Hi Again,

On Aug 31, 2014, at 8:59 PM, Gerd Kortemeyer <korte...@msu.edu> wrote:

> 
> The problem may be 1e10 as upper limit - that’s awfully big. While I am 
> unable to verify this right now, I have a vague feeling that a 32-bit integer 
> is expected inside &random_permutation(), and that weird things could happen 
> with the overflows or “negatives.” Maybe try with 1e8 (which is smaller than 
> 2^31) and see if the bias goes away.

I am not sure what “bias” is in this context means, but I just noticed that 
your array appears to have 10,000 elements, which means there are 10,000! 
different permutations. Of course 10,000! >> 1e10, so with the a random seed 
between 1 and 1e10, you’ll never “hit” all possible permutations - is that the 
“bias”?

- Gerd.


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