Linux-Networking Digest #947, Volume #9 Wed, 20 Jan 99 04:13:48 EST
Contents:
Re: Why Does Linux Networking Suck So Badly ? (Richard Steiner)
Fun with ANSI color and prompts. :-) (Richard Steiner)
Re: Recomendation for external modem for Linux? (Gary Momarison)
Re: DHCP Client not working with ADSL and Bellsouth.net ([EMAIL PROTECTED])
Re: 2 modems one connection ("Mark Vandersteen")
Re: PLIP: Help on notebook ("Mark Vandersteen")
Re: DOES LINUX SUCK ("Jim Ross")
Re: DHCP Client not working with ADSL and Bellsouth.net ([EMAIL PROTECTED])
Intel 82593 network card (Pierre-Yves Manach)
Re: DOES LINUX SUCK ([EMAIL PROTECTED])
PPP Problem--PPPD & CHAT doesn't hit modem, Miniconfig works, but... ("Steve
Whitcher")
Re: Setting up PPP (Roel Verheyen)
Re: ping self (Bob)
Re: ip masq... client ping time out. ([EMAIL PROTECTED])
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Richard Steiner)
Subject: Re: Why Does Linux Networking Suck So Badly ?
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Date: Tue, 19 Jan 1999 23:26:49 -0600
Here in comp.os.linux.networking, [EMAIL PROTECTED] (j)
spake unto us, saying:
>The sheer number of messages posted here - usually half going
>unanswered - tells the tale ... Linux networking sucks.
Other conclusions can be drawn, like
"Linux networking is more flexible so there are more things to ask
questions about",
or
"Linux networking is different from what new users are used to, and
the Linux community encourages asking questions on Usenet"
>Now you can take your Winders, add in file-sharing in just a
>couple of minutes, bring up your Winders workstations and
>locate and link in within just another few minutes. Easy.
>Quick. Relatively painless. Not the Linux way ...
Then why can't Windows 95 OSR2 see my Intel EtherExpress Pro/100B NIC
at all when OS/2 Warp 4, Solaris 2.6, FreeBSD 2.2.7, and various Linux
flavors seem to see it fine?
Perhaps it's painless because it doesn't work. :-)
>Now you may try to defend Linux by saying that it has more
>"flexibility" - but quite frankly we could do with a lot
>less "flexibility" and a lot more simplicity.
I disagree, and I'd like to request that you stop speaking for me...
>Now you thought I was just gonna flame ... nope. I've been
>relatively polite and realistic here. There are MANY issues
>to address, MANY refinements to be made before Linux becomes
>a really good option for administrators of small/medium networks.
Yes, if you want to have such networks set up by people without UNIX
networking knowledge. Whether that's a wise idea or not is up to the
entity supplying the boxes and depending on the network, of cource.
--
-Rich Steiner >>>---> [EMAIL PROTECTED] >>>---> Bloomington, MN
OS/2 + Linux (Slackware+RedHat+SuSE) + FreeBSD + Solaris +
WinNT4 + Win95 + PC/GEOS + Executor = PC Hobbyist Heaven!
--- Eschew Obfuscation! ---
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] (Richard Steiner)
Subject: Fun with ANSI color and prompts. :-)
Reply-To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Date: Tue, 19 Jan 1999 23:15:38 -0600
Here in comp.os.linux.networking, Francesc Guasch <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
spake unto us, saying:
>Yan Seiner wrote:
>
>> I always set up my root shell in flaming pink. That way I can't
>> mistake what I'm doing ;-)
>>
>That's great !
>Can you share with us how you do it ?
That's actually a common idea. Not pink <grin>, but color-coding the
prompts.
