Hi all,
A while back I posted a question on this list about applications written with 
the QT GUI toolkit. They worked on my previous Macs but not my current one. 
After a lot of fiddling around, I know have a solution to get QT applications 
working as they once did:
You need to go into System Preferences/Accessibility (Universal Access for 
those of you not upgraded to Mountain Lion). At the bottom of the window there 
is a checkbox labeled "Enable Access for Assistive Devices." This is unchecked 
by default. You need to turn this on and, once you do, OS X will prompt you for 
an administrator password. Enter it and then load up a QT application. They 
will now work as before.

Caveats:
This will only enable basic accessibility in QT applications that are compiled 
with accessibility enabled and bundle the QT accessible widgets plugin. This 
means that it will not enable access to every QT app. Further, QT's 
accessibility support is extremely basic. Controls such as buttons, lists, 
radio buttons, and edit fields will speak. Some more advanced controls, such as 
tree views or custom widgets, will still be rendered as unknown to Voiceover. 
QT 5.0 is set to use a more updated Cocoa-based API to expose this information 
and is also set to expose controls such as tree views. However, QT 5.0 is still 
in early development and is not widely used as of now.

Applications I've tested:
* TeamTalk 4.4: Works well except for the user/channel list, which is a tree 
view.
* Rockbox Utility: Works fine save for the devices tree view, though you can 
get around this by selecting the path of your device manually and having the 
utility detect which device you're dealing with.
* VirtualBox: Does not bundle the accessible widgets and will not load them, so 
does not work. Command-line use will still allow you to use it, but can take 
time to learn.
* Calibre (Ebook manager and converter): Same as Virtualbox though, being open 
source, I may try and rebuild it with the appropriate flags and plugin 
included. At the moment I use the command-line for ebook conversion, which 
takes a bit of manual setup.
* Mumble: Does not bundle the accessible widgets and has no command-line 
equivalents. Unuseable.

Technical Explanation:
QT version 4.0 implements basic OS X accessibility, but it does so via the 
Carbon API, which is now deprecated. Enabling this option allows older and 
third-party toolkits to communicate through the OS X accessibility API. In a 
sense, it installs a bridge between the native Cocoa accessibility API and 
non-Cocoa toolkits that wish to access it. This is off by default, and simply 
turning on Voiceover does not change the status of this option. This also 
enables a great deal of Applescript controls for UI elements in applications 
that are not normally scriptable, as well as installing additional keyboard 
hooks for advanced typing utilities. It is off by default, from what I can 
tell, because there is a theoretical security risk associated with this, e.g. 
if you unintentionally installed a key logger trojan. However, I know of no 
actual security risks in the wild relating to the use of this option.

I hope this helps anyone out there having the same trouble I was. It took quite 
a while to find this, as there is not much documentation on the subject.

Jake

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