This article mentions two innovations from Red Hat kernel developers. Ingo Molnar's O(1) scheduler and Arjan van de Ven's upcoming O(1) VM layer. I hadn't heard of the O(1) VM layer previously but this is great news, especially if you remember the VM troubles in the early 2.4.x kernel. These kernel improvements mean great improvements in the scalability of the Linux kernel.

The second article describes the Native Posix Threading Library sponsored by Red Hat. NPTL is a combination of improvements to both glibc and the kernel that will mean much greater threading scalability on the Linux kernel while being binary compatible with existing programs.


http://kerneltrap.org/node.php?id=517

"Ingo Molnar has been contributing to Linux kernel development since 1995 with an impressive list of accomplishments. Most recently his O(1) scheduler was merged into the 2.5 development kernel, as well as much work to enhance the handling of threads. Other highly visible contributions include software-RAID support and the in-kernel Tux web and FTP servers.

"In this interview, Ingo explores how he started working on the Linux kernel, noting, "It might sound a bit strange but i installed my first Linux box for the sole purpose of looking at the kernel source." He goes on to explain the concepts behind his new O(1) scheduler, and to describe many of his other kernel efforts. This interview was conducted over several months, and covers a wide range interesting topics...
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http://kerneltrap.org/node.php?id=422

"One test mentioned in Ulrich's email - running 100,000 concurrent threads on an IA-32 - generated some interesting discussion. Ingo Molnar explained that with the current stock 2.5 kernel such a test requires roughly 1GB RAM, and the act of starting and stopping all 100,000 threads in parallel takes only 2 seconds. In comparison, with the 2.5.31 kernel (prior to Ingo's recent threading work), such a test would have taken around 15 minutes.
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https://listman.redhat.com/pipermail/phil-list/2002-November/000275.html
Someone from Intel wrote a HOWTO use NPTL on Red Hat

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