I color-code my prompts here by system, and when I log in as root I
use red text with the system name in the center in the system's normal
color. That helps me remember where I am. :-)
The way to do it is to use ANSI escape sequences. The ones I use on
one of my boxes is here:
Root prompt (set in /root/.bashrc):
PS1="\[\033[1;31;40m\][RH5 ** \[\033[1;32;40m\\h:\u\[\033[1;31;40m\]
**]:\w#\[\033[0;37;40m\] "
export PS1
Normal prompt (set in ~/.bashrc):
case `tty` in
/dev/tty1 )
PS1="\[\033[1;32;40m\][RH5-1 \h:\u]:\w\$\[\033[0;37;40m\] " ;;
/dev/tty2 )
PS1="\[\033[1;32;40m\][RH5-2 \h:\u]:\w\$\[\033[0;37;40m\] " ;;
/dev/tty3 )
PS1="\[\033[1;32;40m\][RH5-3 \h:\u]:\w\$\[\033[0;37;40m\] " ;;
/dev/tty4 )
PS1="\[\033[1;32;40m\][RH5-4 \h:\u]:\w\$\[\033[0;37;40m\] " ;;
/dev/tty5 )
PS1="\[\033[1;32;40m\][RH5-5 \h:\u]:\w\$\[\033[0;37;40m\] " ;;
/dev/tty6 )
PS1="\[\033[1;32;40m\][RH5-6 \h:\u]:\w\$\[\033[0;37;40m\] " ;;
* )
PS1="\[\033[1;32;40m\][RH5 \h:\u]:\w\$\[\033[0;37;40m\] " ;;
esac
Some explanation: the "RH5" identifies the flavor of Linux I'm running
(since I have several of them installed here), and the following -# is
the virtual console number so I know which one I'm using.
--
-Rich Steiner >>>---> [EMAIL PROTECTED] >>>---> Bloomington, MN
OS/2 + Linux (Slackware+RedHat+SuSE) + FreeBSD + Solaris +
WinNT4 + Win95 + PC/GEOS + Executor = PC Hobbyist Heaven!
All hope abandon, ye who enter messages here.
------------------------------
From: Gary Momarison <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: Recomendation for external modem for Linux?
Date: 19 Jan 1999 16:40:59 -0800
[EMAIL PROTECTED] writes:
> Has anyone had success attaching external modems to a Red hat
> installation. BTW, my telephone company is GTE and I am considering
> the 3com IQImpact. If anyone has used this brand or another, how did
> it fare?
Zoom FaxModem 56Kx Dualmode model 2949 reliably connects at 44K
for me on RH50 with old and new kernels.
Find modem info at http://www.aa.net/~swear/pedia/modems.html
--
Look for Linux info at http://www.dejanews.com/home_ps.shtml and in
Gary's Encyclopedia at http://www.aa.net/~swear/pedia/index.html
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.setup
Subject: Re: DHCP Client not working with ADSL and Bellsouth.net
Date: Wed, 20 Jan 1999 06:54:25 GMT
In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
Stephen Carville <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> > I have seen a ton of messages concerning setting up Linux for ADSL in
> > combination with having to use DHCP but none of them have helped me to solve
> > my problem. So, I am posting in hopes that someone out there has done the
> > same thing as I'm trying to do in a very very similar situation.
> >
> > I am using ADSL through Bellsouth.net in the Birmingham, AL area. Under
> > Win95 everything is going great and working fine. When I tried setting up
> > Linux, I installed the dhcpcd (client, not dhcpd) but it's failing every
>
> I do not have DSL -- yet -- but a possible problem might be: Is Linux running
> on the same machine as 95? DHCP can be configured to only issue an address to
a
> known MAC address. The symptom you describe (no DHCPOFFER) is exactly what I
> would expect if your Linux box was an "unknown host" to the DHCP server. This
> does not apply if 95 and Linux are running on the same machine and using the
> same NCI card.
Wow, I do appreciate the responses I've gotten. As far as the machine being
used, it's the same machine just booted to either Win95 or Linux. I'm aware
of the MAC Address issue. Thank you for the post, though.
- Darricke
============= Posted via Deja News, The Discussion Network ============
http://www.dejanews.com/ Search, Read, Discuss, or Start Your Own
------------------------------
From: "Mark Vandersteen" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: 2 modems one connection
Date: Wed, 20 Jan 1999 11:19:24 +1030
Sorry thats in the NET-3-HOWTO
Mark
Mark Vandersteen wrote in message ...
