 
>> asymmetric_key_subtype(key);
>> -    const char *kid = asymmetric_key_id(key);
>> -    size_t n;
>> +    const struct asymmetric_key_ids *kids = asymmetric_key_ids(key);
>> +    const struct asymmetric_key_id *kid;
>> +    const unsigned char *p;
>> +    int n;
>>  
>>      seq_puts(m, key->description);
>>  
>> @@ -218,13 +182,16 @@ static void asymmetric_key_describe(const struct key 
>> *key, struct seq_file *m)
>>              seq_puts(m, ": ");
>>              subtype->describe(key, m);
>>  
>> -            if (kid) {
>> +            if (kids && kids->id[0]) {
>> +                    kid = kids->id[0];
>>                      seq_putc(m, ' ');
>> -                    n = strlen(kid);
>> -                    if (n <= 8)
>> -                            seq_puts(m, kid);
>> -                    else
>> -                            seq_puts(m, kid + n - 8);
>> +                    n = kid->len;
>> +                    p = kid->data;
>> +                    if (n > 8) {
>> +                            p += n - 8;
>> +                            n = 8;
>> +                    }
>> +                    seq_printf(m, "%*phN", n, p);
>>              }
>>  
>>              seq_puts(m, " [");
>> @@ -275,6 +242,7 @@ static int asymmetric_key_preparse(struct 
>> key_preparsed_payload *prep)
>>  static void asymmetric_key_free_preparse(struct key_preparsed_payload *prep)
>>  {
>>      struct asymmetric_key_subtype *subtype = prep->type_data[0];
>> +    struct asymmetric_key_ids *kids = prep->type_data[1];
>>  
>>      pr_devel("==>%s()\n", __func__);
>>  
>> @@ -282,7 +250,11 @@ static void asymmetric_key_free_preparse(struct 
>> key_preparsed_payload *prep)
>>              subtype->destroy(prep->payload[0]);
>>              module_put(subtype->owner);
>>      }
>> -    kfree(prep->type_data[1]);
>> +    if (kids) {
>> +            kfree(kids->id[0]);
>> +            kfree(kids->id[1]);
>> +            kfree(kids);
>> +    }
>>      kfree(prep->description);
>>  }
>>  
>> @@ -292,13 +264,20 @@ static void asymmetric_key_free_preparse(struct 
>> key_preparsed_payload *prep)
>>  static void asymmetric_key_destroy(struct key *key)
>>  {
>>      struct asymmetric_key_subtype *subtype = asymmetric_key_subtype(key);
>> +    struct asymmetric_key_ids *kids = key->type_data.p[1];
>> +
>>      if (subtype) {
>>              subtype->destroy(key->payload.data);
>>              module_put(subtype->owner);
>>              key->type_data.p[0] = NULL;
>>      }
>> -    kfree(key->type_data.p[1]);
>> -    key->type_data.p[1] = NULL;
>> +
>> +    if (kids) {
>> +            kfree(kids->id[0]);
>> +            kfree(kids->id[1]);
>> +            kfree(kids);
>> +            key->type_data.p[1] = NULL;
>> +    }
>>  }
>>  
>>  struct key_type key_type_asymmetric = {
>> diff --git a/crypto/asymmetric_keys/pkcs7_parser.c 
>> b/crypto/asymmetric_keys/pkcs7_parser.c
>> index 459d2077c61b..ad6ae9d7c884 100644
>> --- a/crypto/asymmetric_keys/pkcs7_parser.c
>> +++ b/crypto/asymmetric_keys/pkcs7_parser.c
>> @@ -29,6 +29,10 @@ struct pkcs7_parse_context {
>>      enum OID        last_oid;               /* Last OID encountered */
>>      unsigned        x509_index;
>>      unsigned        sinfo_index;
>> +    const void      *raw_serial;
>> +    unsigned        raw_serial_size;
>> +    unsigned        raw_issuer_size;
