Hi All.

I have just discovered the Mac does not support Computer Braille Grade 0. It 
supports English grade 1 USA, UK and Unicode. But you do not get Computer grade 
braille USA or British. I prefer USa Computer Grade Braille when reading 
computer related information.

Any ideas on resolving this?


Sean 
On 11/08/2012, at 10:18 AM, Esther wrote:

> Hello All,
> 
>> I was experimenting while drafting a reply to Phil's question about double
>> clicking and right clicking, and came across an interesting side behavior
>> from the application KeyRemap4MacBook that allows me to use the NumPad
>> Commander key definitions, including combinations with modifier keys, on a
>> laptop. For background information, this software is shareware (free, but
>> donations suggested if you find it useful), and can be used to remap
>> keyboard keys.  While many people who have installed VMWare Fusion to run
>> Windows under a virtual machine used Sharp Keys to remap keys under the
>> Windows guest system, others have use Fusion's preferences, and still
>> others have used KeyRemap4MacBook.  The distinction is that
>> KeyRemap4MacBook is a Mac-based program (while Fusion's preferences take
>> effect only within the virtual machines, which might be Linux, Windows,
>> etc.; and Sharp Keys is a Windows registry hack that only works for the
>> Windows VM). KeyRemap4Macbook (hereafter, KR4MB) can also be used for
>> general Mac keyboard remapping, to support different language
>> implementations, etc.  For example, I think someone has used this to remap
>> the right Command key to be a Control key, so that the bottom row gives
>> you VO keys on both sides of the space bar. Just a warning that this is
>> going to be a long post, and may be primarily of interest to those
>> interested in the technical side of working their Macs.  I'm hoping to
>> enlist some assistance in checking out what I hope are new capabilities
>> for laptop Mac users.
>> 
>> The interesting discovery is that when you download and install KR4MB on
>> Mac laptops, by default you gain access to the embedded number pad in the
>> right hand side of the keyboard when you press the "Fn" key in combination
>> with these keys.  So, if I want to enter a series of numbers, holding down
>> the "Fn" key and pressing "j k l" generates "1 2 3", while holding down
>> the "Fn" key and pressing "u i o" generates "4 5 6".  This is exactly the
>> way things worked on the PowerPC laptop keyboards and the early Intel
>> MacBooks (before year's end 2008).  You could access the embedded numeric
>> keypad -- both numbers and math operation characters -- either by toggling
>> on the "NumLock" function of the F6 key, or by pressing "Fn" with each key
>> without having to toggle on "NumLock".
>> 
>> The even more interesting discovery is that you can use the embedded
>> numeric keypad with the Fn key to generate the NumPad Commander
>> combinations, including the ones with modifier keys like "Command",
>> "Option", "Control", or "Shift", if you turn on NumPad Commander by
>> checking the box for "Enable NumPad Commander" under the "Commanders" menu
>> of VoiceOver Utility (VO-F8). In fact, if you turn on keyboard help mode
>> with VO-k and press the keys on the right hand side of the keyboard where
>> the embedded number pad would be on the old laptops, together with the
>> "Fn" key and modifiers, VoiceOver will identify the corresponding NumPad
>> Commander operation that is currently bound to that combination.
>> 
>> For background, over two years ago there was a discussion on this list
>> about being able to use the unmodified NumPad Commander keyboard shortcuts
>> on a laptop if you press the number key from the top row on the keyboard
>> in place of the corresponding NumPad key together with an arrow key.
>> Again, NumPad Commander must be enabled in VoiceOver Utility for this to
>> work. I think that Sarah, at least, takes advantage of this on her laptop.
>> (The trick is to find an arrow key to press that doesn't also move focus
>> while you use these combinations.)  I'll give the link to the old
>> discussion in the list archives, since this predates the use of the Mail
>> Archive with its search facilities, and I went back to read up on this.
>> There were some truly odd aspects of the way this worked. For one thing, I
>> could run the default unmodified NumPad Commander definitions on my 12" G4
>> PowerBook under Tiger (Mac OS X 10.4), which still had a working embedded
>> Numeric Keypad, even though  NumPad Commander was not introduced until
>> Leopard (Mac OS X 10.5).  Anne could press the top row keys in combination
>> with arrow keys on a French keyboard to get these sequences, even though
>> on a French keyboard typing the numbers by themselves in the top row of
>> keys requires pressing the "Shift" key. Here's the old discussion archive
>> link:
>> 
>> Keyboard Shortcuts from NumPad Commander without a NumPad:
>> http://mail.tft-bbs.co.uk/pipermail/mac-access/2010/000101.html
>> 
>> As far as I can tell so far, using KR4MB does not produce any bad side
>> effects for VoiceOver use.  Even without using the NumPad Commander
>> definitions it appears useful to have an alternate way to enter numbers.
>> When KR4MB is installed the combination of pressing a number from the top
>> row of keys and an arrow key no longer seems to generate the unmodified
>> NumPad Commander operation for that number key.  On the other hand, there
>> are probably things I can't easily test by myself.  I've switched language
>> keyboards, and the NumPad definitions seem to work OK. I've been doing my
>> test on a 13" MacBook Pro (2010 model) running Snow Leopard.  But I don't
>> know, for example, whether the remapped keys have any contention issues
>> with key definitions for people running VMWare and Windows or Bootcamp.
>> Also, I haven't tried the key emulation in Bluetooth applications like
>> Type2Phone yet, but I think that app might use the native keystrokes,
>> only.  My machine also runs TextExpander, which shouldn't affect the key
>> remapping, but it could generate odd input combinations.  Anyone who wants
>> to try experimenting with this should probably not be using other key
>> remapping software in contention.
>> 
>> I think this is definitely an interesting set of features to test out, but
>> there should probably be additional checking of the NumPad Commander
>> function usage.  In other respects KR4MB appears to be well-designed
>> software.  Here's the developer's web page for those of you who are
>> interested:
>> http://pqrs.org/macosx/keyremap4macbook/
>> 
>> Note that there are two different versions of the software (version 7.8.0
>> for Mountain Lion, Lion, and Snow Leopard, and version 5.1.0 for Leopard
>> and Tiger).  This downloads as a .dmg file.  I just double clicked after
>> opening the .dmg file to install on Snow Leopard, but there are specific
>> instructions about using the contextual to open in compliance with
>> GateKeeper under Mountain Lion.
>> 
>> Again, I'd hope that a few people would check this out and report back on
>> their results.
>> 
>> HTH.  Cheers,
>> 
>> Esther
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