>You can use EQL there is a HOWTO on it, but your ISP with have to support
it
>as well.
>Mark Vandersteen [EMAIL PROTECTED]
>Powered by Linux ! Obsessed with women !
>The thoughts here are not necessariy mine !
>
>Your Name wrote in message <7833lo$[EMAIL PROTECTED]>...
>>I was wondering how I would go about using two mdoems, connecting them to
>>the same isp and evenly distributing the bandwidth between the two of
them.
>>tortexbigfoot.com
>>-AL
>
>
------------------------------
From: "Mark Vandersteen" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.hardware
Subject: Re: PLIP: Help on notebook
Date: Wed, 20 Jan 1999 11:47:16 +1030
OK the MPU401 UART is part of your sound card so you will have to change the
settings for your sound card then try again everything else looks correct :)
or change the IRQ your lp port is on in the bios
Check the /proc/interrupts for a spare irq and use it instead :)
Mark Vandersteen [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Powered by Linux ! Obsessed with women !
The thoughts here are not necessariy mine !
Anonymous wrote in message <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>...
>| This is a copy of a email I sent to Andrea Controzzi and my first
>submition to | both newsgroup... so sorry if I did something wrong
>
> I am trying to set up PLIP in my notebook, a Texas Instrument
>Extensa
>368D. It supports three configurations for the Paralel port in the BIOS:
>-ECP(Extended Capabilities Port): that supports a 16-bytes FIFO accessed
>by DMA
>-Bi-directional(not documented)
>-Standard
> It is by default set as Bi-directional, IO base port 0x378 and
>IRQ 7.
> This computer also came with a external floppy driver
>hot-pluggable
>(dont need to turn off) in the paralel port.
> The module loads up correctly, or at least seems to. These are
>the
>kernel messages at boot time:
>
>Anonymous:~# dmesg | grep plip --ignore-case
>NET3 PLIP version 2.2 [EMAIL PROTECTED]
>plip1: Parallel port at 0x378, using assigned IRQ 7.
>
> And also appears to be correct in lsmod:
>
>Anonymous:~# lsmod | grep plip
>plip 3 0
>
> Howver, when I try to set the link up with ifconfig I get
>strange
>returns:
>
>Anonymous:~# ifconfig plip1 notebook pointopoint desktop up
>SIOCSIFFLAGS: Try again
>SIOCSIFFLAGS: Try again
>Anonymous:~# dmesg | grep plip | tail -n 2
>plip1: couldn't get IRQ 7.
>plip1: couldn't get IRQ 7.
>
> In /proc/interrupts, irq 7 is designated to:
>
>Anonymous:~# cat /proc/interrupts | grep 7
> 7: 152 MPU-401 UART
>
> I suspected this is the floppy driver. So, I've tried to disable
>the
>floppy driver in the bios. Yet, I get the same messages.
> Is it possible to set plip in this situation? I am really
>looking
>forward to get this link up and running. Ethernet is not in my home
>budget for some time yet :)
>
> Thank you for attention (sorry for keeping you reading this
>tedius
>email:)
>
> Thanks once more,
>
> Rodrigo Couto
------------------------------
From: "Jim Ross" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.advocacy,linux.redhat.install
Subject: Re: DOES LINUX SUCK
Date: Tue, 19 Jan 1999 20:18:25 -0500
Brent Metzler wrote in message <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>...
>mlw <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote in message
>news:[EMAIL PROTECTED]...
>>[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
>>>
>>> In article <77tc5e$dks$[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, <[EMAIL PROTECTED]
>says...
>>> >
>>>
>>> >With this kind of problems, on a stable release of the O/S, with a
>supported
>>> >product, it makes me really wonder
>>> >"Does LINUX SUCK ?"
>>>
>>> YES.
>>
>>That is so you.
>>
>
>After reading Bob's post after a long while, that becomes obviose. I would
>kill-file him, except that his posts allow me to get a few laughs without
>having to go over to rec.humor.funny.
