here is a pretty good and efficient way to do it, from the author of lucene 
himself
http://www.mail-archive.com/[email protected]/msg12709.html

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> Date: Wed, 17 Nov 2010 15:58:53 +0800
> Subject: How to Transmit and Append Indexes
> From: [email protected]
> To: [email protected]
>
> Hi, all,
>
> I am working on a distributed searching system. Now I have one server only.
> It has to crawl pages from the Web, generate indexes locally and respond
> users' queries. I think this is too busy for it to work smoothly.
>
> I plan to use two servers at at least. The jobs to crawl pages and generate
> indexes are done by one of them. After that, the new available indexes
> should be transmitted to anther one which is responsible for responding
> users' queries. From users' point of view, this system must be fast.
> However, I don't know how I can get the additional indexes which I can
> transmit. After transmission, how to append them to the old indexes? Does
> the appending block searching?
>
> Thanks so much for your help!
>
> Bing Li
                                          

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