>> +    const void      *raw_issuer;
>>  };
>>  
>>  /*
>> @@ -39,6 +43,7 @@ static void pkcs7_free_signed_info(struct 
>> pkcs7_signed_info *sinfo)
>>      if (sinfo) {
>>              mpi_free(sinfo->sig.mpi[0]);
>>              kfree(sinfo->sig.digest);
>> +            kfree(sinfo->signing_cert_id);
>>              kfree(sinfo);
>>      }
>>  }
>> @@ -256,10 +261,10 @@ int pkcs7_extract_cert(void *context, size_t hdrlen,
>>      if (IS_ERR(x509))
>>              return PTR_ERR(x509);
>>  
>> -    pr_debug("Got cert for %s\n", x509->subject);
>> -    pr_debug("- fingerprint %s\n", x509->fingerprint);
>> -
>>      x509->index = ++ctx->x509_index;
>> +    pr_debug("Got cert %u for %s\n", x509->index, x509->subject);
>> +    pr_debug("- fingerprint %*phN\n", x509->id->len, x509->id->data);
>> +
>>      *ctx->ppcerts = x509;
>>      ctx->ppcerts = &x509->next;
>>      return 0;
>> @@ -348,8 +353,8 @@ int pkcs7_sig_note_serial(void *context, size_t hdrlen,
>>                        const void *value, size_t vlen)
>>  {
>>      struct pkcs7_parse_context *ctx = context;
>> -    ctx->sinfo->raw_serial = value;
>> -    ctx->sinfo->raw_serial_size = vlen;
>> +    ctx->raw_serial = value;
>> +    ctx->raw_serial_size = vlen;
>>      return 0;
>>  }
>>  
>> @@ -361,8 +366,8 @@ int pkcs7_sig_note_issuer(void *context, size_t hdrlen,
>>                        const void *value, size_t vlen)
>>  {
>>      struct pkcs7_parse_context *ctx = context;
>> -    ctx->sinfo->raw_issuer = value;
>> -    ctx->sinfo->raw_issuer_size = vlen;
>> +    ctx->raw_issuer = value;
>> +    ctx->raw_issuer_size = vlen;
>>      return 0;
>>  }
>>  
>> @@ -395,10 +400,21 @@ int pkcs7_note_signed_info(void *context, size_t 
>> hdrlen,
>>                         const void *value, size_t vlen)
>>  {
>>      struct pkcs7_parse_context *ctx = context;
>> -
>> -    ctx->sinfo->index = ++ctx->sinfo_index;
>> -    *ctx->ppsinfo = ctx->sinfo;
>> -    ctx->ppsinfo = &ctx->sinfo->next;
>> +    struct pkcs7_signed_info *sinfo = ctx->sinfo;
>> +    struct asymmetric_key_id *kid;
>> +
>> +    /* Generate cert issuer + serial number key ID */
>> +    kid = asymmetric_key_generate_id(ctx->raw_serial,
>> +                                     ctx->raw_serial_size,
>> +                                     ctx->raw_issuer,
>> +                                     ctx->raw_issuer_size);
>> +    if (IS_ERR(kid))
>> +            return PTR_ERR(kid);
>> +
>> +    sinfo->signing_cert_id = kid;
>> +    sinfo->index = ++ctx->sinfo_index;
>> +    *ctx->ppsinfo = sinfo;
>> +    ctx->ppsinfo = &sinfo->next;
>>      ctx->sinfo = kzalloc(sizeof(struct pkcs7_signed_info), GFP_KERNEL);
>>      if (!ctx->sinfo)
>>              return -ENOMEM;
>> diff --git a/crypto/asymmetric_keys/pkcs7_parser.h 
>> b/crypto/asymmetric_keys/pkcs7_parser.h
>> index d25f4d15370f..91949f92bc72 100644
>> --- a/crypto/asymmetric_keys/pkcs7_parser.h
>> +++ b/crypto/asymmetric_keys/pkcs7_parser.h
>> @@ -33,10 +33,7 @@ struct pkcs7_signed_info {
>>      const void      *authattrs;
>>  
>>      /* Issuing cert serial number and issuer's name */
>> -    const void      *raw_serial;
>> -    unsigned        raw_serial_size;
>> -    unsigned        raw_issuer_size;
>> -    const void      *raw_issuer;
>> +    struct asymmetric_key_id *signing_cert_id;
>>  
>>      /* Message signature.