>
>He seems to think that all that is needed for everyone to use Linux is for
>Linux to be "just like Windows" As much as he hates Linux, I wonder why he
>keeps trying to "give" "advice" to the linux crowd. I imagine that if
Linux
>were ever to be "just like Windows" he would be over here complaining about
>how no one would use Linux. Why? Why would you switch just to end up with
>what you had now?
>
>So keep it coming Bob, I need those chuckles.
>
>-Brent
I think you miss the point in that there are things that suck when compared
with their MS counterparts. Linux and Windows are a set of such a large
number of technologies this Linux is better than Windows is almost
meaningless.
Installations could use improvement.
Spoonfeeding is the goal of installation, not only that a program
"installs".
For my test I give you this.
It is so easy I never remember installing a Windows program after having
done so.
In Linux, installing apps often leaves me with a memory of struggle.
Sometimes it leaves me with a new strategy and plan for my next attempt, or
sometimes I rm the file and look for another program that installs better/at
all.
Jim
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Crossposted-To: alt.linux,alt.os.linux,comp.os.linux.setup
Subject: Re: DHCP Client not working with ADSL and Bellsouth.net
Date: Wed, 20 Jan 1999 07:06:24 GMT
In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
Bob <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> Tina wrote:
>
> > It may depend on what kernel version you are using. After kernel
v2.1.something
> > the DHCPCD v0.70 will not work. I use a roadrunner cable modem, and I
downloaded
> > a newer daemon "rrdhcpcd" and it worked.
> >
> > [EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> >
> > > Hello,
> > >
> > > I have seen a ton of messages concerning setting up Linux for ADSL in
> > > combination with having to use DHCP but none of them have helped me to
solve
> > > my problem.
> Due to a path problem, you may be running the old .70 which definitely doesn't
work,
I remembered to remove 0.70 first so this wouldn't be an issue. Sorry I
didn't mention that before, but thank you for posting. That might be someone
else's issue :).
- Darricke
============= Posted via Deja News, The Discussion Network ============
http://www.dejanews.com/ Search, Read, Discuss, or Start Your Own
------------------------------
From: Pierre-Yves Manach <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Intel 82593 network card
Date: Wed, 20 Jan 1999 08:26:41 +0100
I have an old 386 (Zenith Z-note 320L) on which I have installed
Linux Debian 2.0. I have installed a kernel 2.0.34 and 2.0.36.
Everything is OK except that it can't recognize the network card.
The network card is an Intel 82593 which is supposed to be supported.
Any idea ???
Thank You
--
mailto:[EMAIL PROTECTED]
Laboratoire Genie Mecanique et Materiaux
2 rue le Coat Saint Haouen 56325 Lorient
http://www-lg2m.univ-ubs.fr
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Crossposted-To: comp.os.linux.advocacy,linux.redhat.install
Subject: Re: DOES LINUX SUCK
Date: 19 Jan 1999 22:39:11 -0800
In article <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>, Arthur says...
>
>
>Bob wants computers for the illiterate.
>
hey, you are starting to learn something ! why should not people who can't
read and write use computers too????
i smell some sort of discrimenation against the iliteterate challenged here
or something?
>>
>> a real easy to use system will work like this:
>>
>> You see a "package" or set of packages on the net, to install them, you
>> drag it/them , and drop it/them, on "my computer".
>>
>> DONE.
>>
>> the 'system' will WORRY about everything else.
>
>Er, rpmfind? Don't use it myself.
>
NO, NO! you dont get it !!!
the system must operate at the logical and conceptual dimension, not at the
step wise refinment space!! again, you put the burdon on the user to use
some arcane command to do something.
My point is that this whole concept is false.
think a little.
I am as a user want this program to exist on my machine.
period. that is all what a user should express to the machine. NOT HOW to
do it!! the machine and the system should figure the HOW !!!!
again. real slow.
the User says WHAT they want done. the system figure the HOW.
it is really simple. what is hard to understand??
