Rupajhana From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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In Buddhism, rûpajhânas are successive levels of meditation in which the mind
is focused on a material object: it is a word used in Pâli scriptures. Each
higher level is harder to reach than the previous one. It is distinguised from
arûpajhâna which is meditation focused on immaterial objects.
There are eight jhânas in total, out of which the first four are rûpajhânas.
All four rûpajhânas are characterized by ekagatta which means one-pointedness,
i.e. the mind focuses singularly on the material object during meditation.
The four rûpajhânas are: (1) pathama-jhâna, (2) dutiya-jhâna, (3)
tatiya-jhâna, (4) catuttha-jhâna. See right concentration.
These first four jhânas can be characterized by certain factors called
jhânanga whose presence or absence in each rûpajhâna is summarized in the
following table:
jhâna
vitakka
& vicara
pîti
sukha
ekagattâ
uppekha
first
*
*
*
*
second
*
*
*
third
*
*
fourth
*
*
The jhânanga have the following meanings: vittaka means the noticing of the
object of meditation, vicara means the experiencing of the object, pîti means
rapture, sukha means joy, ekagattâ means one-pointedness of concentration,
uppekha means equanimity
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