>>       *
>> diff --git a/crypto/asymmetric_keys/pkcs7_trust.c 
>> b/crypto/asymmetric_keys/pkcs7_trust.c
>> index e666eb011a85..4e8dd7214753 100644
>> --- a/crypto/asymmetric_keys/pkcs7_trust.c
>> +++ b/crypto/asymmetric_keys/pkcs7_trust.c
>> @@ -49,8 +49,7 @@ int pkcs7_validate_trust_one(struct pkcs7_message *pkcs7,
>>              /* Look to see if this certificate is present in the trusted
>>               * keys.
>>               */
>> -            key = x509_request_asymmetric_key(trust_keyring, x509->subject,
>> -                                              x509->fingerprint);
>> +            key = x509_request_asymmetric_key(trust_keyring, x509->id);
>>              if (!IS_ERR(key))
>>                      /* One of the X.509 certificates in the PKCS#7 message
>>                       * is apparently the same as one we already trust.
>> @@ -82,8 +81,7 @@ int pkcs7_validate_trust_one(struct pkcs7_message *pkcs7,
>>              return -ENOKEY;
>>      }
>>  
>> -    key = x509_request_asymmetric_key(trust_keyring, last->issuer,
>> -                                      last->authority);
>> +    key = x509_request_asymmetric_key(trust_keyring, last->authority);
>>      if (IS_ERR(key))
>>              return PTR_ERR(key) == -ENOMEM ? -ENOMEM : -ENOKEY;
>>      x509 = last;
>> diff --git a/crypto/asymmetric_keys/pkcs7_verify.c 
>> b/crypto/asymmetric_keys/pkcs7_verify.c
>> index c62cf8006e1f..57e90fa17f2b 100644
>> --- a/crypto/asymmetric_keys/pkcs7_verify.c
>> +++ b/crypto/asymmetric_keys/pkcs7_verify.c
>> @@ -131,8 +131,7 @@ static int pkcs7_find_key(struct pkcs7_message *pkcs7,
>>      struct x509_certificate *x509;
>>      unsigned certix = 1;
>>  
>> -    kenter("%u,%u,%u",
>> -           sinfo->index, sinfo->raw_serial_size, sinfo->raw_issuer_size);
>> +    kenter("%u", sinfo->index);
>>  
>>      for (x509 = pkcs7->certs; x509; x509 = x509->next, certix++) {
>>              /* I'm _assuming_ that the generator of the PKCS#7 message will
>> @@ -140,21 +139,11 @@ static int pkcs7_find_key(struct pkcs7_message *pkcs7,
>>               * PKCS#7 message - but I can't be 100% sure of that.  It's
>>               * possible this will need element-by-element comparison.