Bob
------------------------------
From: "Steve Whitcher" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: PPP Problem--PPPD & CHAT doesn't hit modem, Miniconfig works, but...
Date: Wed, 20 Jan 1999 01:42:47 -0600
Okay, with PPPD & Chat, they don't even get a signal out to the modem, which
is assigned /dev/modem on /dev/cua0 (External USR Voice Faxmodem Pro,
hooked up to Serial port 1)
The send/rcv lights don't even flicker.
But, if I use minicom, also set for /dev/modem, it dials and connects fine.
However, when I start pppd after dialing with minicom, I get one of two
things, sometimes the modem gets a flicker or two then disconnects, other
times it executes as if it worked, but I can't seem to ping or telnet
anywhere, whether by IP address or by domain name.
If anyone can help, I'd appreciate it.
Thanks,
Steve
[EMAIL PROTECTED]
------------------------------
From: Roel Verheyen <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Crossposted-To: alt.os.linux.slackware,comp.os.linux.setup
Subject: Re: Setting up PPP
Date: Wed, 20 Jan 1999 09:20:55 +0100
As I see, there are lots of problems with ppp. I have installed a small
app. ezppp. It makes the connection, dails the number and executes a
script. It works.
My problem is, I think, at the server...
I have two connections (2 ISP's) at the moment.
When connecting to the first it works just fine...
As I try the second one, it works fine until the connection is
established. Then I get trown out!
ezppp error = unexpected server termination (or something like this)
I've contacted my ISP but I don't get any response...
On Wed, 20 Jan 1999, Paul Sheen wrote:
> In article <01be4367$c77b6d80$1a381cd0@terry-voakes>,
> Terry Voakes <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
> >Hello,
> >
> >I have tried setting up PPP using the pppsetup program that comes with
> >Slackware 3.6 but no luck. I have all the information from my ISP and I am
> >sure that it is correct. (i.e. name server, PAP, etc...)
>
> Try running pppd with the defaultroute option. You can put it in your ppp
> options file in /etc/ppp. This sets your net gateway and is a problem I
> had when I was trying to set up ppp. Let me know if it works.
>
>
Roel Verheyen [EMAIL PROTECTED]
LIBIS-Net +32 (016)322253
------------------------------
From: Bob <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
Subject: Re: ping self
Date: Tue, 19 Jan 1999 21:01:39 -0500
hieninger wrote:
> Hi there,
>
> shouldn't it be possible to ping self under LINUX?
> own IP 192.168.1.254
>
> and then
> ping 192.168.1.254
Easier because it's defaulted:
ping 127.0.0.1
Yes, you can ping if your ifconfig and route commands are done for
192.168.1.*
If you have two boxes then IP's would be 192.168.1.1 and 2 and that
254 might be too high a number to plug in there.
I don't know about samba.
-Bob
------------------------------
From: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Subject: Re: ip masq... client ping time out.
Date: Wed, 20 Jan 1999 01:33:03 GMT
In article <7835fp$tfi$[EMAIL PROTECTED]>,
[EMAIL PROTECTED] wrote:
> It's wierd...
>
> I am using RH5 with Ip_masq. When I use Ip-masq the client machines can surf
> the net.. do the mail thing.. ftp... etc...
>
> But they can't ping anything in www land. Not even the IP address of my
> ISP's nameserver... the pings just timeout
>
> The linux machine has no problem pinging anything on the web.
>
> In TCP/IP properties I have my IP specified as 192.168.0.3
> The gateway as 192.168.0.1
> and my ISP's DNS and domain as what they should be.
