> 
> So what does this all mean? Is it a regression in Linux 3?
> 
> Or were previous versions not actually blocking while sync was called?
> 

I think the latter. Probably the filesystems didn't sync as expected in 
previous versions of Linux.

I was surprised by the numbers, but according to Wikipedia a modern 7200RPM 
SATA disk maxes out at around 75-100 IOPS.

An average run of my dd script is:

# dd if=/dev/zero of=test.bin bs=512 count=128 oflag=sync
128+0 records in
128+0 records out
65536 bytes (66 kB) copied, 4.19463 s, 15.6 kB/s

So that's 128 sync writes in 4 seconds, or 32 writes per second. Every time you 
write the 512 byte chunk to the test.bin file, there will also be a metadata 
update, and even if that was only a single write operation we are now at 64 
IOPS, which is within the same magnitude as the 75-100 figure given by 
Wikipedia. Small synchronous writes suck. I think the suckiness increases even 
more with 512 byte writes on 4k sectors because of the read-modify-write 
situation.

I'm hoping that ceph with the journal on an SSD will improve my situation 
somewhat... my SSD's arrive tomorrow.

James

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