>>               */
>> -            if (x509->raw_serial_size != sinfo->raw_serial_size ||
>> -                memcmp(x509->raw_serial, sinfo->raw_serial,
>> -                       sinfo->raw_serial_size) != 0)
>> +            if (!asymmetric_key_id_same(x509->id, sinfo->signing_cert_id))
>>                      continue;
>>              pr_devel("Sig %u: Found cert serial match X.509[%u]\n",
>>                       sinfo->index, certix);
>>  
>> -            if (x509->raw_issuer_size != sinfo->raw_issuer_size ||
>> -                memcmp(x509->raw_issuer, sinfo->raw_issuer,
>> -                       sinfo->raw_issuer_size) != 0) {
>> -                    pr_warn("Sig %u: X.509 subject and PKCS#7 issuer don't 
>> match\n",
>> -                            sinfo->index);
>> -                    continue;
>> -            }
>> -
>>              if (x509->pub->pkey_algo != sinfo->sig.pkey_algo) {
>>                      pr_warn("Sig %u: X.509 algo and PKCS#7 sig algo don't 
>> match\n",
>>                              sinfo->index);
>> @@ -164,8 +153,10 @@ static int pkcs7_find_key(struct pkcs7_message *pkcs7,
>>              sinfo->signer = x509;
>>              return 0;
>>      }
>> +
>>      pr_warn("Sig %u: Issuing X.509 cert not found (#%*ph)\n",
>> -            sinfo->index, sinfo->raw_serial_size, sinfo->raw_serial);
>> +            sinfo->index,
>> +            sinfo->signing_cert_id->len, sinfo->signing_cert_id->data);
>>      return -ENOKEY;
>>  }
>>  
>> @@ -184,7 +175,9 @@ static int pkcs7_verify_sig_chain(struct pkcs7_message 
>> *pkcs7,
>>              p->seen = false;
>>  
>>      for (;;) {
>> -            pr_debug("verify %s: %s\n", x509->subject, x509->fingerprint);
>> +            pr_debug("verify %s: %*phN\n",
>> +                     x509->subject,
>> +                     x509->raw_serial_size, x509->raw_serial);
>>              x509->seen = true;
>>              ret = x509_get_sig_params(x509);
>>              if (ret < 0)
>> @@ -192,7 +185,8 @@ static int pkcs7_verify_sig_chain(struct pkcs7_message 
>> *pkcs7,
>>  
>>              pr_debug("- issuer %s\n", x509->issuer);
>>              if (x509->authority)
>> -                    pr_debug("- authkeyid %s\n", x509->authority);
>> +                    pr_debug("- authkeyid %*phN\n",
>> +                             x509->authority->len, x509->authority->data);
>>  
>>              if (!x509->authority ||
>>                  strcmp(x509->subject, x509->issuer) == 0) {
>> @@ -218,13 +212,14 @@ static int pkcs7_verify_sig_chain(struct pkcs7_message 
>> *pkcs7,
>>              /* Look through the X.509 certificates in the PKCS#7 message's
>>               * list to see if the next one is there.
>>               */
>> -            pr_debug("- want %s\n", x509->authority);
>> +            pr_debug("- want %*phN\n",
>> +                     x509->authority->len, x509->authority->data);
>>              for (p = pkcs7->certs; p; p = p->next) {
>> -                    pr_debug("- cmp [%u] %s\n", p->index, p->fingerprint);
>> -                    if (p->raw_subject_size == x509->raw_issuer_size &&
>> -                        strcmp(p->fingerprint, x509->authority) == 0 &&
>> -                        memcmp(p->raw_subject, x509->raw_issuer,
>> -                               x509->raw_issuer_size) == 0)
>> +                    if (!p->skid)
>> +                            continue;
>> +                    pr_debug("- cmp [%u] %*phN\n",
>> +                             p->index, p->skid->len, p->skid->data);
>> +                    if (asymmetric_key_id_same(p->skid, x509->authority))
>>                              goto found_issuer;
>>              }
>>  
>> @@ -233,7 +228,7 @@ static int pkcs7_verify_sig_chain(struct pkcs7_message 
>> *pkcs7,
>>              return 0;
>>  
>>      found_issuer:
>> -            pr_debug("- issuer %s\n", p->subject);
>> +            pr_debug("- subject %s\n", p->subject);
>>              if (p->seen) {