>
> A sample route print from the win95 machine: Network Address Netmask
> Gateway Address Interface Metric 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.0.1 192.168.0.3
> 1 127.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 1 192.168.0.0 255.255.255.0
> 192.168.0.3 192.168.0.3 1 192.168.0.3 255.255.255.255 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1
> 1 192.168.0.255 255.255.255.255 192.168.0.3 192.168.0.3 1 224.0.0.0
> 224.0.0.0 192.168.0.3 192.168.0.3 1 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255
> 192.168.0.3 192.168.0.3 1
>
> Here's the Ip_masq rules that I use:
> # flush current settings:
> /sbin/ipfwadm -O -f
> /sbin/ipfwadm -I -f
> /sbin/ipfwadm -F -f
> # default policy is "deny"
> /sbin/ipfwadm -F -p deny
> # block Windows housekeeping traffic from triggering autodial etc:
> /sbin/ipfwadm -F -a deny -P tcp -S 0.0.0.0/0 137:139
> /sbin/ipfwadm -F -a deny -P udp -S 0.0.0.0/0 137:139
> # provide masquerade services for the local machines
> /sbin/ipfwadm -F -a m -S 192.168.0.1 -D 0.0.0.0/0 -P all
> /sbin/ipfwadm -F -a m -S 192.168.0.2 -D 0.0.0.0/0 -P all
> /sbin/ipfwadm -F -a m -S 192.168.0.3 -D 0.0.0.0/0 -P all
> # install modules
> /sbin/insmod ip_masq_cuseeme
> /sbin/insmod ip_masq_ftp
> /sbin/insmod ip_masq_irc
> /sbin/insmod ip_masq_quake
> /sbin/insmod ip_masq_raudio
> /sbin/insmod ip_masq_vdolive
>
> hmmm.. anything else I should include/exclude???
>
> Another wierd thing that happens... I just disconnected form my ISP so I
> didn't tie up my phone line while I typed this message.. I type route print
> again:
>
> Network Address Netmask Gateway Address Interface Metric 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0
> 192.168.0.1 192.168.0.3 1 127.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 1
> 192.168.0.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.0.3 192.168.0.3 1 192.168.0.3
> 255.255.255.255 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 1 192.168.0.255 255.255.255.255
> 192.168.0.3 192.168.0.3 1 205.188.252.16 255.255.255.255 192.168.0.254
> 192.168.0.3 1 208.10.192.161 255.255.255.255 192.168.0.1 192.168.0.3 1
> 224.0.0.0 224.0.0.0 192.168.0.3 192.168.0.3 1 255.255.255.255
> 255.255.255.255 192.168.0.3 192.168.0.3 1
>
> this happens quite a bit... I have no idea what those two mysterious IP
> addresses are. Also.. when I restart the win95 mahcine and the linux box is
> NOT connected at the time and I type route print I get my ISP's nameserver
> IP's in replacement of the mysterious IP's above. In either case I have to
> actually goto the dos prompt and remove them from the route table before
> IP_masq will work. As you may guess my wife does not like to check the route
> table everytime she wants to check her mail.
>
> Anyone have any ideas what might be causing either of these probs... ???
> any suggestions would be appretiated.
>
> Thanks
> Matt G
>
> -----------== Posted via Deja News, The Discussion Network ==----------
> http://www.dejanews.com/ Search, Read, Discuss, or Start Your Own
>
Oops... looks like the route tables didn't come out properly.
Hmmm.. damn return characters.
lemme try and cut and paste it again... this time no matter how uneven it
looks I will not screw with it. maybe it will look good once uploaded to the
news server?
If not .. maybe just what I have said below will give you an idea what is
going on. Note: this is just the route table that works. If you want to see
the one with the wierd IP's in it.. just reply saying so.
Network Address Netmask Gateway Address Interface Metric
0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.0.1 192.168.0.3 1
127.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 1
192.168.0.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.0.3 192.168.0.3 1
192.168.0.3 255.255.255.255 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 1
192.168.0.255 255.255.255.255 192.168.0.3 192.168.0.3 1
224.0.0.0 224.0.0.0 192.168.0.3 192.168.0.3 1
255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 192.168.0.3 192.168.0.3 1
Thanks again..
Matt G
Hope this time it works better.
============= Posted via Deja News, The Discussion Network ============
http://www.dejanews.com/ Search, Read, Discuss, or Start Your Own
------------------------------
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End of Linux-Networking Digest
******************************
