A B wrote:
It's called an "hyphenation point". Insert->Formatting->Hyphenation Point,
or Ctrl-minus.

Great. Although I have to add them manually.  So the two questions remains:
How to avoid doing that manually, and how can I not get the
hyphenation character (minus) at the end of the line?

Is manual adding of spaces in the long words the only option?

LyX will break long words according to the hyphenation rules for your language. This also works to some extent for nonwords, but only if your nonwords contain the letter combinations where breaks are allowed in your language. If your nonwords doesn't have that, then LyX can't break them up.

Inserting manual hyphenation points helps - you won't get hyphens that aren't actually used. so, only at the end of lines.

If you don't want to insert manual hyphenation points, then you can create a new hyphenation "nonlanguage" for your nonwords. Set it up so that breaks are allowed anywhere - or anywhere you find reasonable. Creating a new hyphenation language may be some work though!

Special case: if you only have a few nonwords (that gets used a lot),
consider using the \hyphenation command in the preamble to tell latex
how to break up just those words. Example:
\hyphenation{my-non-word-1 my-no-nw-or-d2 myn-onwo-rd3}

Getting rid of the hyphen signs at the end of line should be easier.
Different languages have different conventions for hyphenation, so the hyphenation symbol can be redefined.
\hyphenchar\font=65
This sets the hyphen symbols to 65 (An "A" instead of "-").
Try other values between 0 and 255 to see if you find something better.

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