>>                      pr_warn("Sig %u: X.509 chain contains loop\n",
>>                              sinfo->index);
>> @@ -304,7 +299,8 @@ int pkcs7_verify(struct pkcs7_message *pkcs7)
>>              ret = x509_get_sig_params(x509);
>>              if (ret < 0)
>>                      return ret;
>> -            pr_debug("X.509[%u] %s\n", n, x509->authority);
>> +            pr_debug("X.509[%u] %*phN\n",
>> +                     n, x509->authority->len, x509->authority->data);
>>      }
>>  
>>      for (sinfo = pkcs7->signed_infos; sinfo; sinfo = sinfo->next) {
>> diff --git a/crypto/asymmetric_keys/x509_cert_parser.c 
>> b/crypto/asymmetric_keys/x509_cert_parser.c
>> index ac72348c186a..96151b2b91a2 100644
>> --- a/crypto/asymmetric_keys/x509_cert_parser.c
>> +++ b/crypto/asymmetric_keys/x509_cert_parser.c
>> @@ -46,7 +46,8 @@ void x509_free_certificate(struct x509_certificate *cert)
>>              public_key_destroy(cert->pub);
>>              kfree(cert->issuer);
>>              kfree(cert->subject);
>> -            kfree(cert->fingerprint);
>> +            kfree(cert->id);
>> +            kfree(cert->skid);
>>              kfree(cert->authority);
>>              kfree(cert->sig.digest);
>>              mpi_free(cert->sig.rsa.s);
>> @@ -62,6 +63,7 @@ struct x509_certificate *x509_cert_parse(const void *data, 
>> size_t datalen)
>>  {
>>      struct x509_certificate *cert;
>>      struct x509_parse_context *ctx;
>> +    struct asymmetric_key_id *kid;
>>      long ret;
>>  
>>      ret = -ENOMEM;
>> @@ -89,6 +91,17 @@ struct x509_certificate *x509_cert_parse(const void 
>> *data, size_t datalen)
>>      if (ret < 0)
>>              goto error_decode;
>>  
>> +    /* Generate cert issuer + serial number key ID */
>> +    kid = asymmetric_key_generate_id(cert->raw_serial,
>> +                                     cert->raw_serial_size,
>> +                                     cert->raw_issuer,
>> +                                     cert->raw_issuer_size);
>> +    if (IS_ERR(kid)) {
>> +            ret = PTR_ERR(kid);
>> +            goto error_decode;
>> +    }
>> +    cert->id = kid;
>> +
>>      kfree(ctx);
>>      return cert;
>>  
>> @@ -407,36 +420,34 @@ int x509_process_extension(void *context, size_t 
>> hdrlen,
>>                         const void *value, size_t vlen)
>>  {
>>      struct x509_parse_context *ctx = context;
>> +    struct asymmetric_key_id *kid;
>>      const unsigned char *v = value;
>> -    char *f;
>>      int i;
>>  
>>      pr_debug("Extension: %u\n", ctx->last_oid);
>>  
>>      if (ctx->last_oid == OID_subjectKeyIdentifier) {
>>              /* Get hold of the key fingerprint */
>> -            if (vlen < 3)
>> +            if (ctx->cert->skid || vlen < 3)
>>                      return -EBADMSG;
>>              if (v[0] != ASN1_OTS || v[1] != vlen - 2)
>>                      return -EBADMSG;
>>              v += 2;
>>              vlen -= 2;
>>  
>> -            f = kmalloc(vlen * 2 + 1, GFP_KERNEL);
>> -            if (!f)
>> -                    return -ENOMEM;
>> -            for (i = 0; i < vlen; i++)
>> -                    sprintf(f + i * 2, "%02x", v[i]);
>> -            pr_debug("fingerprint %s\n", f);
>> -            ctx->cert->fingerprint = f;
>> +            kid = asymmetric_key_generate_id(v, vlen,
>> +                                             ctx->cert->raw_subject,
>> +                                             ctx->cert->raw_subject_size);
>> +            if (IS_ERR(kid))
>> +                    return PTR_ERR(kid);
>> +            ctx->cert->skid = kid;
>> +            pr_debug("subjkeyid %*phN\n", kid->len, kid->data);
>>              return 0;
>>      }
>>  
>>      if (ctx->last_oid == OID_authorityKeyIdentifier) {
>> -            size_t key_len;
>> -
>>              /* Get hold of the CA key fingerprint */
>> -            if (vlen < 5)
>> +            if (ctx->cert->authority || vlen < 5)
>>                      return -EBADMSG;
>>  
>>              /* Authority Key Identifier must be a Constructed SEQUENCE */
