really good reply
thank you
----- Original Message ----
From: Cameron Simpson <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>
To: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Sent: Sunday, April 15, 2007 5:40:11 AM
Subject: [LINUX_Newbies] Re: difference between terminal and console
On 13Apr2007 23:42, abhishek misra <abhishekfishy2000@ yahoo.com>
wrote:
| what is the difference between terminal and console in Linux terms
A terminal is any character based interface to the system, usually
running a login prompt and issuing a command line shell. Generally,
_real_ terminals are peripherals to the system. For example, a keyboard
and monitor attached to a serial port on a machine on older shared
systems.
Things like xterm, gnome-terminal, rxvt, Konsole etc are terminal
_emulators_; they present a convenient "command line in a window"
iterface as would have been found on a physical terminal. However,
instead of having a physical connection to a serial port they attach
to a logical device called a pseudo-terminal inside the OS.
The console is the main terminal to the system. At boot, that is where
the boot messages appear and the first login prompt. When a system is
"single user", the console will usually be the only available terminal.
So:
| Let me know if following understanding is correct.
|
| Terminal is an interface between the user and Linux system, which user
| to make requests to the system , the system can present its response
| and also error messages if any.
It's _an_ interface. It is character based, and usually running a command
shell like bash. Otherwise, yes.
| Under Linux each terminal is represented by a device file listed as /proc/tty
Probably /dev/tty, depending on context. That's a special device that is
a handy name for "the current terminal", regardless of which actual
terminal you are using. Shell scripts etc may want that.
| There are three types of terminals serial, virtual and pseudo .
A physical terminal will usually have a serial port as its interface, and
connect to a serial port on the host machine. Systems with a video card will
usually present one or more virtual terminals on the display attached to the
card. A terminal emulator (xterm etc) will connect to a pseudo-terminal
instead of a serial port.
| The X Window System uses pseudo terminals
Terminal emulator _programs_ running inside an X11 display will use
pseudo terminals as part of their work.
| co:2345:respawn: /sbin/agetty ttyS0 115200 vt100-nav
| 1:2345:respawn: /sbin/mingetty tty1
| 2:2345:respawn: /sbin/mingetty tty2
| 3:2345:respawn: /sbin/mingetty tty3
| 4:2345:respawn: /sbin/mingetty tty4
| 5:2345:respawn: /sbin/mingetty tty5
| 6:2345:respawn: /sbin/mingetty tty6
|
| # Run xdm in runlevel 5
| x:5:respawn: /etc/X11/ prefdm -nodaemon
|
| The above suggests that 'co' or console is actually the serial terminal
For this systems, yes.
| 1-6 are virtual terminals (clt-alt F[1-6])
Um, yes, on a linux box. Ok, you have virtual terminals.
| x is the pseudo terminal used by the X Window System
No. "x" is just a label (as are the others). The window system will take over
one of the virtual terminals if it is running on the system console (not the
serial port - usually the keyboard/monitor attached to the system video card).
| the login program is run on all these terminals for given set of run levels
Yes, except for the 'x" line, where prefdm is run.
Cheers,
--
Cameron Simpson <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> DoD#743
http://www.cskk. ezoshosting. com/cs/
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