>> @@ -454,7 +465,7 @@ int x509_process_extension(void *context, size_t hdrlen,
>>                          v[3] > vlen - 4)
>>                              return -EBADMSG;
>>  
>> -                    key_len = v[3];
>> +                    vlen = v[3];
>>                      v += 4;
>>              } else {
>>                      /* Long Form length */
>> @@ -476,17 +487,17 @@ int x509_process_extension(void *context, size_t 
>> hdrlen,
>>                          v[sub + 1] > vlen - 4 - sub)
>>                              return -EBADMSG;
>>  
>> -                    key_len = v[sub + 1];
>> +                    vlen = v[sub + 1];
>>                      v += (sub + 2);
>>              }
>>  
>> -            f = kmalloc(key_len * 2 + 1, GFP_KERNEL);
>> -            if (!f)
>> -                    return -ENOMEM;
>> -            for (i = 0; i < key_len; i++)
>> -                    sprintf(f + i * 2, "%02x", v[i]);
>> -            pr_debug("authority   %s\n", f);
>> -            ctx->cert->authority = f;
>> +            kid = asymmetric_key_generate_id(v, vlen,
>> +                                             ctx->cert->raw_issuer,
>> +                                             ctx->cert->raw_issuer_size);
>> +            if (IS_ERR(kid))
>> +                    return PTR_ERR(kid);
>> +            pr_debug("authkeyid %*phN\n", kid->len, kid->data);
>> +            ctx->cert->authority = kid;
>>              return 0;
>>      }
>>  
>> diff --git a/crypto/asymmetric_keys/x509_parser.h 
>> b/crypto/asymmetric_keys/x509_parser.h
>> index 1b76f207c1f3..0e8d59b010fb 100644
>> --- a/crypto/asymmetric_keys/x509_parser.h
>> +++ b/crypto/asymmetric_keys/x509_parser.h
>> @@ -19,8 +19,9 @@ struct x509_certificate {
>>      struct public_key_signature sig;        /* Signature parameters */
>>      char            *issuer;                /* Name of certificate issuer */
>>      char            *subject;               /* Name of certificate subject 
>> */
>> -    char            *fingerprint;           /* Key fingerprint as hex */
>> -    char            *authority;             /* Authority key fingerprint as 
>> hex */
>> +    struct asymmetric_key_id *id;           /* Issuer + serial number */
>> +    struct asymmetric_key_id *skid;         /* Subject key identifier */
>> +    struct asymmetric_key_id *authority;    /* Authority key identifier */
>>      struct tm       valid_from;
>>      struct tm       valid_to;
>>      const void      *tbs;                   /* Signed data */
>> diff --git a/crypto/asymmetric_keys/x509_public_key.c 
>> b/crypto/asymmetric_keys/x509_public_key.c
>> index f3d62307e6ee..c60905c3f4d2 100644
>> --- a/crypto/asymmetric_keys/x509_public_key.c
>> +++ b/crypto/asymmetric_keys/x509_public_key.c
>> @@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
>>  #include "x509_parser.h"
>>  
>>  static bool use_builtin_keys;
>> -static char *ca_keyid;
>> +static struct asymmetric_key_id *ca_keyid;
>>  
>>  #ifndef MODULE
>>  static int __init ca_keys_setup(char *str)
>> @@ -33,10 +33,16 @@ static int __init ca_keys_setup(char *str)
>>      if (!str)               /* default system keyring */
>>              return 1;
>>  
>> -    if (strncmp(str, "id:", 3) == 0)
>> -            ca_keyid = str; /* owner key 'id:xxxxxx' */
>> -    else if (strcmp(str, "builtin") == 0)
>> +    if (strncmp(str, "id:", 3) == 0) {
>> +            struct asymmetric_key_id *p;
>> +            p = asymmetric_key_hex_to_key_id(str);
>> +            if (p == ERR_PTR(-EINVAL))
>> +                    pr_err("Unparsable hex string in ca_keys\n");
>> +            else if (!IS_ERR(p))
>> +                    ca_keyid = p;   /* owner key 'id:xxxxxx' */
>> +    } else if (strcmp(str, "builtin") == 0) {
>>              use_builtin_keys = true;
>> +    }
>>  
>>      return 1;
>>  }
>> @@ -46,31 +52,28 @@ __setup("ca_keys=", ca_keys_setup);
>>  /**
>>   * x509_request_asymmetric_key - Request a key by X.509 certificate params.
>>   * @keyring: The keys to search.
>> - * @subject: The name of the subject to whom the key belongs.
>> - * @key_id: The subject key ID as a hex string.
>> + * @kid: The key ID.
>>   *
>>   * Find a key in the given keyring by subject name and key ID.  These might,
>>   * for instance, be the issuer name and the authority key ID of an X.509
>>   * certificate that needs to be verified.
>>   */
>>  struct key *x509_request_asymmetric_key(struct key *keyring,
>> -                                    const char *subject,
>> -                                    const char *key_id)
>> +                                    const struct asymmetric_key_id *kid)
>>  {
>>      key_ref_t key;
>> -    size_t subject_len = strlen(subject), key_id_len = strlen(key_id);
>> -    char *id;
>> +    char *id, *p;
>>  
>> -    /* Construct an identifier "<subjname>:<keyid>". */
>> -    id = kmalloc(subject_len + 2 + key_id_len + 1, GFP_KERNEL);
>> +    /* Construct an identifier "id:<keyid>". */
>> +    p = id = kmalloc(2 + 1 + kid->len * 2 + 1, GFP_KERNEL);
>>      if (!id)
>>              return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
>>  
>> -    memcpy(id, subject, subject_len);
>> -    id[subject_len + 0] = ':';
>> -    id[subject_len + 1] = ' ';
>> -    memcpy(id + subject_len + 2, key_id, key_id_len);
>> -    id[subject_len + 2 + key_id_len] = 0;
>> +    *p++ = 'i';
>> +    *p++ = 'd';
>> +    *p++ = ':';
>> +    p = bin2hex(p, kid->data, kid->len);
>> +    *p = 0;
>>  
>>      pr_debug("Look up: \"%s\"\n", id);
>>  
>> @@ -195,11 +198,10 @@ static int x509_validate_trust(struct x509_certificate 
>> *cert,
>>      if (!trust_keyring)
>>              return -EOPNOTSUPP;
>>  
>> -    if (ca_keyid && !asymmetric_keyid_match(cert->authority, ca_keyid))
>> +    if (ca_keyid && !asymmetric_key_id_same(cert->authority, ca_keyid))
>>              return -EPERM;
>>  
>> -    key = x509_request_asymmetric_key(trust_keyring,
>> -                                      cert->issuer, cert->authority);
>> +    key = x509_request_asymmetric_key(trust_keyring, cert->authority);
>>      if (!IS_ERR(key))  {
>>              if (!use_builtin_keys
>>                  || test_bit(KEY_FLAG_BUILTIN, &key->flags))
>> @@ -214,9 +216,11 @@ static int x509_validate_trust(struct x509_certificate 
>> *cert,
>>   */
>>  static int x509_key_preparse(struct key_preparsed_payload *prep)
>>  {
>> +    struct asymmetric_key_ids *kids;
>>      struct x509_certificate *cert;
>> +    const char *q;
>>      size_t srlen, sulen;
>> -    char *desc = NULL;
>> +    char *desc = NULL, *p;
>>      int ret;
>>  
>>      cert = x509_cert_parse(prep->data, prep->datalen);
>> @@ -249,19 +253,12 @@ static int x509_key_preparse(struct 
>> key_preparsed_payload *prep)
>>               pkey_algo_name[cert->sig.pkey_algo],
>>               hash_algo_name[cert->sig.pkey_hash_algo]);
>>  
>> -    if (!cert->fingerprint) {
>> -            pr_warn("Cert for '%s' must have a SubjKeyId extension\n",
>> -                    cert->subject);
>> -            ret = -EKEYREJECTED;
>> -            goto error_free_cert;
>> -    }
>> -
>>      cert->pub->algo = pkey_algo[cert->pub->pkey_algo];
>>      cert->pub->id_type = PKEY_ID_X509;
>>  
>>      /* Check the signature on the key if it appears to be self-signed */
>>      if (!cert->authority ||
>> -        strcmp(cert->fingerprint, cert->authority) == 0) {
>> +        asymmetric_key_id_same(cert->skid, cert->authority)) {
>>              ret = x509_check_signature(cert->pub, cert); /* self-signed */
>>              if (ret < 0)
>>                      goto error_free_cert;
>> @@ -273,31 +270,47 @@ static int x509_key_preparse(struct 
>> key_preparsed_payload *prep)
>>  
>>      /* Propose a description */
>>      sulen = strlen(cert->subject);
>> -    srlen = strlen(cert->fingerprint);
>> +    srlen = cert->raw_serial_size;
>> +    q = cert->raw_serial;
>> +    if (srlen > 1 && *q == 0) {
>> +            srlen--;
>> +            q++;
>> +    }
>> +
>>      ret = -ENOMEM;
>> -    desc = kmalloc(sulen + 2 + srlen + 1, GFP_KERNEL);
>> +    desc = kmalloc(sulen + 2 + srlen * 2 + 1, GFP_KERNEL);
>>      if (!desc)
>>              goto error_free_cert;
>> -    memcpy(desc, cert->subject, sulen);
>> -    desc[sulen] = ':';
>> -    desc[sulen + 1] = ' ';
>> -    memcpy(desc + sulen + 2, cert->fingerprint, srlen);
>> -    desc[sulen + 2 + srlen] = 0;
>> +    p = memcpy(desc, cert->subject, sulen);
>> +    p += sulen;
>> +    *p++ = ':';
>> +    *p++ = ' ';
>> +    p = bin2hex(p, q, srlen);
>> +    *p = 0;
>> +
>> +    kids = kmalloc(sizeof(struct asymmetric_key_ids), GFP_KERNEL);
>> +    if (!kids)
>> +            goto error_free_desc;
>> +    kids->id[0] = cert->id;
>> +    kids->id[1] = cert->skid;
>>  
>>      /* We're pinning the module by being linked against it */
>>      __module_get(public_key_subtype.owner);
>>      prep->type_data[0] = &public_key_subtype;
>> -    prep->type_data[1] = cert->fingerprint;
>> +    prep->type_data[1] = kids;
>>      prep->payload[0] = cert->pub;
>>      prep->description = desc;
>>      prep->quotalen = 100;
>>  
>>      /* We've finished with the certificate */
>>      cert->pub = NULL;
>> -    cert->fingerprint = NULL;
>> +    cert->id = NULL;
>> +    cert->skid = NULL;
>>      desc = NULL;
>>      ret = 0;
>>  
>> +error_free_desc:
>> +    kfree(desc);
>>  error_free_cert:
>>      x509_free_certificate(cert);
>>      return ret;
>> diff --git a/include/crypto/public_key.h b/include/crypto/public_key.h
>> index 0d164c6af539..fa73a6fd536c 100644
>> --- a/include/crypto/public_key.h
>> +++ b/include/crypto/public_key.h
>> @@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
>>  #define _LINUX_PUBLIC_KEY_H
>>  
>>  #include <linux/mpi.h>
>> +#include <keys/asymmetric-type.h>
>>  #include <crypto/hash_info.h>
>>  
>>  enum pkey_algo {
>> @@ -98,8 +99,8 @@ struct key;
>>  extern int verify_signature(const struct key *key,
>>                          const struct public_key_signature *sig);
>>  
>> +struct asymmetric_key_id;
>>  extern struct key *x509_request_asymmetric_key(struct key *keyring,
>> -                                           const char *issuer,
>> -                                           const char *key_id);
>> +                                           const struct asymmetric_key_id 
>> *kid);
>>  
>>  #endif /* _LINUX_PUBLIC_KEY_H */
>>
>> --
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